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Online since: March 2006
Authors: Gi Sung Park, Deok Hyun Lee, Myung Sik Choi, Do Haeng Hur, Jung Ho Han, Gyung Guk Kim, Seung Dae Noh, Seon Jin Kim
Thus research on the sliding wear behavior and extensive library of the
sliding wear data are crucially needed.
In addition, one of the reasons for the decrease of the wear rate is the reduction of contact stress caused by the increased contact area.
However, as stated in the previous studies [6, 7], the contact area of the present specimens did not increase further due to the reduction of wear rate caused by the formation of glaze layers with sliding distance.
In other words, the reduction of contact stress had significant effects on the decrease of wear rate only at the beginning of sliding wear.
Even though it is difficult to pinpoint which is the main mechanism for the parabolic wear behavior at the present time, it is likely that both the formation of glaze layers and the reduction of contact stress contributed the parabolic wear behavior in 300 ℃ water environment.
In addition, one of the reasons for the decrease of the wear rate is the reduction of contact stress caused by the increased contact area.
However, as stated in the previous studies [6, 7], the contact area of the present specimens did not increase further due to the reduction of wear rate caused by the formation of glaze layers with sliding distance.
In other words, the reduction of contact stress had significant effects on the decrease of wear rate only at the beginning of sliding wear.
Even though it is difficult to pinpoint which is the main mechanism for the parabolic wear behavior at the present time, it is likely that both the formation of glaze layers and the reduction of contact stress contributed the parabolic wear behavior in 300 ℃ water environment.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Hsien Wei Tseng, Yung Wen Lee, Ming Hsueh Chuang, Yih Guang Jan, Chih Yuan Lo, Yang Han Lee
In wireless communication system the feasibility of high data rate is proved by utilizing MIMO technique, its reliable data rate for each antenna transmission path is 150 Mbps PHY rate and it needs to have at least 7 antennas to reach the PHY rate of 1 Gbps.
In this paper it has the goal of using 7 ~8 antennas to attain 1 Gbps data rate [4-6].
The Design of High Data Rate Multi-antenna System In this paper it is to determine in the high data rate IEEE 802.11n system how many dBs is required in the antenna isolation to attain the maximal rate transmission.
This isolation is defined as the required minimum isolation between two antennas in order to attain the maximal data rate.
In IEEE 802.11n when it uses only 1 antenna to transmit data stream its maximal PHY rate is 150 Mbps or 135 Mbps (Nss=1).
In this paper it has the goal of using 7 ~8 antennas to attain 1 Gbps data rate [4-6].
The Design of High Data Rate Multi-antenna System In this paper it is to determine in the high data rate IEEE 802.11n system how many dBs is required in the antenna isolation to attain the maximal rate transmission.
This isolation is defined as the required minimum isolation between two antennas in order to attain the maximal data rate.
In IEEE 802.11n when it uses only 1 antenna to transmit data stream its maximal PHY rate is 150 Mbps or 135 Mbps (Nss=1).
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Clayton Stone, Miloslav Bagoňa
As a result this material meets the strict 2020, EU climate change criteria drafted in 2007 which requires a 20% reduction in carbon and energy emissions based on a reference year (2000) [2].The paper identifies the prerequisites and experimental procedures needed to categorize and designate a cement stabilized rammed earth sample, of given material composition and configuration, for a predefined geographical region in order to satisfy thermal constraints.
Whilst doing research on "The effects of thermal stability in residential loft spaces during summer periods", Stanislav Toth proved that: "... increasing the mass of internal envelope structures, achieves the greatest reduction in the maximum-daily-fluctuations of indoor-air-temperature"[5].
Qualitative research proposal The qualitative phase will probe the following: • Population and configurations of samples • Sample size and selection • Sources of data • Data collection and management • Timeframes 4.1 Population and configuration of samples This task quantifies the population for testing based on various configurations.
