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Online since: June 2013
Authors: Jun Li, Wei Wei Li
Real-time curve of some parameters about primary frequency regulation in the load-reduction process Test data of some parameters about primary frequency regulation in the load-reduction process is shown in Table 1.
Test data of some parameters about primary frequency regulation in the load-reduction process Parameter Before Experiment 3 Seconds After Disturbance 15 Seconds After Disturbance 30 Seconds After Disturbance Unit Speed Deviation (n-n0) -2 14 14 14 rpm Unit Load 253.127 250.979 230.212 221.644 MW Valuve Stroke 17.564 15.819 15.716 15.460 % Main Steam Pressure 16.450 16.608 16.827 17.030 MPa Main Steam Temperature 539.329 539.329 539.329 539.559 ℃ Drum Water Level -17.257 -20.974 -46.041 -73.121 mm Furnace Draft -92.511 -69.909 -84.749 -132.939 Pa Condenser Vacuum 94.927 94.927 94.927 95.034 kpa Table 2.
Result of performance index calculation about primary frequency regulation in the load-reduction process Time (s) Speed Deviation (rpm) Frequency Deviation (Hz) Unit Load (MW) Change of Load (MW) 0 -2 -0.033 253.127 0 3 14 0.233 250.979 2.148>0 15 14 0.233 230.212 22.915>ΔP*75% 30 14 0.233 225.644 27.483>ΔP*90% From Fig.5 and Table 1 and Table 2, we can conclude that both static and dynamic index or amplitude of load change are meet the performance requirements in the action process of PFC.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Kai Liu
Introduction Reduction, fixation and rehabilitation are the 3 major principles of fracture treatment.
From a large number of data, the use of artificial biomaterials intervention after bone injury healing and rehabilitation means is also increasingly mature and diversified.
The 3 major principles of fracture treatment are reduction, fixation and rehabilitation.
And in which the early accurate reduction, fracture healing process is the necessary conditions for smooth.
It is accumulating a large number of data and experience for treatment and rehabilitation of the bone injury.
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Cahide Aydın Ipekci, Saniye Karaman Öztaş
These are a significant reduction of energy use in industry because of being energy intensive sectors and provision of energy efficiency in buildings.
According to Treloar et al., the countries in the studies differ from one another in not only geographic and climatic characteristics, but also in raw material quality, production processes, economic data, processes of delivered energy generation, transport distances, energy use (fuel) in transport, and labor.
Energy and Building Materials Sector in Turkey According to data from the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources in 2009, 91% of the primary energy is supplied from fossil fuels, 9% of the primary energy from hydro and renewable sources.
The works are done about alternative fuel use, solid waste reduction and reduction of gas emission.
Thus, both the waste gas reduction and savings from resource use for heating purposes are provided.
Online since: May 2016
Authors: Ivailo Terzijski, Lukáš Zvolánek, Jaroslav Kadlec, Miroslav Kratochvíl
With respect to reducing of residual stresses due to shrinkage we proposed the alternative micro-concrete CM2 with content shrinkage reduction admixture (SRA).
For this concrete was applied the same shrinkage reduction admixture as in case of CM2.
Measured data were continually recorded by data acquisition system under laboratory conditions.
Magnitude of shrinkage CM2 confirmed the favorable effect of shrinkage reduction admixtures.
Fig. 9 Hypothetical stress due to shrinkage Discussion Favorable effect of shrinkage reduction admixture is evident when the shrinkage development is compared between CM1 and CM2.
Online since: August 2009
Authors: Yan Sheng Yin, Shou Gang Chen, Xue Ting Chang
When immerged for 1 day, the medium was with a high level of oxygen, aerobic bacteria produced acid through the oxidation-reduction reaction and released acid material, so that the pH value sharply lowered.
There was only one time constant in impedance spectra after immerged for 10-20 days, which indicated that although corrosive medium induced the electric double layer capacitance aggrandizement and polarization resistance reduction of passivating film, the passivating film was still complete.
The equivalent circuit diagram achieved from data fitting was accord with impedance analysis results.
Potentiodynamic polarization curves In Fig.4(a), it is shown that when there wasn't bacteria, the microbiological corrosion resistance of Fe3Al / ZrO2 composite with 20% (wt %) Fe3Al was the best for more ZrO2 content and enough 30% 60% 80% 90% Rt(kOhm) 37.81 2619 662.3 33.25 Cd 949.2nf 1.39uf 1.03uf 2.6uf (m) 679.5 587 809.5 481.3 Ra(Ohm) 1876 221.8 387.1 -- Cf(Nf) 76.46 88.12 17.75 -- (m) 300.1 393.7 380.1 -- Rs(Ohm) 50.58 31.27 83.51 83.71 Table.1 Data fitting of the equivalent circuits Fe3Al to form passivating film.
