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Surface engineering can be classified as both a science and art of improvement for surfaces of various materials.
Materials and Method 2.1.
Journal of Materials Letters, 58, 191-195
Journal of Science Corrosion, 60, 256-264
Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 6, 963-968.

Differences of 50% have been measured and confirm that these materials have an important local strain mismatch corresponding to the primary dendride arm grains.
Journal of Materials and Products and Technology, SPM1, 2, (2001), 445 [7] S.
Bernhart : in proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Mechanical Behaviours of Materials.
Lours : Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol 372, n°2, (2002), p 155-166 [11] S.
Lours : Journal of Material Processing Technology, Vol 118/1-3, (2001), p 322-329 [12] V.

Introduction With the enhancing awareness of environment protection and sustainable utility of resources, it becomes a hot research area to use natural or renewable raw materials to produce biodegradable materials.
[2] Zhang Huizhen, Liu Bailing and Luo Rong: Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 22(2005): 658-664
[5] Zhang Huizhen, Liu Bailing and Luo Rong: Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 23(2006): 607-613
[7] Liu B L, Zeng X CH, and Yang J H: Chinese Journal of Materials Research 14(2000): 108-112
[18] Zhang Ruiping, Ding Matai: Journal of Functional Materials 38(2007): 2004-2007.

Campos, High strength oxide dispersion strengthened steels: fundamentals and applications, Materials Science and Technology. 30 (2014) 1655-1657
Yick, Progress in corrosion resistant materials for supercritical water reactors, Corrosion Science. 51 (2009) 2508-2523
Dhaneswara, The role of Al2O3 nanoparticles addition on characteristic of Al6061 composite produced by stir casting process, International Journal of Materials Science and Engineering. 6 (2018) 39-47
Hoelzer, Oxide dispersion-strengthened steels: A comparison of some commercial and experimental alloys, Journal of Nuclear Materials. 341 (2005) 103-114
Ostadshabani, Investigation on mechanical properties of nano-Al2O3-reinforced aluminum matrix composites, Journal of Composite Materials. 45 (2011) 2579-2586

Study on Sustainable Use of Raw Soil Material in Rural Houses Design in Western China Liangbin TAN1, a 1Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China aliangbin_tan@163.com Keywords: Raw soil material, Rural houses, Indoor physical environment, Sustainable use.
Thereinto raw soil is one of the oldest materials and is concerned again because of its ideal ecological character.
Earth buildings have incredible economic prominent advantages in comparison to buildings made by other materials.
[2] Alfred B.Ngowi, Improving the traditional earth construction: a case study of Botswana[J].Construction and Building Materials,1997,11(1):1-7
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2007, 20(3), 264-273

It leads to waste of raw material and the reduction of material utilization, which is usually less than 85 percent in CWR[6].
International journal of machine tools and manufacture, 2000, 40: 49-63
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2010, 37: 141-145
Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2010,05:650-656
Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2013,03:358-364

Introduction The advanced functional material of clay-based nanocomposite is produced as a new type of material and science which needed new different treatment from other conventional materials or composites [1-10].
These main steps include: 1- Preparation of the materials of nano clay powder and polymer material (HDPE). 2- Modifications and compatibility of the materials to be ready for processing. 3- Mixing of the main materials of clay and polymers.
Pinnavila, Center of Fundamental materials Research and composite materials and structure center, Michigan state Univ., USA, 1999
Zheng, et. al, Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology, Vol. 5, 1574-1592, 2005
Qutubuddin, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 288, 387-389, 2005

Materials and Methods The study was conducted in a greenhouse at Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies during the 2018-2019 winter season.
Using a Gigahertz-Optik MSC15 gauge (obtained data in materials section), it was found that the light intensity of all three lamp variants was suitable for growing tomatoes.
Effect of Light Quality on Leaf and Stem pH, Peroxidase, and Elongation, Israel Journal of Plant Sciences. 50 (4) (2002) 265-269
Maruhnich, Green Light: a Signal to Slow Down or Stop, Journal of Experimental Botany. 58 (12) (2007) 3099-3111
Centritto, The Impact of Blue Light on Leaf Mesophyll Conductance, Journal of Experimental Botany. 60 (8) (2009) 2283-2290

For this device, the shell materials are used to be shaped materials and multiple shaped ring is designed on the circular tube.
Fig.4 Experiment result of first witness plate for radial shaped charge Borehole blasting experiment Materials and design In this experimental, cylindrical copper pipe is used as cartridge case, the length and external diameter of the copper pipe are especially 320mm and 16mm, and the thickness of the shell is 1mm.
Acknowledge: This work was supported by the National Fund of Nature Science of China.
Beijing: Science Press (2011).
O, USA, Patent 4,724,105. (1988) [6] Yingcai ZHANG, Yu-ning SUN, Guan-jun FENG: Mechanics in Engineering, 19 (1997), p. 54 (In Chinese) [7] Hong-bing XIA, Lei LI, Hong-hao MA: Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 21 (2013), p. 85 (In Chinese) [8] Xin-hui LI, Pin GAO: Blasting, 25 (2008), p. 79 (In Chinese) [9] Guo-liang YANG, Ren-shu YANG, Qiang TONG: Journal of China Coal Society, 37 (2012), p. 385 (In Chinese) [10] Yong LUO, Zhao-wu SHEN: Explosion and Shock Waves, 26 (2006), p. 250 (In Chinese) [11] Yao ZHOU, Xiao-lin LI, Yan-jun TONG, et.al: Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants, 29 (2006), p. 70 (In Chinese) [12] Yong LUO, Zhao-wu SHEN, Xiao-rong CUI: Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 14(2006), p. 236 (In Chinese)

Material Flow Analysis (MFA) of water in campus is also used to model the scenario rainwater harvesting for reuse purpose.
MFA is an environmental accounting tool which is used to quantify flows or quantity of material in 1 year in specific system boundary.
Yair, A: Journal of Arid Environment Vol.35 No.2(1997), p.341–348
Gong: Journal of Hydrology Vol.257 No.(1–4) (2002), p.134–144
Rechberger: Practical Handbook of Material Flow Analysis (Lewis Publishers, Florida (2004)