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Materials and Methods Samples were collected from a tillage experiment established on the farm of Southwest University (30°26′N, 106°26′E), Chongqing, China.
The soil is a Hydragric Anthrosol (the FAO soil classification) developed from the parent material of Jurassic purple shale and sandstone weathering product.
Acknowledgment This work was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40805050 and No. 41005069), and Doctoral Foundation for the New Scholars of Ministry of Education of China (No. 200806351014).
Soil Science Society of America Journal, 57: 192-194 (1993)
Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 75: 529-538 (1995)

Siambun1 and Jedol Dayou2 1School of Engineering and Information Technology, 2 Energy, Vibration and Sound Research Group (e-VIBS), School of Science and Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
Introduction The factors controlling the friction behaviour of materials include mechanical stresses, temperature and oxidation phenomena [1].
This layer plays a protective role as it reduces material loss rate by reducing or eliminating direct contact of the two surfaces.
Hutchings, Tribology – Friction and wear of engineering materials, Edward Arnold, London, 1992
Zhao, Friction and wear properties of TiN, TiAlN, AlTiN and CrAlN PVD nitride coatings, International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. 31 (2012) 82-88

Chocolate can be easily turned into a cream state using heat and therefore has characteristics like plastic materials, which are typically used in 3D printing via FDM technology [3].
A large number of materials have been printed, ranging from pizza dough, meat, pasta to confectionery products such as sugar, chocolate, decorative cake toppings, and many others [2].
Materials and Methods Material.
EDP Sciences
Journal of Food Chemistry, (1998) 73-97.

Therefore, the lotus-type porous metals have attracted considerable attention for various applications as light-weight materials, catalyses, electrodes, vibration and acoustic energy damping materials[2-4].
Shapovalov: Porous and Cellular Materials for Structural Applications, ed. by D.S.
Tane: submitted to Materials Science Forum
Yajima: Journal of the JCBRA Vol. 40 (1) (2001), p. 301.

Influence of Free Volume on Damping Properties for CIIR and CIIR/PEA Investigated by Positron Yuchan Zhu,1 Bo Wang,1,a Wei Zhou, 1 Jinrong Wu,2 Guangsu Huang2 1 Department of Physics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China 2 College of polymer science and polymer materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China a email: bwang@positron.whu.edu.cn Keywords: free volume, damping, positron annihilation, CIIR, CIIR/PEA Abstract.
Introduction Polymer can be used as damping materials because the absorbed energy by it eventually dissipated as heat [1, 2].
As high-performance damping materials, a broader glass transition region is desirable to cover wider temperature range.
Experimental Materials and Preparation.
Mohd Ishak, Journal of vinyl technology, 1994, 16, 226-230

Crystal Structure and Hydration Characteristics of Tricalcium Silicate Doped with Magnesium Oxide Lin Chen1,a, Xu Wang1,b, Xiaodong Shen2,c, Suhua Ma2,d, Weiqiang Zhou2,e 1Department of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Technical Vocational College, Nanjing 210019, PR China; 2State key Laboratory of Materials-oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China a*email:Lchen816@126.com, bemail:wangxulism@126.com, cemail:xdshen@njut.edu.cn, demail:yc982@163.com, eemail:lch210019@126.com Key words: tricalcium silicate; MgO; structure; hydration Abstract: The research investigates various methods to identify magnesium oxide influences on the crystal structure and hydration properties of tricalcium silicate.
Experimental Procedure Preparation of Specimen Pure tricalcium silicate and its solid solutions with magnesium were made by solid-state reaction at 1500℃.The starting materials were analytical reagent grade calcium carbonate and quartz and magnesium oxide.
[7] Wang Chunfang, Zhou zonghui, Liu Caixia.Formation Kintics Of Portland Cement Clinker Containing With Magnesium Oxide, Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society. 39(2011)714-717
Materials and Structures, 41(2008)1729-1740.

