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Due to [1] it is denoted as a “white layer” because it is hard in comparison to the bulk material and, hence, etches white.
Authors prove that white layer is the region of plastically deformed material with fine grained structure.
Acknowledgments The reported study was supported by Russian Science Foundation (RSF), research project №18-19-00736.
Maeda, Wire Journal International, 11 (2008) 68-75

Erection of reinforcement cage Design Chart and Materials Properties.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Huai’an Industrial Project Support Plan (HAG2010032), Huaiyin Institute of Technology Natural Science Foundation (HB0914).
Gambarova:Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE. 130(8), pp. 1214-1224

., which is subject to such issues as weak quantitative and qualitative analyses and waste of material resources, etc.
[3] Ma Xiangdong, “Important issues on the preparation of environmental sanitation facilities planning”, Science, p. 760
[5] Zhou Gang and Xie Zhiying, “Study on the rural living environment infrastructure construction of new countryside”, Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, pp. 13864–13865

Analysis of Fretting Wear of Type II Fastener Elastic Bar WU Zeng 1, a, NING Xiao-jun 1,b and ZHAO Ping-rui 2,c 1 FacuIty of CiviI Engineering and Architecture, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming China 650500 2School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu China 610031 a11856658@qq.com, bwuzhou0123@kmust.edu.cn, cwu_xianjia@163.com Keywords: fastener; elastic bar; non-linear contact theory; fretting wear; fatigue; fracture Abstract.
Tab.1 The value of and at each position of elastic bar Position /MPa / Remarks A 46.7 72.3 The maximum value of B 542.4 0 The maximum value of C 493.6 7.4 The maximum value of Fig.4 The extreme point values of, and of elastic bar No fatigue phenomenon would be happened on acromegaly for stress did not reach the minimum of elastic bar material() according to the fatigue theory, fatigue fracture would be happened in B point for shear stress of maximum;but according to the fretting wear and fretting fatigue theory, if the fretting wear in fracture process was played a leading role in the process, it should be fracture in C point.
[4] WU Qing-hai,CHEN Hou-chang,ZHOU Hong-wei,ZHU Yong-geng.Stress and Deformation Analysis of Type Ⅲ Fastener Elastic Bar by Non-linear Contact Theory[J].China Railway Science,2003,24(1):69-74 [5] Hao Ying.
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2005(41):203-209

Experiment Experimental material.
[2] Kun Zhu and Yingchao Ji: Optimal design to degumming technology of hemp fiber, edited by Wool Textile Journal.
[3] Julong Deng: Basic method of grey system, edited by Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press, (1987)
[4] Geng Wang and Minsheng Wang: Modern methods of mathematical modeling, edited by Peking: Science Press in Peking, (2008), p. 145~156.

Influences of Tunnel Excavation Blasting Vibration on Surface High-Rise Building Hailiang Wanga ,Tongwei Gaob, Key Laboratory of Mine Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266510, Shandong, China aTLGCBP@263.net, btongwei_gao@126.com Keywords: Tunnel; Blasting; Vibration Velocity; Main Vibration Frequency; Amplification Effect; High-Rise Building Abstract.
Response characteristic of ground high building to tunnel excavation blasting vibration is related to building structure, building material, geological, blasting parameter, and spatial position relation of tunnel and building, monitoring equipment and so on.
Acknowledgements (1)National Natural Science Foundation (10672091) (2) Education Department Technology Planned Project of Shandong Province (011541803) Reference [1] Hailiang Wang: Engineering Blasting.
[3] Yongqiang YU, Guangchao WEN: Journal of Liaoning Technical University.

The main cause of distability of rock soil body is the destroy force being much larger than resisting force, the former depends on stress enviroment, the latter depends on strenth parameters of material, rock discing as a destroy phenomena is in this way also.Generally, the stress field changing and stress concentration under core bottom in drilling process induce the core failure.
Acknowledgements The authors deeply appreciate support from Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2009QN050), Liaoning Province Education Depertment Fund(L2010063) and the National Natural Science Foundation (51079010).
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, Vol22(8)( 2003). pp.1250–1254
“A New Optimizer Using Particles Swarm Theory”, Sixth International Symposium on Micro Machine and Human Science (Nagoya, Japan),Piscataway, NJ:IEEE Service Center(1995), pp.39-43

China 2College of Information Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, P.R.
To complete the whole process of online transactions in the human, financial, material, internal customers and all aspects of the coordination and management.
Lu “Research of Electronic Commerce System Development Based on Struts and Hibernate,” Journal of Information, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 37-39, 2008
Zheng, “Application Research for Integrated SSH Combination Framework to Achieve MVC Mode,” IEEE Computer Society Press: 2011 International Conference on Computational and Information Sciences, vol. 2, pp. 499-502, 2011

Highway as national assets is an important material basis for the national economic and social sustainable development.
(3) Economic depreciation Economic depreciation is commonly caused by external factors (such as development level of economy and science).
Changsha University of Science & Technology, 2009
Journal of China & Foreign Highway, 2003, 23(1): 4-7

The citizens’ multi-cultural participation enables to protect the material spatial forms of the village, at the same time save the original forms of village life, which can maximally reflect the cultural essences of ancient village protection.
Acknowledgement The thesis is supported by Shaanxi College Philosophy and Social Sciences in Building Characteristic Discipline Project.
(In Chinese) [5] C.Tang: Journal of Xinxiang University (Social Sciences Edition), Vol.24 (2010) No.4,p.52.