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Online since: May 2015
Authors: Noraidah Blar, Zamberi Jamaludin, Fairul Azni Jafar, Syahril Anuar Idris
Haniff, using shape data to inspect defects on a glue process [8].
Din [9], in his research on data quality for offshore pipeline assessment, discussed noise and data lost during acquisition and transfer.
By understanding ‘what data to be extracted’, proper tools are used.
After the data extraction process is done, the image data is processed to obtain the value for the corrosion analysis.
The challenges are uncontrolled inspection environment, quality of the image and validation of proposed inspection data with the present inspection data.
Din [9], in his research on data quality for offshore pipeline assessment, discussed noise and data lost during acquisition and transfer.
By understanding ‘what data to be extracted’, proper tools are used.
After the data extraction process is done, the image data is processed to obtain the value for the corrosion analysis.
The challenges are uncontrolled inspection environment, quality of the image and validation of proposed inspection data with the present inspection data.
Online since: October 2015
Authors: S. Nallusamy, S. Muthamizhmaran
Data analysis result shows that the number of process can be reduce to 5 from 7.
Observation and collecting data is needed.
The complete field data collection will be taken before it will be used for data analysis.
Then the result from the data testing will be determined whether the result can be used or not and if there are any incomplete data, again the data collection will be executed until it fulfills the objective requirement.
Data Analysis: After all data was collected, analyse the data thoroughly for each work process based on systematic observation and the process chart, which recorded all the relevant facts about the work process.
Observation and collecting data is needed.
The complete field data collection will be taken before it will be used for data analysis.
Then the result from the data testing will be determined whether the result can be used or not and if there are any incomplete data, again the data collection will be executed until it fulfills the objective requirement.
Data Analysis: After all data was collected, analyse the data thoroughly for each work process based on systematic observation and the process chart, which recorded all the relevant facts about the work process.
Online since: April 2008
Authors: Liang Zuo, Q.W. Jiang, Y. Ren, Yan Dong Liu, He Tong, Yan Dong Wang, G. Wang, X. Zhao
In-situ annealing process of cold-rolled IF
steel with 80% reduction was observed using high-energy X-ray diffraction.
In our study, the cold-rolling IF steel with 80% reduction was annealed in situ in the furnace mounted on the sample stage between monochromator and two-dimensional detector.
IF steel sheet was cold rolled to 80% reduction and the thickness is 0.7mm.
The intensity was obtained from raw data by integrating the detector channels along the radial direction.
In our study, the cold-rolling IF steel with 80% reduction was annealed in situ in the furnace mounted on the sample stage between monochromator and two-dimensional detector.
IF steel sheet was cold rolled to 80% reduction and the thickness is 0.7mm.
The intensity was obtained from raw data by integrating the detector channels along the radial direction.
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Wang Zhen
Shaanxi province as a national low carbon pilot provinces, in order to create the national low carbon demonstration province, in the "Shaanxi province twelfth five-yea "comprehensive energy reduction program of work" put forward building field to form energy-saving capacity of 2 million tce, realizing the public building energy consumption per unit area decreased by 10%, including the large public buildings energy consumption reduced by 15%.In order to make Shaanxi energy related departments better carry out the construction of energy-saving emission reduction work from a macro perspective, this paper combines the practical situation of Shaanxi Province, studies the macro factors which impact on the civil buildings energy consumption in Shaanxi Province.
Data sources and processing In this paper, The data comes from "China Energy Statistics Yearbook" (2000-2013), "Chinese Statistical Yearbook" (2000-21013), "Chinese fixed assets Statistics Yearbook" (2000-2013) "Shaanxi province statistical yearbook " (2000-2013).All the data is shown in table1.
Ridge regression Ridge regression is a kind of special biased estimation regression method for multicollinearity data analysis, essentially it is a modified least square estimation method, it giving up the unbiasedness of least squares, at the expense of losing some information and precision to getting a more practical and more reliable regression coefficient , fitting the pathological data than the least squares .
Based on the above analysis, this paper puts forward the following countermeasures for energy saving: (1) Speed up the development and popularization of building energy conservation and emissions reduction technology .Further improving the new buildings in cities and towns the mandatory building energy saving standards, speed up the energy saving renovation of existing buildings
Data sources and processing In this paper, The data comes from "China Energy Statistics Yearbook" (2000-2013), "Chinese Statistical Yearbook" (2000-21013), "Chinese fixed assets Statistics Yearbook" (2000-2013) "Shaanxi province statistical yearbook " (2000-2013).All the data is shown in table1.
