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Online since: April 2018
Authors: Raluca Malciu, Madalina Calbureanu, Diana Mara Calbureanu
Assessment categories and parameters
COMFORT:
ENERGY:
ENVIRONMENT:
- Daylight
- Thermal Comfort
- Quality of air
- Energy demand
- Renewable energy
- Primary Energy
- Environmental impact
- Water consumption
- Building Sustainability
Each of the mentioned nine quantitative parameters split into four levels of performance (1 - 4), where 1 represents the highest performance.
Quantitative criteria for ENVIRONMENT category Environmental loads Freshwater consumption Sustainable construction - Building’s primary energy consumption during entire cycle 1. < -150 kWh/m2 x year 2. < 15 kWh/m2 x year 3. < 150 kWh/m2 x year 4. < 200 kWh/m2 x year - Minimization of freshwater consumption during building use Calculation is based on the national average water consumption per building per year 1.
The house radar can be easily understood by everybody – professionals or non-professionals – and the conclusions related to projecting, designing and managing the resources and the automatization of the installations can be directory lines for the improving the quality of the buildings.
Quantitative criteria for ENVIRONMENT category Environmental loads Freshwater consumption Sustainable construction - Building’s primary energy consumption during entire cycle 1. < -150 kWh/m2 x year 2. < 15 kWh/m2 x year 3. < 150 kWh/m2 x year 4. < 200 kWh/m2 x year - Minimization of freshwater consumption during building use Calculation is based on the national average water consumption per building per year 1.
The house radar can be easily understood by everybody – professionals or non-professionals – and the conclusions related to projecting, designing and managing the resources and the automatization of the installations can be directory lines for the improving the quality of the buildings.
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Rong Yue Zheng, Xu Huang, Li Jia Wang
Templates, construction site water consumption and the likes to be reused, thus reducing construction resources.
Such as the Olympic Village with floor planning and materials management information system; South to North Water Transfer Project; the Hong Kong subway project; Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium; Shanghai World Expo China Pavilion; Shanghai GM-corporate pavilion in the design, construction, operation stage have used BIM technology.
When the construction schedule prepared is unreasonable, there will be non-normal sequence of construction, a blind rush to finish certain parts, and various professional construction interfaces all happening at once.
According to the 2011 China Construction BIM applications research report shows that 39% of the respondents in the project using BIM technology, 64% of users are on the design side. [9], but few understand the BIM in the design institute, building design professionals are also involved in a number of foreign large-scale construction projects have contact with but limited contact, and to truly master BIM essence are far and few.
Through this type of management model a variety of techniques are to use so that the team’s knowledge and experience may make contributions early on in the project, and can thus allow for the construction project on whole achieve its max life cycle.Therefore, IPD is the maximum of BIM value in project management implementation mode: BIM is an integrated database from a range of information using three-dimensional projects of geometry, physics, performance, spatial relationships, and professional rules that are combined into a database, that can assist project participants from the project concept stage various types of modeling projects in support of the BIM model, analysis, and simulation work to improve the scientific decision-making. [10] IPD advantage is obvious, but to truly implement, the challenge is enormous, as these challenges include technical, administrative, legal, and cultural fronts, its thus has a long road ahead of it.
Such as the Olympic Village with floor planning and materials management information system; South to North Water Transfer Project; the Hong Kong subway project; Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium; Shanghai World Expo China Pavilion; Shanghai GM-corporate pavilion in the design, construction, operation stage have used BIM technology.
When the construction schedule prepared is unreasonable, there will be non-normal sequence of construction, a blind rush to finish certain parts, and various professional construction interfaces all happening at once.
According to the 2011 China Construction BIM applications research report shows that 39% of the respondents in the project using BIM technology, 64% of users are on the design side. [9], but few understand the BIM in the design institute, building design professionals are also involved in a number of foreign large-scale construction projects have contact with but limited contact, and to truly master BIM essence are far and few.
