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Comparison with experimental data shows that the model describes satisfactorily the W-H behaviour of fcc metals, either pure or in the solid solution condition.
For instance, Ma et al. [36] produced evidence of ductility enhancement of an Al-11%Si alloy processed by rotary ECAP, see Charpy data reproduced in Figure 3.
Data on Ti are more complete and refer to samples with coarse grains (10 µm) and S-mc grains (ECAP, 300 nm and ECAP plus rolling, 150 nm).
Tensile behaviour True stress true strain curves for the two systems under various conditions are in Figure 7 and the respective quantitative data are summarized in Table 1.
Finally, Table 2 summarizes precipitate and grain size data. 200 nm c b 50 µm a d 500 nm Al2Cu 500 nm Table 2.

Lake sediments are widely used to reconstruct temporal changes in nutrient pollution, the data derived from sediment accumulation and chemical and biological analysis of the sediment has had considerable influence in shaping environmental assessments and regulatory actions, especially in estimating trophic development of the lake.
Note the different scale for percentage data.
The Brachionus resting eggs increased with depths and maintained a high level from 17.5cm to 32.5 cm depth of the sediment, and then a reduction was seen from 32.5 cm.
High abundance of Daphnia may explain the reduction in Bosmina by competitive exclusion from 32.5 cm.
A reduction in the population of fish may promote an increase in the Daphnia population.

Based on the vibration theory，the vertical mathematical model of temper mill is expressed as: （3） Where, is the equivalent mass matrix of the system of temper mill, the equivalent stiffness matrix of the system, the equivalent damp matrix of the system, column vector of acceleration of system, column vector of speed of system, column vector of displacement of system, F is the lever force, load matrix, which is described as: [0 0 0 F –F 0 0 0 ]T （4） The Relationship between Rolling Force, Thickness of Oil Film and Vertical Dynamic Stiffness in Interface The rolling force can be got with W.L.Roberts formula: （5） Where, is the yield stress of workpiece, the tensile stress, the reduction rate, the friction coefficient
Under the usual rolling process, the reduction rate, the width of workpiece, the yield stress, the radius of working roller can be assumed constant in the rolling process.
So the rolling force is described as: （18） Where, is the pressure in lubrication layer of entrance plane in deformation zone, the area of deformation zone, the input velocity of workpiece, the average thickness of oil film in deformation zone, is described as , the reduction, the elongation coefficient of workpiece.
Then: （19） Where, the value of partial derivative is from experiment data.
The field data is input into the simulator which includes vertical vibration model, the horizontal vibration model and the disturbance generator.

High-strength steel frames are of less weight than ferroconcrete, they are simple in execution, and make it possible to do installation in increased blocks, which reduces a general term of building and contributes to price reduction for 1 m2 of housing area.
While exploiting, it leads to metal layering, and while increasing the temperature, it leads to the reduction of impact toughness, especially under low temperatures.
According to the data of quantitative light microscopy, we made size dependence of austenite grain on the temperature of austenization before the rolling.
It greatly increases under decreasing the temperature of austenization, which is the result of significant increase in specific area of austenite boundaries under size reduction of γ-grain.
These experiments allowed us to refine the theoretical ideas as for the formation of polygonal structure of hot deformation and obtain quantitative data about such important parameters of poligonization as the average diameter of polygons and the angle of disorientation on the middle sub-boundary, which earlier had not been obtained.

The i th eigenvalue, φi, represents the effective fractional reduction in load carrying area on planes that are perpendicular to the ith principal material direction as shown typically in Figure 1.
The Yi are eigenvalues of damage conjugate force tensor defied in Eq. (3) The J and H tensors are determined by available data on a single composite lamina, and K0 is the initial damage threshold.
The non-linear behavior and the stiffness reduction in the results are mainly due to the propagation of matrix cracking.
It can be due to the existence of errors in the used material data and simulation.
It shows that the stiffness reductions are not very large except for G13 at the interface layer which tend to zero and indicating the complete damage of the interface or shear delamination.

A grading from 1st to 3rd has been assigned to each element, whereby 3rd is high defect and therefore a greater reduction of resistance.
Other identified defects are twist, irregular shape and section reduction due to natural tapers or notches.
Other data detected during the inspections, must be considered separately.
These are humidity values, critical sections for defects and section reductions due to biotic attacks.
After the inspection steps, data were collected in graphic–descriptive tables (Fig.5).

The XRD data were collected using a Siemens D5000 X-ray diffractometer (CuKa radiation), the SEM, TEM and DSC studies were performed using Jeol JSM 6400 (15eV), Phillips Tecnai F20 and SDT Q600 (the sample was 10.5mg at 10ºC/min) equipments respectively.
Because of ball milling, the preferred orientation in the XRD pattern has disappeared and the diffraction peaks become wider due to the crystal size reduction.
The width of Bragg peaks decreases indicating a reduction in internal stresses and a possible increase in the crystal size.
This is agreement with the XRD data.
The phase transformation is related with the crystalline defects accumulation and with the crystal size reduction during the milling process.

And the carbon emission and reduction in the green supply chain were focused on with the increased concerning on climate change in recent years [4,5,6].
That means there would be similar models for carbon emission assessment, and the representative product’s carbon emission could be expanded as the result of the whole enterprise, which could guide the emission reduction action.
This gives the informative base to analyze the carbon emission contributions of suppliers to the whole enterprise, and then, to evaluate the performance of green supply chain initiatives to the enterprise’s carbon emission reduction.
Carbon emission assessment method for household appliances Considering the actual situation of data statistic in enterprises in China, three phases, which were material phase, manufacturing phase and usage phase in the product’s life cycle, were selected to adopt the assessment of product carbon emission
Several factors influence the adaptation of this method could be induced from this research, that is, the data of products is easier to obtain, the information on product carbon emission could reflect the enterprise’s effort much more directly, and the performance of green supply chain management could be shown intuitively through the carbon emission reduction of products.

The Powdercell computer program [11] and Pearson's Crystal Data [12] were used for indexing and refinement of the crystalline phases formed in mechanically alloyed Ni-Nb, Ni-Ta and Ni-Nb-Ta powders.
With increasing milling times, it was noted a widening and intensity reduction of the Ni, Nb and/orTa peaks indicating a loss of crystallinity of the powders (see Fig. 1).
However, the intensity reduction of Ni peaks was more pronounced than the Nb and/or Ta peaks during the initial milling times (up to 3 hours), which occurred probably due to two different reasons: (i) a significant reduction of crystallite and particle sizes, and (ii) the preferential dissolution of nickel atoms into the Nb and Ta lattices to form extended solid solutions, which contributed to increase the relative intensity of the NbSS (ss-solid solution)/TaSS and NiSS peaks.
A reduction of the crystallite size in both the Ni and Nb/Ta phases with the increasing milling time can be observed.
Cenzual: in Pearson's Crystal Data: Crystal Structure Database for Inorganic Compounds, ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USA, (2011)

The method of measuring vibration caused by knock block requires the development of good filters for the development of measurement data.
Average mileage fuel consumption on 3 routes The data collected made it possible to estimate the reduction in travel costs by using two fuels.
On Road 1 reduction was 7.7% and 2 from 14.6% in relation to the cost of using only DO - Road 3.
Emissions of toxic components of exhaust gases at power DO and DO and LPG There has been a significant reduction in favorable nitrogen oxide emissions.
The percentage increases, however, are much smaller than the reduction in emissions of oxides of nitrogen.