Ridge regression Ridge regression is a kind of special biased estimation regression method for multicollinearity data analysis, essentially it is a modified least square estimation method, it giving up the unbiasedness of least squares, at the expense of losing some information and precision to getting a more practical and more reliable regression coefficient , fitting the pathological data than the least squares .
Based on the above analysis, this paper puts forward the following countermeasures for energy saving: (1) Speed up the development and popularization of building energy conservation and emissions reduction technology .Further improving the new buildings in cities and towns the mandatory building energy saving standards, speed up the energy saving renovation of existing buildings
Online since: December 2011
Authors: Xiao Min Xue, Xiao Hong Wu, Qing Sun, Ling Zhang
Since the entire control process involves measuring response data, computing control forces, transmitting data and signals to actuators, etc., a time-delay in applying control forces to the structure cannot be avoided.
In the engineering practice, signal acquisition and processing both adopt disperse point data, and therefore continuous-time form expression must be converted into standard discrete form for the convenience of analyzing a system on a digital computer or using digital controller.
They are Objective 1:and (9) Objective 2: (10) where and respectively represent the th floor displacement and acceleration peak response at time data point , andare weights of displacement and acceleration responses respectively, is the story drift from the th to th floor at the time data point , and is the maximum displacement peak responses in all stories.
Being different from LQR, GA controller insures the stability of the controlled structures as well as the desired reduction in the maximum response.
Next assuming time delay is 0.1s, peak response reduction become 43.97%.58.46%.64.47%.63.25%.60.62%.57.93%.54.66%.54.98% respectively.
In the engineering practice, signal acquisition and processing both adopt disperse point data, and therefore continuous-time form expression must be converted into standard discrete form for the convenience of analyzing a system on a digital computer or using digital controller.
They are Objective 1:and (9) Objective 2: (10) where and respectively represent the th floor displacement and acceleration peak response at time data point , andare weights of displacement and acceleration responses respectively, is the story drift from the th to th floor at the time data point , and is the maximum displacement peak responses in all stories.
Being different from LQR, GA controller insures the stability of the controlled structures as well as the desired reduction in the maximum response.
Next assuming time delay is 0.1s, peak response reduction become 43.97%.58.46%.64.47%.63.25%.60.62%.57.93%.54.66%.54.98% respectively.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Liang Chi Zhang, H.H. Ruan
The result shows that with the reduction of temperature, the overall viscosity changes from the harmonic mean of the subsystems, which is dominated by the fast relaxations, to the arithmetic mean governed by the slowest relaxation.
The success of AG law is because (i) it can reduce to other fitting equations, e.g., the classical Vogel-Fulchner-Tamman (VFT) law [6] or more recently Mauro et al.’s equation [7]; and (ii) it provides an elegant interpretation of viscosity variation – the reduction of viscosity of a material is due to the increasing number of stable configurations it can switch.
It is shown that the analytical result fits the experimental data when the energy barrier is between 1.1~1.2 eV.
The success of AG law is because (i) it can reduce to other fitting equations, e.g., the classical Vogel-Fulchner-Tamman (VFT) law [6] or more recently Mauro et al.’s equation [7]; and (ii) it provides an elegant interpretation of viscosity variation – the reduction of viscosity of a material is due to the increasing number of stable configurations it can switch.
It is shown that the analytical result fits the experimental data when the energy barrier is between 1.1~1.2 eV.
Online since: November 2010
Authors: Ai Hong Bi, Jin Hua Zhu
The precursor doped with W6+ and Mo6+ ionic was prepared using oxalic acid as reduction acid, V2O5 as vanadium source, (NH4)6W7O24·6H2O and (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O as doped sources.
So, it can be used in different areas, such as temperature sensing devices[4], optical switching devices[5-6], modulator and polarizer of submillimeter wave radiation[7], optical data storage medium[8], variable reflectance mirrors[9] and energy efficiency windows[10] and so on.
The fifth mass loss located near 440.7 oC which corresponding to the 441.7 oC in the DSC curve with the mass loss of 0.86%, this exothermic peak could be judged to a reduction process which the reducing CO gas generated VO2 to form other vanadium oxides.