Through this type of management model a variety of techniques are to use so that the team’s knowledge and experience may make contributions early on in the project, and can thus allow for the construction project on whole achieve its max life cycle.Therefore, IPD is the maximum of BIM value in project management implementation mode: BIM is an integrated database from a range of information using three-dimensional projects of geometry, physics, performance, spatial relationships, and professional rules that are combined into a database, that can assist project participants from the project concept stage various types of modeling projects in support of the BIM model, analysis, and simulation work to improve the scientific decision-making. [10] IPD advantage is obvious, but to truly implement, the challenge is enormous, as these challenges include technical, administrative, legal, and cultural fronts, its thus has a long road ahead of it.
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Da Peng Huang, Yu Qi Kan, Shao Jun Zhang
Standards and specifications requirement for the NI mechanical parts material
At present, amount the nuclear power plant, including the operating , construction and proposed ones, besides the dominant pressurized water reactor(PWR), the other reactors, such as boiling water reactors, heavy water reactors, supercritical water reactor, high temperature gas cooled reactor, are also under developing.
Supercritical water reactor and high temperature gas cooled reactor adopt high temperature material and the material type adopted in the Russian reactor is according to their own specification.
In the past, the common supplier can’t supply French brand material, except the original professional manufacturers with own smelting.
For individual specifications, small quantities of nuclear material, one can find must have professional scientific research strength of small enterprises to do, on the other hand, you can also find a large iron and steel enterprises in industrial mass production, and then through the establishment of material reserve system and meet the corresponding standards of material inventory, so as to achieve a production, many times the purpose of using.
The pressurized water reactor nuclear power station nuclear island main equipment and materials and welding of [M].
Supercritical water reactor and high temperature gas cooled reactor adopt high temperature material and the material type adopted in the Russian reactor is according to their own specification.
In the past, the common supplier can’t supply French brand material, except the original professional manufacturers with own smelting.
For individual specifications, small quantities of nuclear material, one can find must have professional scientific research strength of small enterprises to do, on the other hand, you can also find a large iron and steel enterprises in industrial mass production, and then through the establishment of material reserve system and meet the corresponding standards of material inventory, so as to achieve a production, many times the purpose of using.
The pressurized water reactor nuclear power station nuclear island main equipment and materials and welding of [M].
Online since: September 2019
The topics that will be presented in this Volume will be going to the encounter of a variety of scientific and engineering disciplines, such as chemical, civil, agricultural, mechanical engineering, etc…The book is divided 10 chapters that intend to be a resume of the current state of knowledge for benefit of professional colleagues, scientists, students, practitioners, lecturers and other interested parties to network.
In Chapter 4, Fernandes Magalhães et al. provide a numerical study of the water/oil separation process through the tubular ceramic membrane.
In Chapter 5, Oliveira et al. present a numerical study of the flow of oil and water in cylindrical ducts with an elliptical cross-section by using the Ansys CFX software.
Results of the velocity, pressure and volumetric fraction distributions of the oil and water phases are presented and analyzed.
This is followed by Chapter 6, by Verusca de Oliveira Lopes et al. who present an analysis of the performance of a concentrating hydrocyclone in the separation of ore and water by CFD.
In Chapter 4, Fernandes Magalhães et al. provide a numerical study of the water/oil separation process through the tubular ceramic membrane.
In Chapter 5, Oliveira et al. present a numerical study of the flow of oil and water in cylindrical ducts with an elliptical cross-section by using the Ansys CFX software.
Results of the velocity, pressure and volumetric fraction distributions of the oil and water phases are presented and analyzed.
This is followed by Chapter 6, by Verusca de Oliveira Lopes et al. who present an analysis of the performance of a concentrating hydrocyclone in the separation of ore and water by CFD.
Online since: January 2015
Authors: Viktor S. Skuridin, Elena S. Stasyuk, Vladimir L. Sadkin, Natalya V. Varlamova, Evgeny A. Nesterov, Alexander S. Rogov
Introduction
Over the recent years, biologists, physicists and health professionals have increasingly focused their attention on the development and application of nanopharmaeuticals in medicine.
A very bright example of nanocapsule carrier is a liposome, which is a closed water bubble surrounded by one or two layers of phospholipids.
The technique of nanocolloid preparation includes the following stages. 2 ml of water for injections is added to vial B.
Vial A is then placed in a boiling water bath for 15-30 minutes and after that it is cooled under cold running water.
