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Online since: May 2022
Authors: Patrizia Ghisellini, Renato Passaro, Sergio Ulgiati
Not to mention that selective demolition has the potential to assure a higher quality of the recycled materials as by separating the materials into flows (e.g., hazardous materials such as asbestos and PCBs systems, pipes, insulating materials, wood, plastics, brick, concrete) it reduces the possibility of contamination of the aggregates [4].
The new materials are also renewable and non-toxic so that they can be introduced again into the nature cycles of the biosphere acting as ‘nutrients’ to grow new materials [21].
More in detail, green building materials are defined by [25] as: “Raw and processed nature-based materials used in the construction of the built environment.
The quality of certified materials and products Figure 2 evidences the composition of the total sample of our survey that consists of 131 certified materials and products.
A literature review, Journal of Cleaner Production 178 (2018) 618-643
The new materials are also renewable and non-toxic so that they can be introduced again into the nature cycles of the biosphere acting as ‘nutrients’ to grow new materials [21].
More in detail, green building materials are defined by [25] as: “Raw and processed nature-based materials used in the construction of the built environment.
The quality of certified materials and products Figure 2 evidences the composition of the total sample of our survey that consists of 131 certified materials and products.
A literature review, Journal of Cleaner Production 178 (2018) 618-643
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Li Li, Quan Jin Wang
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51169006.) and Education Department(No.
Mechanism of high efficient and stabilization of anaerobic stage-constructed wetland system in treatment of Sewage[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2011,(03):37-40.
Advances in comprehensive utilization of submersed aquatic macrophytes[J].Environmental Protection Science,2009,35(6):16-19.
Science, 1980(27): 987-989
Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition),2006,29(2):172-175.
Mechanism of high efficient and stabilization of anaerobic stage-constructed wetland system in treatment of Sewage[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2011,(03):37-40.
Advances in comprehensive utilization of submersed aquatic macrophytes[J].Environmental Protection Science,2009,35(6):16-19.
Science, 1980(27): 987-989
Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition),2006,29(2):172-175.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Yu Yang, Ya Qin Xu, Ze Yuan Yu, Sheng Xin Zhao
Materials and methods
Sample preparation.
Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2007, 42: 985–991
Journal of Food Engineering, 2005, 71: 214–222
Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 2010, 11: 470–476
Science and Technology of Food Industry,2008, 6: 220–222.
Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2007, 42: 985–991
Journal of Food Engineering, 2005, 71: 214–222
Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 2010, 11: 470–476
Science and Technology of Food Industry,2008, 6: 220–222.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Heng Tan, Ze Wang, Guo Hong Dai, Xiu Xiang Chen, Jian Fu Zhu
According to the actual production condition, the material of the plastic kakou was used PA66[5].
Weld 1ines are the two strands or more than two strands of material flow form the lines when they meet.
In actual production, product structure, plastic materials, mould design and forming technology all effect the deformation.
The research has been funded by natural science foundation research projects of high institutions in jiangsu province(06KJB460026).
Journal of engineering institute of fujian, 2005, (1) : 2-5 [5] GaoChangYin.
Weld 1ines are the two strands or more than two strands of material flow form the lines when they meet.
In actual production, product structure, plastic materials, mould design and forming technology all effect the deformation.
The research has been funded by natural science foundation research projects of high institutions in jiangsu province(06KJB460026).
Journal of engineering institute of fujian, 2005, (1) : 2-5 [5] GaoChangYin.
Online since: June 2010
Authors: Na Jia, Chang Liu
Self-adsorption fiber board is a new type of functional wood-based panel belonging to the
category of functional compound material, which utilizes the composite element functional
processing method [9].
Physical and Mechanical Performance of Self-adsorption fiber board Amount of added activated carbon Density [g/cm 3] Bending strength [MPa] Elastic modulus [MPa] Internal bond strength [MPa] 24h water absorption thickness expansion rate [%] No addition 0.76 30.04 2350.72 0.30 13.95 3% powder 0.78 30.61 2265.98 0.38 15.60 5% powder 0.78 31.26 2360.06 0.41 16.10 10% powder 0.79 34.04 2526.26 0.45 18.95 3% grain 0.78 30.43 2312.87 0.42 14.78 5% grain 0.79 32.46 2257.87 0.59 15.15 10% grain 0.81 32.16 2315.88 0.56 9.70 (2)Test on formaldehyde release of self-adsorption fiber board In accordance with the regulation of GB /T18580-2001 Indoor Decorating and Refurbishing Materials-Limit of Formaldehyde Emission of Wood-based Panels and Finishing Products, the drier method is adopted to test the formaldehyde emission of self-adsorption fiber board . 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Amount of addition % F o r m a l d e h y d e e
Discussion Physical and mechanical performance The composition element of self-adsorption fiber board is added with activated carbon, especially the activated carbon grain, which plays a role in reinforcing composite material, therefore, theoretically, the mechanical performance of the panel will be improved.