So, it can be used in different areas, such as temperature sensing devices[4], optical switching devices[5-6], modulator and polarizer of submillimeter wave radiation[7], optical data storage medium[8], variable reflectance mirrors[9] and energy efficiency windows[10] and so on.
The fifth mass loss located near 440.7 oC which corresponding to the 441.7 oC in the DSC curve with the mass loss of 0.86%, this exothermic peak could be judged to a reduction process which the reducing CO gas generated VO2 to form other vanadium oxides.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Zhen Dong, Xin Li Ge, Qiang Zhao, Yang Yang Liu
It concludes that CSP does well in the energy saving and emission reduction, and the unit price per kilowatt and discount rate have direct impacts on the investment cost of CSP.
The data are shown in table 1 and 2[6].
Conclusion Based on the above analysis, CSP does well in the energy saving and emission reduction, and the unit price per kilowatt and discount rate have direct impacts on the investment cost of CSP.
The data are shown in table 1 and 2[6].
Conclusion Based on the above analysis, CSP does well in the energy saving and emission reduction, and the unit price per kilowatt and discount rate have direct impacts on the investment cost of CSP.
Online since: September 2018
Authors: Hichem Farh, Mosbah Zidani, Mokhtar Bayarassou
Wire section reduction shows a change in microstructure and texture.
Table 1 The chemical composition of studied material (aluminum alloy (6101 series) determined by the Laboratory-ENICAB company, Biskra-Algeria (weight %) Al Mg Si Fe Cu 98.46 0.687 0.589 0.211 0.020 2.1 Micrographic study by scanning electron microscope The microstructure of Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy wire for different reduction in thickness by cold-drawing and the chemical composition of the particles observed are made using scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with EDAX (Energy Dispersive X ray microanalysis).
X-Ray Diffraction Analysis The X-ray diffraction pattern of the as received Al-Mg-Si alloy wire is shown in (Figure 3) according to the ASTM data sheet [see annex], the peaks presented corresponding to the cubic face-centered CFC structure of the aluminum matrix, we give results show that the most intense peak is that (111) of the matrix of aluminum, This shows that the grains have a preferred orientation and other peaks of aluminum (200), (311), (220) and (222) with different intensities.
Table 1 The chemical composition of studied material (aluminum alloy (6101 series) determined by the Laboratory-ENICAB company, Biskra-Algeria (weight %) Al Mg Si Fe Cu 98.46 0.687 0.589 0.211 0.020 2.1 Micrographic study by scanning electron microscope The microstructure of Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy wire for different reduction in thickness by cold-drawing and the chemical composition of the particles observed are made using scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with EDAX (Energy Dispersive X ray microanalysis).
X-Ray Diffraction Analysis The X-ray diffraction pattern of the as received Al-Mg-Si alloy wire is shown in (Figure 3) according to the ASTM data sheet [see annex], the peaks presented corresponding to the cubic face-centered CFC structure of the aluminum matrix, we give results show that the most intense peak is that (111) of the matrix of aluminum, This shows that the grains have a preferred orientation and other peaks of aluminum (200), (311), (220) and (222) with different intensities.
Online since: October 2007
Authors: Codruta Pavel, Dana Salomie, Radu Mureşan
From the two
compositions there were prepared samples by conventional route of liquid phase sintering, followed
by thermal treatment in a neutral atmosphere (N2, Ar) and by rotary forging with different reduction
degree.
Experimental part Taking into account the lake of data from the literature regarding the behavior at deformation through rotary forging of AGW, as well as some solicitations for their practical applications, the authors decided to study the behavior at FR of two AGW from the system W-Ni-Fe: 90 %wt.W, 7 %wt.Ni, 3 %wt.Fe and respective, 93 %wt.W, 4,9 %wt.Ni, 2,1 %wt.Fe.
After every passage. corresponding to a certain reduction degree. from the forged bars there were cut off samples for the tensile test and for the metallographic study.
Experimental part Taking into account the lake of data from the literature regarding the behavior at deformation through rotary forging of AGW, as well as some solicitations for their practical applications, the authors decided to study the behavior at FR of two AGW from the system W-Ni-Fe: 90 %wt.W, 7 %wt.Ni, 3 %wt.Fe and respective, 93 %wt.W, 4,9 %wt.Ni, 2,1 %wt.Fe.
After every passage. corresponding to a certain reduction degree. from the forged bars there were cut off samples for the tensile test and for the metallographic study.