Insulation dimensions should aim to meet minimum "Passive house" requirements for Slovakia; 0.15 (W/m2K) as of 2012. 4.3 Sources of information · Data will be sourced from existing codes, manuals and relevant journals
Dušan Katunsky PhD, et al., will guarantee quality assurance for building physics experiments and procedures. 4.4 Data collection and management By identifying and processing key quality characteristics, data collection processes will gather information on variables of interest, in an established systematic fashion that answers stated research questions, tests hypotheses, and evaluates outcomes. 4.5 Timeframes Because the lab consists of only one set of chambers, adequate planning must be made to efficiently test samples and store and analyze data simultaneously.
Whilst doing research on "The effects of thermal stability in residential loft spaces during summer periods", Stanislav Toth proved that: "... increasing the mass of internal envelope structures, achieves the greatest reduction in the maximum-daily-fluctuations of indoor-air-temperature"[5].
Qualitative research proposal The qualitative phase will probe the following: • Population and configurations of samples • Sample size and selection • Sources of data • Data collection and management • Timeframes 4.1 Population and configuration of samples This task quantifies the population for testing based on various configurations.
Insulation dimensions should aim to meet minimum "Passive house" requirements for Slovakia; 0.15 (W/m2K) as of 2012. 4.3 Sources of information · Data will be sourced from existing codes, manuals and relevant journals
Dušan Katunsky PhD, et al., will guarantee quality assurance for building physics experiments and procedures. 4.4 Data collection and management By identifying and processing key quality characteristics, data collection processes will gather information on variables of interest, in an established systematic fashion that answers stated research questions, tests hypotheses, and evaluates outcomes. 4.5 Timeframes Because the lab consists of only one set of chambers, adequate planning must be made to efficiently test samples and store and analyze data simultaneously.
Online since: August 2012
Authors: Lei Du, Fa Rong Huang, Hui Min Qi, Kang Kang Guo, Xin Xin Sun
Thermal Stability of Cured PBSA
The TGA curves of cured PBSA under air and nitrogen were shown in Fig. 4, while the composite crucial data such as Td5 (temperature at weight lost 5%) and the residue at 1000oC were summarized in Table 1.
These data shows the perfect thermal stability while the oxidative stability is not good.
TGA feature data of cured PBSA Samples under nitrogen under air Td5 [°C] Residue[%] at 1000°C Td5 [°C] Residue[%] at 1000°C PBSA 439 77.6 414 18.7 D.
These data shows the perfect thermal stability and oxidative stability of ceramics derived from PBSA.
TGA data of ceramized PBSA Samples Ceramics derived from PBSA(under N2) Ceramics derived from PBSA(under air) Td5[°C] Residue [%] at 1000°C Td5[°C] Residue [%] at 1000°C PBSA / 97.4 600 15.8 Fig. 5.
These data shows the perfect thermal stability while the oxidative stability is not good.
TGA feature data of cured PBSA Samples under nitrogen under air Td5 [°C] Residue[%] at 1000°C Td5 [°C] Residue[%] at 1000°C PBSA 439 77.6 414 18.7 D.
These data shows the perfect thermal stability and oxidative stability of ceramics derived from PBSA.
TGA data of ceramized PBSA Samples Ceramics derived from PBSA(under N2) Ceramics derived from PBSA(under air) Td5[°C] Residue [%] at 1000°C Td5[°C] Residue [%] at 1000°C PBSA / 97.4 600 15.8 Fig. 5.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Mao Mao Hou, Yu Min Yan, Xue Wang
Soil type and data of original physical and chemical properties of the soil in the experimental plot are shown in Table 1.
The datum point number was 0.
Among all the treatments, non-drainage treatment(CK) performed quite poor, the EC desalination quantity of which was much less than the drainage treatments, What's more, after 4th July, it was on an almost horizontal curve, this demonstrated that only irrigation without subsurface drainage had little effect on the salinity reduction.
With the drainage system, the surface soil EC was in a trend of fluctuant reduction, the desalination ratio of T1.1, T1.2, T2.1, T2.2 and CK was 13.5%, 11.2%, 14.8%, 12.6%, and 6.0% respectively, proving that T2 was the better design, and the desalination effect of drainage treatments was satisfactory.
Quantative inversion based on hyperspectral data for soil salinization in the ecological corridor of tarim river, xinjiang,china; proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Proceedings, July 6, 2008 - July 11, 2008, Boston, MA, United states, F, 2008 [C].
