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Full scale fatigue testing was up to 1998 not required in the civil regulation of 25.571 amendments.
No specialist of general engineering was available to develop and design the test rig, consequently F+W Emmen had to start itself with the work.
In the ASIP Us Air Force MIL-STD-1530 very detailed engineering actions are specified in each task, see figure 3.
Civil Requirements The first Civil Air Regulations (CAR 4b.316) were published in September 1949.
The airworthiness standards are more strict for military than for the civil certification.

Test on Hybrid Connection for Steel Bars in Concrete Ye Tian 1,a, Peng Feng 1,b, Zhenghai Zhou 2,c, Lieping Ye1,d, and Baolin Wan3,e 1Department of Civil Engineering of Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China 2China Building Technique Group Co., Ltd, Beijing 100013, China 3Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Marquette Univ., Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA atianye10@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn, bfengpeng@tsinghua.edu.cn, cdmldzh@263.net, dylp@tsinghua.edu.cn, ebaolin.wan@marquette.edu Keywords: Hybrid connection, Splice, Steel-concrete Interaction, Double-spot Welding.
The steel bar connection is an important and inevitable work in civil engineering.
The results show that the ultimate load of the new splice is sufficient for the engineering application and the failure model is reasonable.
The hybrid connection could be used in the engineering practice.
l If the welding-overlap splice method is applicated in the practical engineering, lots of economic effectiveness will be created.

The discussion of increasing environmental supervision and protection in engineering Pengzhen LuBinbin FengJiayan Fu (College of Architecture & Civil engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China) (College of Architecture & Civil engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China) (College of Architecture & Civil engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China) 532218982@qq.com, fbb87699635@163.com,393767655@qq.com Keywords: road construction; environmental supervision; harmonious development Abstract.The article analyses the influencing factors and harm that road construction on environment, put forward the method of increasing environmental supervision and protection in engineering and promote the harmonious development of China’s road construction and environment.
The influence of engineering position on environment.The road will change the hydrological condition, and has effect on preventing or controlling flood.
To increase the environmental supervision and protection in engineering.
But if we want to let these ideas into effect, it is an important countermeasure to increase the environmental supervision and protection in engineering.
The highway engineering has the characteristics of long line, many points and wide aspects.

The experimental measurement of stress and strain and monitoring of stress-strain relations by interaction of foundation structures with subsoil are also performed at the Faculty of Civil Engineering, VSB-TU Ostrava.
The above mentioned load tests are performed on the testing equipment within the complex of the Faculty of Civil Engineering, VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava [8].
The load tests are performed within the individual doctoral dissertations at the Faculty of Civil Engineering, and especially in the context of scientific research projects.
Chen, Strength of steel fibre reinforced concrete ground slabs, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Structures and Buildings. 157(2) (2004) 157-163.
Sekanina, Design and development of a testing device for experimental measurements of foundation slabs on the subsoil, Transactions of the VSB – Technical University of Ostrava, Civil Engineering Series. 11 (1) (2011) 1 – 5.

Mechanical Properties and Applications of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) Zhiqin Zhao1, a, Renjuan Sun1, Ziqiang Feng2，Shanshan Wei1，Dawei Huang1 1Graduate Student, School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, 17923 Jingshi Road, Jinan, China, 250061. asdu_zhao2011@yahoo.cn 2 Jinan Highway Administration Bureau, 1# Jiefang Dong Road, Jinan, China. 250110 P.R.
Introduction ECC (Engineered Cementitious Composite) grew out of ACE-MRL(Advanced Civil Engineering Materials Research Laboratory) ,University of Michigan, 1992.
Workability and Engineering Properties of PVA fiber PVA engineered cementitious composites [D].
Key Performance and Engineering Application of PVA Engineered Cementitious Composites [J].
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 2001, 13(6): 399

Cause Analysis of Longitudinal Cracks in Closure Segment of an Extra-large Bridge Chungen Wei1, a, Haibo Jiang1, b, Feixin Huang1, c, Shiwu Ouyang2, Xiang Long3 1 Faculty of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China 2 Guangzhou Municipal Engineering Design ＆ Research Institute, Guangzhou 510060, China 3 The Highway Survey and Design Institute of Guangzhou City, 510400, China a weichungen@163.com, bbhjiang@gdut.edu.cn, chuangfeixin83@163.com Keywords: continuous box girder; longitudinal cracks; MIDAS; stress analysis Abstract.
Then an analysis model is established by MIDAS/Civil 2006 to analyze the causes of longitudinal cracks in the bottom slab of an extra-large bridge.
Engineering Situation The Dongpu Bridge is a prestressed concrete continuous rigid frame bridge with span arrangement (106+160+160+106) m, which is an extra-large bridge in a freeway around Guangzhou city.
In order to probe the cause of the cracks, a calculation model of the 2m closure segment is established by MIDAS/Civil 2006, which contains 40 nodes and 36 elements, as shown in Fig. 3.
[4] He Hai: South Highway Engineering.

Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, St.
Zhang Dayu, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture Prof.
Li Aiqun, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture Prof.
Wu Xuan, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture Dr.
Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering Doctor of Science (Engineering), Prof.

Research on Fracture of FRP Reinforced Concrete Beams Yanfeng Feng 1, 2, Tianhong Yang 1, Hua Wei 2, Youfa Gu 3, Haijun Wang 2 1 Center for Rock Instability and Seismicity Research, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004 China 2 College of Civil Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110870 China 3 Civil Engineering of Qingdao Technological University Qindao College, Qing Dao, Shan Dong, 266106 China Keywords: FRP Reinforced RC Beams; Flexural Fracture; Broken FRP; Crushed Concrete Abstract.
With technology of FRP reinforcement concrete beams is applied in domain of the civil engineering, it attracts more and more scholars to study it.
The technology of FRP reinforced concrete beams is attached increasing application in the field of engineering, many scholars at home and abroad [1~5] studied flexural performance of FRP reinforced concrete beams, but most made experiments to research, In this paper, flexural performance of FRP reinforced concrete beam is studied mainly from the numerical calculation.

As an extended version of CECS-146 [9], the Chinese Technical code for the application of fiber reinforced polymers in civil engineering [10] will be coming soon.
(China Planning Press, China 2003) [10] GB×××××-××××: Technical Code for the Application of Fiber Reinforced Polymers in Civil Engineering (Draft) (in Chinese).
Humar, Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, Ottawa, Canada (2000) [20] C.
Ye: China Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 36(11) (2003), p. 12-18 [28] X.S.
Zhang, in: Application of Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP) in Civil Engineering, edited by Q.R.

Preface The Civil engineering is traditional branch of industry where has used common materials and process already for years, but current time places higher demands on properties of new materials or human comfort in building.
This proceeding is composed of contributions that present the research of PhD and masters candidates from the Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague.
These contributions were presented at the 5th annual conference "Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology in Civil Engineering 2016".
A significant portion of the presented papers were created in cooperation with the Center for Nanotechnolgy in Civil Engineering at the Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague and Joint Laboratory of Technology Polymer Nanofiber Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Civil Engineering at the Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague.
Organizing Committee Department of Building Structures, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague Center for Nanotechnolgy in Civil Engineering at the Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague Joint Laboratory of Technology Polymer Nanofiber Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Civil Engineering at the Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague Members of the Organizing Committee Pavla Ryparová Zuzana Rácová Václav Nežerka Pavel Tesárek Zdeněk Prošek Michael Somr Reviewers Ing.