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Enhancement of corrosion resistance of iron and steel materials under atmospheric environment[1].
In recent years, with the development of railway freight cars in the direction of high speed and heavy load, higher requirements for weathering performance of car body materials have been put forward[3].
Current situation and demand of railway freight car body material[J].
Journal of iron and Steel Research, 2007, 19(11):1-4
Shanghai: Shanghai science and Technology Literature Press, 1987:231-235

A study on Magnetohydrodynamic and entropy generation in double-diffusive mixed convection in a nano-enhanced phase change material-filled curvilinear cavity with a rotating cylinder was done by Hassan et al. [35].
Singh, “Thermo-solute natural convection with heat and mass lines in a uniformly heated and soluted rectangular enclosure for low Prandtl number fluids,” International Journal of Thermal Sciences, vol. 148, p. 106160, Feb. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2019.106160
Bouchair, “Thermosolutal natural convection cooling process of a thermal source inside a partially porous cavity,” International Journal for Computational Methods in Engineering Science and Mechanics, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 193–210, May 2023, doi: 10.1080/15502287.2022.2120443
Amin, “Mixed convection heat transfer in a lid-driven enclosure with a double-pipe heat exchanger,” International Journal of Thermofluids, vol. 13, p. 100131, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.ijft.2021.100131
Ouzaouit, “Three-dimensional simulation of controlled cooling of electronic component by natural and mixed convection,” Thermal Science, vol. 25, no. 4 Part A, pp. 2565–2577, 2021, doi: 10.2298/TSCI190508181B

Materials and methods Study site.Harbin is located in southern Heilongjiang, on the southeastern edge of the Songnen Plain.
Journal of Mountain Research, Vol.19(5), pp. 436-445, (2001)
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, Vol.16(5), pp. 31-34, (2002)
Science of Soil and Water Conservation, Vol. 2(2), pp.35-40, (2004)
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, Vol.18(5), pp. 74-79, (2004)

Materials and Methods Experimental Materials.
Acknowledgements National Natural Science Foundation(31070544）；Post-doctoral Science Fund（LBH-Z07251）；Key project of Department of Communications of Heilongjiang province funded.
Jilin Forestry Science and Technology.
[5]A.Z.Ren,Y.B.Gao and S.Liu:Effect of Cr, Pb and Cd on Physiological-Biochemical Indexes of vegetable leaves.Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology.

The bushing is made of non-metallic materials, and the outer wall is inlaid with several pairs of metal annular electrodes to form a ring capacitor structure.
Finite Element Model Based on Hybrid-Trefftz Algorithm The electric field coupling intensity between electrodes is closely related to the dielectric properties of the materials around the electrodes.
IET Science Measurement & Technology, 2017, 11(1): 63- 66
IEEE Sensors Journal, 2013, 14(1):68-78
Measurement Science and Technology, 2015,26(6)

Machining technology inside the hydraulic cylinder In Figure 1, there is a medium-sized hydraulic oil cylinder of engineering machinery with 45 steel, hot-rolled seamless pipe material, cylinder diameter of ¢ 100mm H8-H9, length of 1030mm, surface roughness degree of Ra0.4μm, circular degree of 0.025mm and 0.05mm of verticality from flanged end face to inner bore as requested.
Workpiece requirements: If the workpiece’s hardness is too low, and the mechanical properties are also poor, which can not achieve the desired rolling effect, hardness of the material should not be less than 140HB before rolling process; and after the rolling, the hardness starts from 280HB, the rolling effect is decreased significantly.
And GCr15 material is optional to the roller, with heat treatment and quenching hardness of 62 ~ 65HRC[5], dimension of Φ13 × 20, Ra <0.2; and there is an arc grinded in the roller tip with R = 2 mm.
Acknowledgement： This work was supported by Science Research Funds(Grant No.
Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology(Natural Sciences Edition), 5(2010), p. 119-121

Based on the experimental formula of grinding power [5] 1000 KlZC � c 7.0 �= (3) where C� is grinding power coefficient related to the contact area and other grinding conditions, Z is the material removal volume per minute, lc is the contact length between wheel and workpiece, K is the hardness coefficient of wheel.
Acknowledgments This research was financially supported by the Science and Technology Foundation of Liaoning Province of China under granted No. 20072030 and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under granted No. 50775032.
Cai: Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 42 (2006) No.11, pp.197-201
Cai: Advanced Materials Research, Vols.24-25 (2007), pp.97-102
Tan: Microcosmic Investigation on Metal Cutting (Shanghai Science and Technology Press, China 1988).

Introduction In recent years, along with unceasing enlargement of footbridge span, increasingly use of the new light materials ,as well as the people’s pursue of urban landscape and the bridge esthetics, the footbridges’ section and its type become more and more dexterous and artistic.
For example, increases material and so on.
This can form the material waste, and is uneconomical.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by national natural science foundation of china (No.51108033), Shaanxi natural science foundation (2012JQ7014) and central university basic research foundation (CHD2012ZD006).
References [1] CJJ69-95 Technical Specifications of Urban Pedestrian Overcrossing and Underpass (China Architecture and Building Press, Beijing1996) [2] CEB-FIP model code, International federation for prestressing [3] Limin Sun, Xingfei Yan : Journal of Tongji University, Natural Science Vol. 32 (2004) No.2, p. 996-999.

Preparation of Cement Water-reducer by Sulfonation Modifying of Wheat Straw hydroxymethyl Ethanol Lignin Jinbao Li a, Meiyun Zhang b, Huijuan Xiu c and Jianwu Caod College of Papermaking Engineering in Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China, 710021 a ljb952@163.com, b zhangmeiyun@sust.edu.cn, cxiuhuijuan@sust.edu.cn, dCaojianwu@sust.edu.cn Key words: wheat straw ethanol lignin; modification; cement water-reducer Abstract.
In recent years, decomposing straw materials pollution-free, separating and yielding high added value cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose etc. biomass components have become new thought to exploit renewable resources, develop circular economy, and keep sustainable development.
Experimental Materials.
Acknowledgements This research was funded by Shaanxi "13115" major scientific and technological innovation Program (2008ZDKG-43), Key Laboratory Program of Shaanxi Education Department (09JS054) and Nature Fund Program in Shaanxi University of Science & Technology (ZX09-01).
Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2007,106: 630-636

Introduction With the development of science and technology, many new materials, process, and new techniques are emerging continuously; the update cycle of products is shortened increasingly.
Industrial design is to give the product to material, structure, shape, color, surface processing and other decorative features, thereby obtaining new quality and performance.
The material, size and cross section shape etc. of parts can be further identified through the analysis of structures/thermodynamic in addition.
The parametric design of straight tooth cylindrical gear, based on PRO/E [J] Journal of Jiamusi University (Natural Science Edition), 2010, 28 (3): 400-402
Beijing: Science Press, 2010, 25-33.