The datum point number was 0.
Among all the treatments, non-drainage treatment(CK) performed quite poor, the EC desalination quantity of which was much less than the drainage treatments, What's more, after 4th July, it was on an almost horizontal curve, this demonstrated that only irrigation without subsurface drainage had little effect on the salinity reduction.
With the drainage system, the surface soil EC was in a trend of fluctuant reduction, the desalination ratio of T1.1, T1.2, T2.1, T2.2 and CK was 13.5%, 11.2%, 14.8%, 12.6%, and 6.0% respectively, proving that T2 was the better design, and the desalination effect of drainage treatments was satisfactory.
Quantative inversion based on hyperspectral data for soil salinization in the ecological corridor of tarim river, xinjiang,china; proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Proceedings, July 6, 2008 - July 11, 2008, Boston, MA, United states, F, 2008 [C].
Online since: October 2023
Authors: Arsy Rachma Zain, Mohammad Masykuri
Next, perform calculations to determine the isotherm pattern that occurs by plotting the data that has been obtained into the following equation:
Table 2.
From the data of the Freundlich isotherm, the value 1/n = 0.011 with a Freundlich coefficient of 0.140 and R2 value 0.979 indicates that the adsorption occurs favorable.
The reduction efficiency still showed an increasing trend at 100 minutes, which was 99% (w/v) and decreased at 120 minutes contact time to 96% (w/v).
While the optimum contact time is 100 minutes, the percentage reduction of heavy metal Cr(VI) is 99% (w, v) and the percentage reduction of heavy metal Cr(VI) in batik industry wastewater with the application of optimum conditions at the upstream 72% (w/v), points downstream 83% (w/v).
Ul Haq, “Reduction of chromium(VI) by locally isolated Pseudomonas sp.
From the data of the Freundlich isotherm, the value 1/n = 0.011 with a Freundlich coefficient of 0.140 and R2 value 0.979 indicates that the adsorption occurs favorable.
The reduction efficiency still showed an increasing trend at 100 minutes, which was 99% (w/v) and decreased at 120 minutes contact time to 96% (w/v).
While the optimum contact time is 100 minutes, the percentage reduction of heavy metal Cr(VI) is 99% (w, v) and the percentage reduction of heavy metal Cr(VI) in batik industry wastewater with the application of optimum conditions at the upstream 72% (w/v), points downstream 83% (w/v).
Ul Haq, “Reduction of chromium(VI) by locally isolated Pseudomonas sp.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Li Qun Wei, Yan Hui Guo
The rolling force model and energy calculation equation for 20CrMnTi steel are constructed based on practically measured data and theoretical math model.
--reduction, mm.)
According to the practically measured and the calculated data, the rolling force equation of S.Ekelund is adopted to calculate the rolling force of 20CrMnTi steel.
The rolling load of the mill increases, but the energy consumption of the furnace reduces, and this leads to the reduction of the whole energy consumption of the production line.
--reduction, mm.)
According to the practically measured and the calculated data, the rolling force equation of S.Ekelund is adopted to calculate the rolling force of 20CrMnTi steel.
The rolling load of the mill increases, but the energy consumption of the furnace reduces, and this leads to the reduction of the whole energy consumption of the production line.
Online since: December 2011
Authors: Shu Zhen Shang, Xiao Ling Tang, Jiao Jiao Wang, Wan Ning Zhang, Gui Min Lu
On basis of the experimental data of semi-solid ZL201, a model of was established to describe the relationship between the processing parameters and flow stress, which showed that the experimental results and calculation ones fitted well.
Semi-solid metal forming processes are of large industrial interest for the production of various components because they have advantages over casting, forging, and powder metallurgy techniques, such as reduction of macro-segregation, reduction of porosity, low forming efforts and possibility of near-net shape forming, etc[7-9].
Third, on basis of the experimental data of semi-solid ZL201, a model is established to describe the relationship between the processing parameters and flow stress: .
Semi-solid metal forming processes are of large industrial interest for the production of various components because they have advantages over casting, forging, and powder metallurgy techniques, such as reduction of macro-segregation, reduction of porosity, low forming efforts and possibility of near-net shape forming, etc[7-9].
