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This behavior, also named collapsible behavior, is caused by a suddenly reduction on the void ratio (e) and occurs for soils with metastable structures.
Confined compression curves are presented in logarithmic scale: in horizontal axis is represented the stress data and deformation in vertical axis that is expressed as a fraction of void ratio for a determined stress and initial void ratio (ei/e0).
Soil+RHA specimen presented for the same test condition just 0.058 of deformation (e/e0), representing a reduction of 74.4% in the collapse settlement due the use of RHA.
Computing these coefficients for the tests performed for both specimens, the obtained data are showed in Table 1.
Specimens Cr Cc Cd Soil 0.04 0.67 0.027 Soil+RHA 0.05 0.46 0.017 Assessing the obtained data from Table1, it can be noted negligible differences in the recompression (Cr) and discharge process (Cd).

Thus, contradictory needs which are, in addition to compliance with particular light intensity per area, uniform light distribution, glare and skyglow (light polution) reduction, can be fulfilled more easily.
Simultaneous energy consumption reduction and safety increase can be provided by implementing lighting control in parks, making areas surrounding people well illuminated while other parts with lights turned down to minimum or off.
Another aspect of outdoor lighting control regards how information about light point distribution, their parameters, available modes of operation and sensory data, including geospatial distribution, is accessible to controllers and how controllers interact with each other.
Such a profile is defined by both the existing lighting standards, obligatory for a given area road class and by an environment state expressed in terms of sensory data: weather conditions, traffic intensity and other parameters.
The solution is based on formally defined data structures being graphs which can be easily processed in order to find proper parameters for light points leading to energy consumption reduction and feature rich control.

Statistical aspects were applied both for the presenting of the possible locations of the cracks in the base materials and the welded joints and for the processing of the measured data.
Introduction One of the basic trends of automotive industry is the environmental impact reduction, in other words the consumption reduction due weight decreasing, which can be approached from materials science of view, by applying different high strength materials [1] (steels, aluminium alloys and composites).
Nowadays, beside the environmental impact reduction, the reliability and safety requirements according to structural elements of vehicle industry and the power consumption and efficiency of other equipment (e.g. [2, 3]) have significant grown; at the same time statistical data show, that third portion of damages leading to fracture occur in welded joints, while their near four fifths happen to cyclic loaded structural elements.
In that case, however the ratio of the fatigue resistance reduction (if there is any) is unknown.
Results of Examinations Secant method [13] was used to evaluate the fatigue crack growth data.

The model was transmitting data at a rate of 64kbps over an AWGN channel.
The encoded data was then modulated using QPSK or 16-QAM modulator.
The performance graphs were plotted for each data rate with or without coding and the error rates at 384kbps data rate with convolution coding compared with a study carried in [23].
Fig 2: Simulation of BERs at 384kbps for coded and uncoded data using QPSK modulation Fig 3: Simulation of BERs at 384kbps for coded and uncoded data using 16-QAM modulation Fig 4: Simulation of BERs at 2Mbps for coded and uncoded data using QPSK modulation Fig 5: Simulation of BERs at 2Mbps for coded data using 16-QAM modulation Fig 6: Comparison between QPSK and 16-QAM modulation at 2Mbps for uncoded data Fig 7: Comparison between QPSK and 16-QAM modulation at 2Mbps for coded data Fig 8: Comparison between QPSK and 16-QAM modulation at 384kbps for uncoded data Fig 9: Comparison between QPSK and 16-QAM modulation at 384kbps for coded data Figure 2 and 3 shows the BER simulation when QPSK and 16-QAM were used for uncoded and coded data at a rate of 384kbps over an AWGN channel.
Figure 4 and 5 shows the simulation of BER at a data rate of 2Mbps under the same channel conditions.

It is also concluded that the hydrological modelling using a spatially distributed model is helpful and essential in obtaining flows at any locations, which can subsequently be used jointly with the water quality data to identify the critical source areas with high nitrogen yields.
In China, progress has also been achieved in field experiments, monitoring and nutrients load calculation for experimental areas, e.g. [13,14,15], however, detailed quantitative analysis and modelling is still rare and this has limited the implementation of management measures for an effective reduction of pollutants load.
The data obtained may serve as a good database for further process-based model development and modelling.
The hydrological model may need to be updated with climate and hydrology data for more recent years covering the water quality monitoring period so that more ‘real’ yields can be calculated, and this remains a further work.
Management strategies are urgently needed for an effective reduction of nitrogen pollution from agricultural activities and urbanization.

The velocity, quantity, and quality data of flow in the drainage pipelines were collected online and in real-time by the reconfigurable sensors invented by our own team and WSN node devices, the data goes through sink nodes, and then were uploaded to the data workstations of drainage network with fixed IP address via wireless GSM/GPRS.
They are combined with GIS data and stored into the central database system.
It is isolated physically with public network by the data access locking mechanism of the single-way optical gate (FGAP).
On the one hand, the center workstation collects operation data of SCADA system in real time; on the other hand, it gathers real-timely the drainage network data such as water level, flow rate, COD through sink nodes and WSN node devices.
ETL (Extraction Transformation Loading) is applied to perform data extraction, transformation and loading.

Local damages such as knots, d ecay, and cracks can be translated into a reduction of service life due to mechanical and environmental loadings.
These local damages result in reduction of system performance, structural safety and integrity.
It results in reduction of modal parameters such as natural frequencies, damping, and mode shapes.
Then the data were dumped from FFT analyzer to personal computer for post processing.

The maximum reduction in OTR and WVTR of that nanocomposite film with Perkalite loading of 3 pph are 76% and 37%, respectively compared with neat PLA film.
Data were recorded in 2θ range of 2-30˚ at the scan rate of 2˚/min.
Fig. 4a and 4b show that increasing content of Perkalite clay from 1 to 3 pph led to a reduction of bubble phase (PEG phase) appearance.
This is due to the fine particle of Perkalite clay was well dispersed in PLA matrix causing a reduction in PEG phase appearance.

The decrease of the eutectic microstructures causes a reduction of the tensile strength.
Ten joints were measured under each test condition and the average of the maximum shear force was evaluated by the data except maximum and minimum values.
Reduction of ball shear force occurred due to the reduction of strength of the solder by aging.

Then, we discussed the economic efficiency of HDSG used for heavy oil recovery and concluded that although the pressurization of fuel and oxygen would cost as much as the energy saved by utilizing the flue gas heat, using HDSG for heavy oil recovery has other incalculable benefits such as miscible flooding, waste water treatment and reduction of heat loss through injection well.
From Wellig’s experiment data, we noticed that the extinction temperature had decreased to 81oC when using 28 wt. % methanol solution, but the inlet temperature of oxygen was set at 400 oC along all those experiments.
Reduction of heat loss through injection well.
Although the pressurization of fuel and oxygen would cost as much as the energy saved, HDSG using for heavy oil recovery have other benefits such as miscible flooding, waste water treatment and reduction of heat loss through injection well.