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Destructive methods based on cutting, splitting, etching, drilling and electrical discharge machining in materials.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2020.
Methods of measuring residual stresses in components // Materials and Design. 2012.
Use of magnetic Anisotropy method for assessing residual stresses in metal structures, Key Engineering Materials, 854 (2020), pp. 10-15
Heat input and metal transfer influences on the weld geometry and microstructure during underwater wet FCAW // Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2016, V. 238. pp. 373–382

Introduction Manufacturing components in light metals and replacing higher density materials with aluminum alloys is becoming fundamental.
However, whereas productions by forging and pressing can use well-known high performance materials (i.e. 6000, 2000 and 7000 series), thixoforming and rheoforming industrially employ a limited number of foundry alloys (usually A356 and A357, [1-4]).
This part of the investigation is called material preparation.
Colloid Interface Science,3 (1972), p.111
Koke, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 112(2-3) (2003), pp. 141-160.

Piezoelectric materials are perfect candidates for vibrational energy scavenging as they can efficiently convert mechanical strain to an electrical charge without any additional power.
Piezoelectric Material.
As in the past, piezoelectric transducer has been consistently used for this purpose, we chose to base our design on piezoelectric materials [7].
Here, we will be exploiting this property of piezoelectric materials to convert body mechanical energy to electrical energy utilizing strain generated in various joints and pressure peers.
Parallel compression, or 33-mode excitation, although intuitively attractive is not practical because of the material properties of rigid piezoelectric materials (a high Young’s modulus and low electromechanical efficiency in 33-mode) and the limited forces produced during walking.

Kostal 1Department of Industrial Engineering, Central University “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Santa Clara, 54830, Villa Clara, Cuba, 2,3,4 Slovak University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Trnava 2Institute of Applied Informatics, Automation and Mathematics 3Institute of Industrial Engineering, Management and Quality, 4 Institute of Production Systems and Applied Mechanics, Slovakia, e-mails: daynierds@uclv.edu.cu; delgado821129@yahoo.es, 2oliver.moravcik@stuba.sk; 3dagmar.caganova@stuba.sk; 4peter.kostal@stuba.sk Keywords.
TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE, vol. 39, No. 1, February 2005, pp. 104–118 issn 0041-1655 _eissn 1526-5447 _05 _3901 _0104 [2] Bräysy, O. (2003).
European Journal of Operational Research 2001; 130:449–67
European Journal of Operational Research 195 (2009) 791–802 [9] Kanellakis, P.C. & Papadimitriou, C.H. (1980).
INFORMS Journal of Computing, 15, 333–348

[2] Han Quanzhi, LTCC ferrite multilayer chip devices and material developments at home and abroad, Magnetic materials and devices. 40 (2009) 1-11
Electronic components and materials. 21 (2002) 19-24
[4] Su hua, Low-temperature sintering NiZnCu ferrite materials and multilayer chip inductors applied Research.
Chengdu: Electronic Science and Technology University, 2006
Electronics and Information Journal. 29 (2005) 1254-1257

Among all types of additives, carbon material in the form of bio-char has been considered as the most profitable due to low cost and easy to produce from various carbon source materials.
To overcome these issues, selected additive carbonaceous materials have been used for enhancing AD processes.
Among all types of additives to AD, carbon materials in the form of biochar (BC) look the most profitable due to their ability to increase methane gas production [7].
BC-based additives, which can also be produced from biomass waste, will create materials to stimulate microbial activity in economical AD [8].
Various biomass can be used as raw materials for biochar production.

Crashworthiness Simulation Analysis of Light Sport Aircraft Fuselage Structure Puwoei Chen1, a, Shuhan Chang2, b, Yuyang Hsieh1, c and Taising Sun3, d 1Department of Aerospace Engineering, Tamkang University, 151 Ying-Chuan Road, Tamsui, 25137, Taiwan 2General Education Center, Hsiuping Institute of Technology, 11 Gongye Rd, Dali City, Taichung County 41280, Taiwan 3Department of Aviation Services and Management, China University of Science and Technology, 245 Sec. 3, Academia Road, Taipei 11581, Taiwan apchen@mail.tku.edu.tw, bshc@mail.hit.edu.tw, c697430717@s97.tku.edu.tw, dtomsun@cc.cust.edu.tw Keywords: Light Sport Aircraft, Crashworthiness, Finite Element Analysis Abstract.
A report [1] published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) indicates that 91% of all aircraft crashes are general aviation crashes, which also account for 94% of all fatalities.
This study used 6061-T6 aluminum alloy as the structure material.
Baker, “Crash Risk in General Aviation”, The Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 297, No. 14, 2007
Reed and James Avery, “Principles for Improving Structural Crash Worthiness for STOL and CTOL Aircraft”, US Army Aviation Material Laboratories Technical Report 66 39, June 1966

Moreover, the materials of rotors also can be optimized.
Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Enegry,1,033110 (2009)
International Journal of Energy Research. ,32:877-895 (2008)
Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science. 32:580-586 (2007)

Journal of Anyang Normal College, Vol. 2.(2010) , p. 86-89 .
Resource Science, Vol. 33(5)(2011) , p. 897-904 .
Building materials should be selected locally with recycle way.
Journal of Guangxi Finance University, Vol. 24(2)(2011) , p. 122-144 Currently, over 10 countries, like England, Germany, Japan, Korea etc, are implementing authentication of low-carbon products to encourage low-carbon products and provide low-carbon services, estimate carbon emission in lifecycle and award carbon brand.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Fluorescence Spectrum Studies of Bromocoumarin Derivants: C10H5Br3O and C12H9BrO4 Ying Wang*, Peng Liu, Xue-Long Li and Jia-Jun Fu School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China Keywords: bromocoumarin derivant, crystal structure, synthesis, fluorescence spectrum.
Rampally, “Synthesis of 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin using polyaniline supported acid catalyst, ”Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical,. vol. 209, pp.117-124, 2004
Vishnu Priya,et al, “Synth- esis of 7-hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin over Lewis acid metal ion-exchanged ZAPO-5 molecular sieves,” Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, vol. 118, pp. 523-530, 2009
Andrei, “Direct fluorination of coumarin, 6-methyl-coumarin and 7-alkoxy-coumarins,” Journal of Fluorine Chemistry,vol. 126, pp. 1377-1383, 2005.