Test Method and Test Material A large number of fatigue cracks emerge in the welding legs of the ocean platform.
Specimen according to the actual structure of the materials used in production, the mechanical properties of the AH32 is given as follows given in Table1.
The mechanical property of material Mechanical property Ultimate stress σb [MPa] The yield strength of AH32 σs [MPa] δ 440 320 20% TIG-dressing Procedure and Loading The TIG-dressing is fusion repaired in the position of toes used by tungsten inert gas when the structure has already been the first welding repaired [1].
Acknowledgements The authors thank the supports of the natural science project of The Office of Henan Education (2009A130005).
References [1] DONGXIA LI, YING MEI, FANG JIA, BAOCHUN JIA: The Study of Fatigue Life of the Crack of Weld Bead, Fracture and Damage Mechanics, Key Engineering Materials, 2006.9 [2] JÜRGEN RUDOLPH: Endurance Limit of Ground and TIG Dressed Steel Welded Joints under Proportional Loading, Schweißtechnik, Chemie Ingenieur Technik (75), 2003.1-21 [3] LIXING HUO, DONGPO WANG, YUFENG ZHANG: Investigation of the fatigue behavior of the welded joints treated by TIG dressing and ultrasonic peeing under variable-amplitude load, International Journal of Fatigue, 27, 2005, 95-101 [4] LIU HONGWEN: Mechanics of Materials, Beijing, Higher Education Press, 2007 (in Chinese) [5] GAO Z T: Applications of Statistics in fatigue, Beijing, National Defense Industry Press, 1986 （in Chinese） [6] DONGXIA LI, BAOCHUN JIA: The effect of multiple weld and TIG on shape joints fatigue strength, Fracture Mechanics Symposium, 2008.10

Three different kinds of materials were ground using the same grinding parameters.
Fig.2 Grinding forces by different grinding wheels Fig.3 Typical temperature signal Fig.4 Grinding temperature of different wheels Fig.5 Grinding temperature of different materials Surface roughness and grinding ratio.
Acknowledgments This project is supported by the Science and Technology Project of Colleges and Universities in Shandong (No.J11LD25).
Surface quality studies with respect to grinding burn of new typical nickel-based superalloy, Key Engineering Materials, (2004)233-238 [2] D.Herman,J.Plichta,T.Karpinski.
International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture,44(2004)511-522

Journal Citation (to be inserted by the publisher ) Copyright by Trans Tech Publications Synthesis of New Biocompatible Apatite-type Rare-earth Silicates T.
Introduction Rare-earth element is used as an optical glass, pigment, and magnetic material.
On the other hand, hydroxyapatite (HAp) is an excellent bioactive material.
METHODS Materials: The series of apatite-type rare-earth silicates were synthesized by a solid state reaction at 1400°C by using BaCO3, SiO2, Ln2O3 (Ln=Y, La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, and Dy), CeO2, and Pr6O11.
The ceramic HAp as the bioactive material was similarly enveloped in a fibroblastic tissue.

Introduction Carbon fiber is one of the preferred high-performance materials in the aerospace field around the world.With a variety of excellent performance like high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, fatigue resistance, conductive, light quality, easy processing , it is now widely used in aerospace and military field.
It is a reinforced structure skeleton of composite material.It reinforced composite materials on the structure and properties, making it have significant resistance to stress concentration and the ability of impact damage and crack expanding [1].Although our country has obtained certain achievements in the development of high performance composite technology, some key technologies are in the hands of the developed countries.Therefore, our country should get rid of the limit of developed countries as soon as possible through the technical research, develop composited carbon fiber materials and equipment independently, to meet the development needs of the aerospace and other high-tech fields.
The young's modulus of material is E = 2.5 e11 pa, and density is 7850 kg/m3[6].According to the steps of finite element analysis , the stress nephogram of Φ 70 (Fig.9) , deformation nephogram of Φ70 (Fig.10), stress nephogram of Φ90 (Fig.11) and deformation nephogram(Fig. 12)can be obtained respectively .
Ackonwledgements This research has been supported by the Key Projects of the National Science & Technology during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period (2011BAF08B02).Bai Yu also thanks the Advanced Mechatronics Equipment Technology Tianjin Area Major Laboratory.
Journal of high-tech fibers and applications, 2005, 30 (5) : 24 to 40