The resulting mixture is heated in a boiling water bath (70-80 ºС) for 30 min and then cooled to room temperature.
A very bright example of nanocapsule carrier is a liposome, which is a closed water bubble surrounded by one or two layers of phospholipids.
The technique of nanocolloid preparation includes the following stages. 2 ml of water for injections is added to vial B.
Vial A is then placed in a boiling water bath for 15-30 minutes and after that it is cooled under cold running water.
The resulting mixture is heated in a boiling water bath (70-80 ºС) for 30 min and then cooled to room temperature.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Guang Dao Bao, Xue Wei Wu, Sheng Wei Jiang, Chang Zhai, Wei Wei Jia
Focuses on the geological environment indicators of the establishment and use of AHP to determine factor weights, introduced the system development the overall design concept, the system's basic composition and structure, the system of professional modules, system function, and use experimental regional data to test the system.
It includes two levels: ① element layer, the regional geological setting, resource damage, geological hazards and environmental pollution factor 4; ② index layer, that is, each element including a number of indicators, including mine geological environment back ground conditions, index layer were Selected conditions, including topography, land pressure account for damage, landslides, water pollution, 20 indicators, as the framework of quality evaluation system (Table 1): Table 1: Evaluation indicators of mineral environmental assessment Element layer Background conditions of geological environment Geological Hazards Resource damage Environmental Pollution Index level Landscape condition Collapse Total destruction of the land pressure Water pollution Distribution of geological disasters Landslide Mineral resources Soil pollution Land use Debris flow Water damage Vegetation contamination Vegetation Distribution Ground subsidence Destruction of vegetation resources Average annual rainfall
According to the geological environment evaluation system needs, this system required the following data: the study area based on spatial data, remote sensing image data in the study area, and professional environmental data (soil, water, environmental samples for laboratory test data).
Use GIS for geological environment evaluation, and make full use of its spatial overlay analysis features, will affect the mine geological environment issues, including subsidence, ground subsidence and other geologic hazards and land use and destruction, and other indicators of water damage and single-factor analysis in the computer Stored as a layer, the application of geographic information system (GIS) layers overlay analysis features, combined with the evaluation of this model and determine the index weight calculation method, all layers overlay to generate new regional and layer on new Layers within the property sheet in accordance with its corresponding attribute value classification, the final comprehensive assessment of geological environment by mining district map, the principle shown in Fig 2.
It includes two levels: ① element layer, the regional geological setting, resource damage, geological hazards and environmental pollution factor 4; ② index layer, that is, each element including a number of indicators, including mine geological environment back ground conditions, index layer were Selected conditions, including topography, land pressure account for damage, landslides, water pollution, 20 indicators, as the framework of quality evaluation system (Table 1): Table 1: Evaluation indicators of mineral environmental assessment Element layer Background conditions of geological environment Geological Hazards Resource damage Environmental Pollution Index level Landscape condition Collapse Total destruction of the land pressure Water pollution Distribution of geological disasters Landslide Mineral resources Soil pollution Land use Debris flow Water damage Vegetation contamination Vegetation Distribution Ground subsidence Destruction of vegetation resources Average annual rainfall
According to the geological environment evaluation system needs, this system required the following data: the study area based on spatial data, remote sensing image data in the study area, and professional environmental data (soil, water, environmental samples for laboratory test data).
Use GIS for geological environment evaluation, and make full use of its spatial overlay analysis features, will affect the mine geological environment issues, including subsidence, ground subsidence and other geologic hazards and land use and destruction, and other indicators of water damage and single-factor analysis in the computer Stored as a layer, the application of geographic information system (GIS) layers overlay analysis features, combined with the evaluation of this model and determine the index weight calculation method, all layers overlay to generate new regional and layer on new Layers within the property sheet in accordance with its corresponding attribute value classification, the final comprehensive assessment of geological environment by mining district map, the principle shown in Fig 2.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Hui Xing, Shu Lin Duan, Ying Xin Wang, Zhan Hua Wu
Due to the constraints of small nacelle space and poor accessibility, appropriate and professional repair work is extremely difficult for maintenance staff and the quality of maintenance work is difficult to be guaranteed.