Third, on basis of the experimental data of semi-solid ZL201, a model is established to describe the relationship between the processing parameters and flow stress: .
Online since: July 2013
Authors: Noorsidi Aizuddin Mat Noor
The cost figures may be implemented to justify higher investments, for examples, in the quality or flexibility of building solutions through a long-term cost reduction.
The production of floor coverings has a significant impact on the common environment in all stages of the product’s life cycle, and research has shown that there is considerable scope for the reduction of such impacts.
Methods The research methodology followed by a traditional approach of data collection, analysis, pilot survey and review.
Historical cost and building quality data were collected from two selected buildings on public high rise building housing in Johor Bahru, and about 2862 randomly resident received the survey questionnaire to support this study (refer Table 1).
(ICC) j = the one time initial construction cost in year j (ACC) k = the one time additional construction cost in year k t = the year of cost is incurred n = the actual service life or period of economic interest EFMt = the economic model operation and maintenance factor for the year t (M) t = the sum of maintenance and repair costs occurring at year t (R) t = the sum of rehabilitation costs occurring at year t (U) t = the annual building service costs occurring at year t (CEPers) t = the annual construction engineering personnel costs occurring at year t (PILT) t = the annual payments in lieu of taxes occurring at year t Presenting cost data in constant year Malaysian Ringgit allows for the comparison of expenditures over a specified period.
The production of floor coverings has a significant impact on the common environment in all stages of the product’s life cycle, and research has shown that there is considerable scope for the reduction of such impacts.
Methods The research methodology followed by a traditional approach of data collection, analysis, pilot survey and review.
Historical cost and building quality data were collected from two selected buildings on public high rise building housing in Johor Bahru, and about 2862 randomly resident received the survey questionnaire to support this study (refer Table 1).
(ICC) j = the one time initial construction cost in year j (ACC) k = the one time additional construction cost in year k t = the year of cost is incurred n = the actual service life or period of economic interest EFMt = the economic model operation and maintenance factor for the year t (M) t = the sum of maintenance and repair costs occurring at year t (R) t = the sum of rehabilitation costs occurring at year t (U) t = the annual building service costs occurring at year t (CEPers) t = the annual construction engineering personnel costs occurring at year t (PILT) t = the annual payments in lieu of taxes occurring at year t Presenting cost data in constant year Malaysian Ringgit allows for the comparison of expenditures over a specified period.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Constantin Udrea, Octavian Donţu, Daniel Constantin Comeagă, Cristian Necula
The system is improved by adding 1 degree of freedom at the orientation unit, reduction of noise and new software version.
The system is improved by adding 1 degree of freedom at the orientation unit, reduction of noise and new software version.
The PULSE software is controlling a data acquisition unit specialized in acquiring signals from the intensity probes.
The control panel of the virtual instrument for communicating with FESTO controllers is presented in Fig. 4 and is split in 3 area: - programming the communication parameters ( baud rate, number of data bits, parity, stop bits, flow control, XON/XOFF characters, etc.) and VISA names for the three axes; - programming the movements (positions, speed), buttons for executing the next command; button for execution of the actual positioning command, button for emergency stop; - input of different command, buttons for stop of the command in use; - indicators for the messages send by the microcontrollers.
The system allows control of external motor controllers, a DSP board and also a specialized acoustic data acquisition unit.
The system is improved by adding 1 degree of freedom at the orientation unit, reduction of noise and new software version.
The PULSE software is controlling a data acquisition unit specialized in acquiring signals from the intensity probes.
The control panel of the virtual instrument for communicating with FESTO controllers is presented in Fig. 4 and is split in 3 area: - programming the communication parameters ( baud rate, number of data bits, parity, stop bits, flow control, XON/XOFF characters, etc.) and VISA names for the three axes; - programming the movements (positions, speed), buttons for executing the next command; button for execution of the actual positioning command, button for emergency stop; - input of different command, buttons for stop of the command in use; - indicators for the messages send by the microcontrollers.
The system allows control of external motor controllers, a DSP board and also a specialized acoustic data acquisition unit.