Forest Products Journal, 1999, 49(1):49-55 [4] Jack D Thrasher, Kaye H Kilburn.
Jiangsu Environmental Science and Technology (supplement 2): 43-45
Physical and Mechanical Performance of Self-adsorption fiber board Amount of added activated carbon Density [g/cm 3] Bending strength [MPa] Elastic modulus [MPa] Internal bond strength [MPa] 24h water absorption thickness expansion rate [%] No addition 0.76 30.04 2350.72 0.30 13.95 3% powder 0.78 30.61 2265.98 0.38 15.60 5% powder 0.78 31.26 2360.06 0.41 16.10 10% powder 0.79 34.04 2526.26 0.45 18.95 3% grain 0.78 30.43 2312.87 0.42 14.78 5% grain 0.79 32.46 2257.87 0.59 15.15 10% grain 0.81 32.16 2315.88 0.56 9.70 (2)Test on formaldehyde release of self-adsorption fiber board In accordance with the regulation of GB /T18580-2001 Indoor Decorating and Refurbishing Materials-Limit of Formaldehyde Emission of Wood-based Panels and Finishing Products, the drier method is adopted to test the formaldehyde emission of self-adsorption fiber board . 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Amount of addition % F o r m a l d e h y d e e
Discussion Physical and mechanical performance The composition element of self-adsorption fiber board is added with activated carbon, especially the activated carbon grain, which plays a role in reinforcing composite material, therefore, theoretically, the mechanical performance of the panel will be improved.
Forest Products Journal, 1999, 49(1):49-55 [4] Jack D Thrasher, Kaye H Kilburn.
Jiangsu Environmental Science and Technology (supplement 2): 43-45
Online since: September 2012
Authors: Keng Soon Woon, Shigeyuki Kanno, Kui Liu
Introduction
Gundrilling is a specialized material removal process for the construction of deep holes with typical depth to diameter ratios of greater than 10.
Primarily, this type of nickel-chromium-based superalloy is highly prone to work hardening [5] in which machining of the outer layer of material increases the hardness of the subsequent layer through sub-surface plastic deformation.
With the increased in hardness, higher magnitude of cutting force (energy) is required to machine the same amount of materials.
Teo: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol. 63 (1997), 199-204
Mannan: Machining Science and Technology Vol. 4-1 (2000), 127-168.
Primarily, this type of nickel-chromium-based superalloy is highly prone to work hardening [5] in which machining of the outer layer of material increases the hardness of the subsequent layer through sub-surface plastic deformation.
With the increased in hardness, higher magnitude of cutting force (energy) is required to machine the same amount of materials.
Teo: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol. 63 (1997), 199-204
Mannan: Machining Science and Technology Vol. 4-1 (2000), 127-168.
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Jian Guo Zhang, Bao Qun Wang, Yong Duan
., Room 2-2601, A Building, No. 24, Culture East Road, Lixia Region, Ji¢nan, Shandong, China
2School of Civil Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, No. 5001, Crabapple Road, University Science Park, Changqing Region, Ji¢nan, Shandong, China
awbaoqun@163.com, bjgzhang0508@163.com
Keywords: tunnel entrance, forepoling bolt, pre-supporting, finite numerical simulation, complicated geological condition
Abstract.
Mechanical parameters of surrounding rock and supports materials are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Mechanical parameters of the materials Types of materials Elastic modulus (Gpa) Poisson ratio Cohesion (Mpa) Internal friction angle (°) Density (kg.m-3) Surrounding rock 0.30 0.40 0.15 19 1900 Primary supports 28.5 0.23 - - 2500 Reinforced area of systematic bolts 0.33 0.40 0.15 19 1900 Forepoling bolts 210 0.30 - - 7700 Analysis of Internal Force and Safety Factor of Primary Support Five control points in section have been chosen for analysis, and position of control points is shown in Figure 2.
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering.
Mechanical parameters of surrounding rock and supports materials are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Mechanical parameters of the materials Types of materials Elastic modulus (Gpa) Poisson ratio Cohesion (Mpa) Internal friction angle (°) Density (kg.m-3) Surrounding rock 0.30 0.40 0.15 19 1900 Primary supports 28.5 0.23 - - 2500 Reinforced area of systematic bolts 0.33 0.40 0.15 19 1900 Forepoling bolts 210 0.30 - - 7700 Analysis of Internal Force and Safety Factor of Primary Support Five control points in section have been chosen for analysis, and position of control points is shown in Figure 2.
