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The paper presents the results of: water aggressiveness, cement chemistry, strength quality control and air-permeability kT, and the criterion used to assess sulfate resistance of the elements.
The objective of this paper is to present data on: · aggressiveness of the water · cement chemistry · compressive strength of cylinders tested in the lab during production quality control · air-permeability measured "in situ" on actual elements and, based on the analysis of the above information, to assess the suitability of the built perecast elements to perform satisfactorily in the location environment for a design service life of 50 years.
References [1] Swiss Standard SIA 262/1:2013, "Concrete Structures – Supplementary Specifications", (in German and French).
Annex E: 'Air-Permeability on the Structure' [2] ACI 318M-11, "Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete", Sept. 2011, 510 p

The byssus has a highly complex hierarchical structure and contains over 90 wt% CaCO3.
Due to the thorough understanding of the chemistry involved, blue mussel byssi have been emulated in synthetic materials by several research groups, e.g. references [5,8,9].
The byssus has a highly complex hierarchical internal structure [12-15,17,19].
Visualization of byssi and pore structures was done using ImageJ [25].
Seki, Biological materials: Structure and mechanical properties, Prog.

Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Ternary Zinc Acetate Complex with 4-Aminohippuric acid and 4, 4’-Bipyridine Ligand Xi-Shi Tai 1, a 1College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, P.R.
The structure was solved by direct methods and refined by full-matrix least-squares techniques on F2.
The structure was solved by direct methods using SHELXL-97 [4] and expanded using Fourier techniques.
Fig. 2 displays the molecular forms 3-D network structure by hydrogen bonds.
From Fig. 2, we can see that the [Zn2(BIPY)3(H2O)8]2+ formed 1D chain structure by the N-Zn bonds, the free water molecules and the free AMA anions are linked with the 1D chains through the hydrogen bonds, to form 3-D network structure.

However, the durability of sea sand reinforced concrete structures is a major concern to the concrete professionals.
The fact proved that direct application of sea sand will seriously threaten the durability of reinforced concrete structures. [1,2,3,4].
Therefore, based on the survey of the utilization of the desalted sea sand in Ningbo city, this paper studied the micro structure features of sea sand concrete structures, in order to provide the theory base for utilization and management of sea sand.
Study on sea sand concrete micro-porous structure distribution.Classification of concrete pore distribution is showed in table 2.Different types of 28-day age sea sand concrete micro-porous structure distribution are showed in Figure 1, which tells us that in all types of concrete pores harmful pores account for the majority, almost 50%, influencing concrete strength mostly.
Cement and concrete chemistry [M].Peking：China building industry press，1980: 219-224.

Yeltsin 620002, Ekaterinburg, Mira str., 19 3Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, 620128, Novosobirsk, Kutateladze str., 18, Russia apilyugin@imp.uran.ru, bpatselov@imp.uran.ru, c timpt@mail.ru, deucher@imp.uran.ru, eancharov@gmail.com, fdimoha@controlstyle.ru Keywords: hysteresis, iron, nanostructure, phase transition, pressure, shear deformation.
Introduction In its nature, martensite transformation is a structure-sensitive process.
Crystallite size in the CG and NC structures differs by four orders of magnitude.
It has been found that hysteresis for the direct and the reverse transformation in an NC structure exhibits an increase in comparison with a CG structure.
Pilugin, The structure of Nb obtained by severe plastic Deformation and its thermal stability, Material Science Forum. 667-669 (2011) 409-411

Effect of Cryogenic Treatments on Mechanical Properties of 2A11 Aluminum Alloy Junjie Wang1,a,Xiaodai Xue1,2,b,Zhenqiang Yang3,Hong Zhang1and Yuan Zhou1 1Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190,China; 2Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3Jiangbei machine company, Jilin 132000, China awangjunjie@vip.sina.com;bxuexiaodai@sina.com Keywords: Cryogenic treatment; Mechanical property; Aluminum alloy; Cryogenic box Abstract.
One is that the key factor determining the cryogenic treatment effect is the transformation from austenite into martensite [7], and the other is the formation of very small η-carbides dispersed in the tempered martensite structure [8].
Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank the Department of Mechanical Engineering of Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences for providing the facilities to carry out the experimental work.

Photochromism,Fluorescence and Dynamic system of a Novel Unsymmetrical Diarylethene Material Based on Naphthyl rings Panpan Ren, Min Deng, Shiqiang Cui, Gang Liu* Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P.
The structures of diarylethenes 1o were confirmed by 1H NMR. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, TMS):δ 2.22 (s, 3H, -CH3), 2.38 (s, 3H, -CH3), 6.95 (s, 1H, thienyl-H),7.47(t,1H,nathphy-H),7.49(t,1H,nathphy-H),7.52(t,1H,nathphy-H),7.54(t,1H,nathphy-H),7.55(t,1H,nathphy-H),7.60(t,1H,nathphy-H),7.69 (d, 1H, phenyl-H, J=8.0Hz), 7.72 (d,1H,phenyl-H, J = 8.0Hz), 7.77 (d, 1H, phenyl-H). 7.80 (d, 1H, phenyl-H).
A: Chemistry Vol. 194(2008), p. 333–343 [11] Tyler B.

Cure Monitoring of Epoxy Resin by Simultaneous DSC/FTIR Liwei Wang1, a and Gerard F Fernando2,b 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China 2 Sensors and Composites Group, School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK aliweiwangy@hotmail.com, bg.f.fernando@bham.ac.uk Keywords: DSC, FTIR, epoxy, cure kinetics Abstract.
Introduction Kinetic characterization of thermosets resins is fundamental in understanding structure/property/processing relationships, for manufacture and utilization of these polymeric materials.
Ellis: Chemistry and technology of epoxy resins (Chapman & Hall, London 1998)

Effect of Organoclay Dispersion on the Barrier Performance and Mechanical Strength of EVA Clay Nanocomposites Runcy Wilson1, Anil Kumar S2 and Sabu Thomas1,3 1School of Chemical Science, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India. 2Department of Chemistry, N.S.S College, Ottapalam, Kerala, 679103, India. 3Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D Hills, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India.
Two particular characteristics of layered silicate play an important role in the creation of nanocomposites: the first is the ability of silicate sheets to disperse into individual layers, and second, is the possibility to modify their surface chemistry through ion exchange reactions with organic and inorganic cations.
Paul, Morphology and properties of thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites: Effect of organoclay structure, Polymer 47 (2006) 7760-7773

From previous work, it is believed that carbon nanotubes (CNT) is the potential material for the conductive filler in the PANI structure as they posses properties such as excellent electrical conductivity, high surface area and good interconnectivity due to their nanosize [7].
Saraswathi: Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol. 8 (2008), p. 2377
[14] Jonny Woodward: Royal Society of Chemistry (2007), www.orc.org