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Biomass is renewable and carbon neutral. Biochar, derived from the carbonization of biomass, is a kind of solid fuel with excellent properties. Utilization of biomass in ironmaking process as heating agent and reducing agent contributes to energy conservation and emission reduction, and can partially replace for coal and coke. Research status of the utilization of biomass in ironmaking process is discussed. Application prospects of biomass energy in ironmaking process are analyzed, and a novel bioenergy auxiliary ironmaking system is suggested, which is meaningful for the effective use of biomass and for decreasing the consumption of fossil fuels, namely metallurgical coal and coke.

This paper introduce the relationship between fracture energy of refractories and its thermal shock resistance, and research status about fracture energy of refractories. It shows that investigation on fracture energy of refractories at high temperature is positive significance for evaluation of thermal shock resistance, and wedge splitting method for fracture energy of refractories is an effective method.

The binary polymer AA/SAS was synthesized by acrylic acid (AA) and sodium allylsulfonate (SAS), named as AS and its structure was characterized. Its scale inhibition performance was also investigated for single CaCO₃, CaSO₄ scales, and composite scales in simulated formation water containing Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Ba²⁺ and Sr²⁺. The results indicate that when adding 50mg/L of the inhibitor, it is 85.05% efficient for CaCO₃ inhibition and 98.85% for CaSO₄, but only 49.05% and 51.58% for BaSO₄ and SrSO₄ separately. The scale inhibition performance is obvious in the simulated formation water with high concentration of calcium (1300mg/L) and low barium ion (100mg/L ), the inhibition efficiency are both above 85% at a dosage of 80mg/L. And it can fairly satisfy the demand of inhibiting composite scales (CaCO₃ scale, CaSO₄ scale, BaSO₄ scale and SrSO₄ scale), when AS and CT was combined at a mass ratio of 2:1 in high calcium , barium and strontium ions contained formation water, being 95.3% efficient at the dosage of 100mg/L.

In order to improve the coke residue of phenolic resins (PF), different solvents were used in the present work. The research indicates that in comparison with other solvents, such as ethylene glycol (EG) and ethyl silicate (ES), furfural (FF) can enhance crosslinking density and increase residual coke yield of phenolic resins (PF). The results demonstrate that the residual coke yield of PF with furfural is 68 % higher than that with other solvents. In addition, pyrolysis peak temperature of PF with furfural is relatively high and pyrolysis process is more smoothly. FTIR results show that new bonds formed in PF when take furfural as solvent, and furfural changed the structure of phenolic resins. Raman spectra analysis results show that the order degree of the carbonized products (treated at 800 °C) is higher than that in other solvents, and stability of the carbonized products is improved. The research concludes that the type of solvent has great influence on the structure and coke residue.

Catalytic hydrolysis decomposition of dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂) in the presence of water vapor and oxygen was studied over solid acid MoO₃/ZrO₂ using a fixed-bed reactor. The CCl₂F₂ adsorption was multilayer chemical adsorption and its process was corresponding with Freundlich model. Its heat was from 56.3 to 73.2 KJ.mol^-1, and it was exothermic reaction and chemical adsorption.

Electrocatalytic oxidation of polyacrylamide (PAM) at Ti/PbO2 anode was studied in a three-electrode cell without any diaphragm but with a sandwich bath by galvanostatic electrolysis. Turbidimetry was used to determine the concentration of PAM. The change of degradation ratio with current density and reaction temperature was studied through single factor experiment in order to determine the optimal conditions. The optimal conditions of PAM degradation by electrocatalytic oxidation were: current density was 200 mA•cm-2, and reaction temperature was 60 °C. Under these conditions, the degradation ratio of PAM reached 88% after 3.0 h electrolysis. The total dissolved salts (TDS) and different ions affected on the degradation ratio of PAM by changing the size of PAM molecule and the viscosity of solution. The results of experiments showed that the degradation ratio increased firstly then decreased with the increasing of ion concentration. When TDS was 3000 mg•L-1, the degradation ratio reached the highest level. The high valence cation promoted the degradation of PAM. Cl- and HCO3- promoted the degradation of PAM because of the direct and indirect electrocatalytic oxidation and hydrolysis in alkaline solution respectively.

With the promotion of building energy conservation, many residential areas are closely link with energy saving in design phase, and natural ventilation becomes the key to reduce building energy consumption. Thus, house design and building distribution of residential district is particularly important. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) get rapid development in recent 20 years, especially in architectural design. This text established a model of part of a residential district in Zhuzhou based upon ANSYS FLUENT CFD software, and used numerical simulation method to simulate the condition of indoor natural ventilation under typical summer climate when the doors and windows of buildings were opened. The distribution regularities of indoor velocity field and pressure field and etc have been gotten. These data provide a theoretical basis to evaluate the building distribution of residential area.

In this paper, we introduce the entropy theory and energy theory into the research of analyzing the crack open and propagation. Regulation, analyzing the factors that affect fractured crack propagation, and establishing the method of researching fractured crack propagation using entropy theory. Transforming the stress factor that affect crack propagation into entropy value, and on that basis we established the entropy variation equation for calculating the crack open, and obtained the new criterion and model for calculating fracturing crack open. Obtaining a new method for describing crack propagation regulation from the entropy aspect. Revealing the nature of crack open, propagation and close from microscope.

The texture feature and grain refinement effect of Al-5Ti-C alloy on pure aluminum were analyzed and its attenuation mechanism was discussed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy (OM) and other experimental methods.The results show that: Al-5Ti-C alloy is composed of Al, TiAl₃ and TiC. Al-5Ti-C alloy has a good grain refining capacity for commercially pure aluminum. During the heat preservation process, due to precipitation of titanium compound in the aluminum melt, refinement effect of Al-Ti-C alloy is declined.

In this research, an experiment was designed to study the capillary absorption of fly ash concretes. In order to understand the essence of capillary absorption, samples of fly ash concrete with different heights at different curing ages were tested in this experiment. It is found that the samples tested at 7d and 28d had the same sorptivity. And the height of the samples has no influence on the capillary absorption.