Corrosive medium induced the electric double layer capacitance aggrandizement and polarization resistance reduction and finally partly dissolved the passivating film.
Online since: April 2012
Authors: J.P.M. Miguens, W.C. Souza, H.L. Corrêa, M.A.G. Figueiredo
Searching the environmental impacts reduction generated by the disposal of drilling mud, many studies seek their reuse, e.g. drilling chips like loads for composition of asphalt roads and cements, after specific treatments.
The data suggest that the thermal treatment associated to acidic washing contributed to the increase in surface area, being more appropriate the conditions that lead to the calcination of solid material under a temperature of 450°C.
Note, also, considerable reduction of aluminium and iron, whose cations are a constituent part of the octahedral structure of the clay [7].
The data reveal that the clay extracted from the drilling process showed a greater capacity of nitrogen removal than the unused clay, in a total quantity exceeding the 20%.
The treatment conditions contributed to reduction of Ca2+ cations, besides to increase the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio, evidencing the aluminium cation extraction from the clay structure and allowing a greater number of pores generated.
Online since: June 2011
Authors: Hee Sung Yoon, Yool Kwon Oh, Ho Dong Yang
As shown in Fig. 3, experimental apparatus for measuring temperature consisted of the T-type thermocouples, data acquisition unit and PC.
And the data was saved every second by PC through the DAQ100.
Averaged temperature after 120 sec (°C) Without piezoelectric actuator With piezoelectric actuator Reduction of the temperature difference Reduction of the temperature difference as the percentage of the temperature difference from without piezoelectric actuator Point 1 14.4 11.8 2.6 18.06% Point 2 9.7 9.8 -0.1 -1.03% Point 3 13.9 11.3 2.6 18.71% Average 12.7 11 1.7 13.39% Accordingly, the result shows that temperature distribution of cooling region was regularly formed by piezoelectric actuator.
The averaged temperature of cooling region is found to be 11°C, and the averaged temperature drop is 1.7°C, which means a 13.39% reduction compared to the case with piezoelectric actuator.
Conclusions When the temperature results without and with piezoelectric actuator were compared, the averaged temperature to the case with piezoelectric actuator was lower than the case without piezoelectric actuator as about 1.7°C, which means a 13.39% reduction of the averaged temperature.
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Guo Jian Cheng, Ya Juan Tian, Ye Liu, Zhe Wang
As the dimension of original data is reduced by PCA, ANFIS can be applied for training and testing the new data proposed by this paper.
Experimental results Experiment first uses PCA for the dimensionality reduction of the statistical data on the water injection, then ANFIS is applied to train and test the new data, and finally to do the analysis and comparison of the experimental results.
Experimental process Data acquisition and PCA processing.
Then, to process the 116 samples data with PCA by the function princomp in MATLAB, the cumulative contribution rate of principal components(PC) in the samples data is shown in figure 3.
The structure of ANFIS model is 7-21-7-7-1, whose training data is the same with the data of PCA-ANFIS, training the ANFIS model for 100 epochs, then the model trained is used to test the testing data and the results are shown in figure 7.
Online since: January 2024
Authors: Mahmoud Haggag, Ahmed Hassan, Usman Masood, Mohammad Laghari
The sensors were connected to a data logger to store and retrieve the data.
Fig. 8a illustrates the computed heat released to interior space with and without using a PCM-based pre-cooling system for three consecutive days using UAE temperature data, and Fig. 8b displays the associated decrease in released heat by percentage.
The results showed that by including a PCM-based pre-cooling system, the intake air temperature has been lowered, and the total heat has been decreased from an average of 1000KW to roughly 650KW, resulting in a daily reduction of 16% and a day-time reduction of 14%.
AC cooling system capacity reduction by integrating the PCM in the pre-cooling system at a velocity rate of 4 m/s in the UAE hot condition.
The percentage reduction in heat emission as a function of velocity is shown in Fig. 12.
Online since: May 2010
Authors: Chun Lai Chai
Following is what they do on Web Data Mining.
Following is what they do on Web Data Mining.
All these have prompted the need for intelligent data analysis methodologies, which could discover useful knowledge from data.
The additional steps in the KDD process, such as data preparation, data selection, data cleaning, incorporation of appropriate prior knowledge, and proper interpretation of the results of mining, ensures that useful knowledge is derived from the data.
Dimensionality reduction using genetic algorithm.
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