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Li Ming Wu, Zi Jian Wang
Figure 1 The building of reservoir slope section plane
Figure 2 The Area of slope sliding led to building superstructure foundation settlement after cracking
Table 1 Member size and strength of material
Member
Cross-section /mm
Strength of material
Upright post
450×450
C25
Beam
250×350
C25
Foundation beam
300×400
C25
Pile
800×800
C25
Wall
240
Mu10
Floor
100
C25
Table 2 The related parameters of soil
Soil number
Proportionality constant
Internal friction
Average bulk density
Lateral pressure coefficient
Negative friction coefficient
The friction strength
1
2000
10
16.5
2000×H
0.3
-4.80e3
2
4000
22
18.0
4000×H
0.3
-16.14e3
3
3000
30
20.0
5000×H
0.3
-33.78e3
Figure 3 The structure layout Figure 4 Distribution of soil profile
Figure 5 8 single piles settlement Figure 6 Roof beam and column
position location number intersected 12 nodes location number
Material Character.
Table 5 Comparison of internal force and displacement of load step table Number Result 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Model node y maximum displacement (m) 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Floor node y maximum displacement (m) 0.0043 0.0305 0.0221 0.0272 0.0347 0.0238 0.0174 0.0220 0.0280 Wall node y maximum displacement (m) 0.0020 0.0305 0.0221 0.0272 0.0347 0.0238 0.0174 0.0220 0.0280 Maximum frame bending moment E6 0.0808 1.230 2.230 2.920 1.520 2.180 2.070 2.720 2.810 Maximum value of frame-shear E6 0.1971 3.530 5.410 6.780 4.350 5.100 4.850 6.360 6.590 Axial force maximum frame E7 0.112 15.20 15.20 19.10 3.790 14.20 14.20 18.60 3.720 Lower Figure 7 and Figure 8 from the previous comparison results can be seen, in the same material, size, and the same gravity loads under those conditions, after the settlement of the upper 12 nodes of displacements and stresses are greater than when not settlement.
Design of superstructure Foundation and when considered separately, in order to meet seismic bearing capacity of structure shall increase the strength of materials.
Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University Natural Science,Vol. 540-543 (2008), p. 27(4).
Table 5 Comparison of internal force and displacement of load step table Number Result 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Model node y maximum displacement (m) 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Floor node y maximum displacement (m) 0.0043 0.0305 0.0221 0.0272 0.0347 0.0238 0.0174 0.0220 0.0280 Wall node y maximum displacement (m) 0.0020 0.0305 0.0221 0.0272 0.0347 0.0238 0.0174 0.0220 0.0280 Maximum frame bending moment E6 0.0808 1.230 2.230 2.920 1.520 2.180 2.070 2.720 2.810 Maximum value of frame-shear E6 0.1971 3.530 5.410 6.780 4.350 5.100 4.850 6.360 6.590 Axial force maximum frame E7 0.112 15.20 15.20 19.10 3.790 14.20 14.20 18.60 3.720 Lower Figure 7 and Figure 8 from the previous comparison results can be seen, in the same material, size, and the same gravity loads under those conditions, after the settlement of the upper 12 nodes of displacements and stresses are greater than when not settlement.
Design of superstructure Foundation and when considered separately, in order to meet seismic bearing capacity of structure shall increase the strength of materials.
Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University Natural Science,Vol. 540-543 (2008), p. 27(4).
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Francesco Micelli, Maria Antonietta Aiello, Emilia Vasanelli, Maria Sileo, Giovanni Leucci, Angela Calia
Material and Methods
Materials.
Despite the large scatter (R2=0.5), there is a linear positive trend with the UPV, which is in agreement with the theoretical assumption that ultrasonic pulse velocity is directly dependent on the density of the material, where longitudinal waves are measured.
Erdogan, Correlating sound velocity with the density, compressive strength and Young’s modulus of carbonate rocks, International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences. 41(2004) 871–875
Spanu, Some mechanisms of microstructure weakening in high-porous calcareous stones, Materials and Structures (2006), 39, 525–531.
Despite the large scatter (R2=0.5), there is a linear positive trend with the UPV, which is in agreement with the theoretical assumption that ultrasonic pulse velocity is directly dependent on the density of the material, where longitudinal waves are measured.
Erdogan, Correlating sound velocity with the density, compressive strength and Young’s modulus of carbonate rocks, International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences. 41(2004) 871–875
Spanu, Some mechanisms of microstructure weakening in high-porous calcareous stones, Materials and Structures (2006), 39, 525–531.
Online since: October 2008
Authors: Zhi Fang, Jian Yang
These
excellent properties of UHPC make it a revolutionary material in the field of concrete technology with
possibilities for use in a wide range of structures and non-structural applications.
The material properties of UHPC are shown in Table 2. fe is the effective prestressing force after releasing jacking load.
Table 2 Material properties of the tested beams Beam No.
Acknowledgements This work is supported by Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number: 50478502).
Journal of materials in civil Engineering, ASCE.
The material properties of UHPC are shown in Table 2. fe is the effective prestressing force after releasing jacking load.
Table 2 Material properties of the tested beams Beam No.
Acknowledgements This work is supported by Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number: 50478502).
Journal of materials in civil Engineering, ASCE.