Once the fire extinguishing system is triggered, ventilators and fire dampers in ventilation ducts in protection zone automatically shutoff, water sprinkler and water spray extinguishing systems are mainly used for the protection of the tower structure, equipment and the safety of life.
In more developed wind power technology countries, a number of professional security companies has proposed a variety of fire protection solutions for wind turbine.
Fine water spray nozzles, specially designed to use the minimum amount of water to get the maximum extinguishing effect, were installed on the key parts of the wind turbines, such as main bearings, gearbox, brake system and generator, etc.
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, 2011, 42(2):86-89.
Once the fire extinguishing system is triggered, ventilators and fire dampers in ventilation ducts in protection zone automatically shutoff, water sprinkler and water spray extinguishing systems are mainly used for the protection of the tower structure, equipment and the safety of life.
In more developed wind power technology countries, a number of professional security companies has proposed a variety of fire protection solutions for wind turbine.
Fine water spray nozzles, specially designed to use the minimum amount of water to get the maximum extinguishing effect, were installed on the key parts of the wind turbines, such as main bearings, gearbox, brake system and generator, etc.
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, 2011, 42(2):86-89.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Li Jun Wang, Qiang Guo Duan
(3)Professional.
Selecting index should consider above all of the reservoir engineering professional characteristics, in this premise to use systems engineering methods to select index
Index comprehensive screening method in high water cut oilfield development effect evaluation [J].
BD block development effect evaluation of high water cut stage[D].
High pour point oil of water flooding development effect in fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of Shen 84 block [J].
Selecting index should consider above all of the reservoir engineering professional characteristics, in this premise to use systems engineering methods to select index
Index comprehensive screening method in high water cut oilfield development effect evaluation [J].
BD block development effect evaluation of high water cut stage[D].
High pour point oil of water flooding development effect in fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of Shen 84 block [J].
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Jana Kukutschová, Darja Kubečková, Veronika Kučeriková, Hana Doležalová
Analysis procedure was the following
Water extract from the taken plaster was made and subsequently observed by means of transmission light microscope.
The sample was place in the eppendorf (Eppendorf) and supplemented with deionized water for the volume 1 ml.
From such a modified sample 10 µl of water extract were taken.
Owning to this more water accumulates in lower floors, that is greater humidity and so better living conditions for the growth of algae and fungi.
It is necessary to cooperate with professionals on sciences, such as phycology, (the study of algae), microbiology, bionanotechnology so that we could deal with the issues of biotic infestation of frontages and to apply advanced laboratory methods detecting their presence and growth.
The sample was place in the eppendorf (Eppendorf) and supplemented with deionized water for the volume 1 ml.
From such a modified sample 10 µl of water extract were taken.
Owning to this more water accumulates in lower floors, that is greater humidity and so better living conditions for the growth of algae and fungi.
It is necessary to cooperate with professionals on sciences, such as phycology, (the study of algae), microbiology, bionanotechnology so that we could deal with the issues of biotic infestation of frontages and to apply advanced laboratory methods detecting their presence and growth.
Online since: November 2003
Authors: Hong Dae Shin, Hyun Ku Joo
This can explain why system with photocatalyst suspended in water or fluidized in air has
shown the higher efficiency than immobilized one.
Besides, relatively poor initial design even worsened its performance so that some environmental professionals concluded that photocatalytic system had inherent disadvantages.
As a pretreatment step, dipping POF in acetone, followed by washing off remained residue with distilled water was conducted.
TiO2 suspension (5 wt%, pH 4.5) in purified water (Milli-Q, 18M� ) was prepared and dispersed sonically.
This reactor is with both solar concentrator to increase light intensity and water filter to prevent POF from melting (light guided reactor in Fig. 4).
Besides, relatively poor initial design even worsened its performance so that some environmental professionals concluded that photocatalytic system had inherent disadvantages.
As a pretreatment step, dipping POF in acetone, followed by washing off remained residue with distilled water was conducted.
TiO2 suspension (5 wt%, pH 4.5) in purified water (Milli-Q, 18M� ) was prepared and dispersed sonically.
This reactor is with both solar concentrator to increase light intensity and water filter to prevent POF from melting (light guided reactor in Fig. 4).