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So ecological environment, water environment, landscape environment should be considered to form environment factors.
Table 1 Decision-making factors selection table of Mountainous highway routing Target layer Criterion layer Decision-making layer Schematic layer - General goal : Technical feasibility Route length Plan Plan Minimum radius of the Horizontal Curve Maximum longitudinal slope Minimum radius of Concave vertical curve Minimum radius of Convex vertical curve Intersection points of Horizontal Curve : Engineering indicators Quantity of Earth and Stone works Quantity of Culvert The length of highway subgrade excavation and filling Quantity of Large bridge The number of drainage and protective works The quantity of Interchange The quantity of Freeway Interchange Area of unfavorable geology The length of the treatment of special roadbed : Economic evaluation Engineering Cost National Economic Evaluation : Environmental impact Score of Eco-environmental Impact Score of Water Environment Impact Area of Landscape Impact Determination of Decision-making factors weight.
Minimum radius of the Horizontal Curve 2400m 4000 m 4500 m Maximum longitudinal slope 5%/1 4%/1 5%/1 Minimum radius of Concave vertical curve 8000 m 6715 m 7000 m Minimum radius of Convex vertical curve/m 8600 m 8000 m 12000 m The num of intersection points of Horizontal Curve 10 13 12 Engineering indicators Quantity of Earth and Stone works 3748.08 m³ 4275.96 m³ 5489.21 m³ Quantity of Culvert 32 45 38 The length of highway subgrade excavation and filling 324m 256m 549m Quantity of Large bridge 1 2 1 The number of drainage and protective works 67539. 44 m³ 75658.57 m³ 69586.35 m³ The num of Interchange 6 5 7 The num of Freeway Interchange 98 69 36 area of unfavorable geology 53426.23㎡ 45726.28㎡ 57895.46㎡ The length of the treatment of special roadbed 10.45km 17.68km 13.25km Economic evaluation Engineering Cost 4559.8924 5369.9617 4835.6325 National Economic Evaluation EIRR/% 0.1504 0.1249 0.1326 Environmental impact Score of Eco-environmental Impact 80 90 80 Score of Water
Decision-making factors Quantity of Large bridge Quantity of Culvert Area of unfavorable geology The length of the treatment of special roadbed The length of highway subgrade excavation and filling Quantity of Earth and Stone works The number of drainage and protective works The quantity of Interchange The quantity of Freeway Interchange 1 [45 50] [45 50] [25 30] [15 25] [15 25] [20 25] [25 35] [5 10] [5 10] 2 [40 40] [40 40] [20 20] [20 20] [20 20] [15 15] [15 15] [5 5] [5 5] 3 [35 40] [35 40] [20 25] [15 20] [15 20] [15 25] [20 25] [4 6] [5 8] 4 [33 36] [33 36] [25 35] [20 25] [20 25] [15 20] [25 30] [0 10] [0 10] Table 6 Interval Grey Number of economic evaluation Decision-makers Decision-making factors Engineering Cost National Economic Evaluation 1 [75 85] [15 25] 2 [70 80] [20 30] 3 [60 70] [30 40] 4 [75 80] [20 25] Table 7 Interval Grey Number of environmental impact Decision-makers Decision-making factors Eco-environmental Impact Water
References [1] Yunbo Li,Qiping Shen,Heng Li.Design of Spatial Decision Support Systems for property professionals using MapObjects and Excel.Automation in Construction, 2004(13):565-573

Basin Rural Water Environment Condition Basin Rural Water Environment Problem Analysis.
Water was polluted since the late 1970s.
Pesticides and fertilizers use, sewage irrigation, mulch residue cause water pollution in soil, surface water and underground water.
Because sewage discharges intermittently and randomly, the region sets low water standards and the quanlity and quantity of water fluctuate.
In the case of relatively week economics, complex geographical conditions, lack of professional management in Dianchi Lake Basin, based on site survey and rural sewage treatment technique in other place，this paper try to find out the most economical technique equipped with less investment, low energy consumption, convenient management, good effect, well anti-impact capability. 1) Enhanced Ecological Wetland Technique.

But until 1990 Rau and other professors really begins to use professional design of water knife in clinical applications in Germany [1].
Industrial water jet has a wide working pressure range, therefore the nozzle materials of water jet are various.
“A new study of water knife debridement equipment”.
“High pressure water cutting nozzles research”.
“Water jet cutting technology and application”.

With regards to professional activities, the thermal conditions to which the foot is exposed can be extreme, when considered hard physical work in confined environments.
The main goal of this work is the development of professional footwear capable of an active regulation of its interior temperature, through the integration of electrical heating and/or cooling systems.
In both cases, the cooling water was at room temperature.
A liquid cold plate was attached to the hot side of the thermoelectric device, with the circulating water being kept at room temperature.
Figure 5 - Water cooling system used in testing.

According to analysis on “three characteristics”, main modes of new rural development of it are industrial enterprise leading mode, urban construction leading mode, modern agriculture leading mode, ecological animal husbandry leading mode, leisure tourism leading mode and professional market leading mode.
It has abundant water resource for Wuding River traverses it.
Professional market leading mode Rural commerce service industry and market are developed, rural market center is established to promote industry and lead countryside economy. ①perfect infrastructure; ② better location condition; ③support of relative industry.
Professional market leading mode Wuding River community: is located in Wuding River Town and involves three villages.
Rely on logistics park under construction and traffic condition to establish professional market.

From June to September every year, the concentrated rainfall in their drainage area, especially the strong rainfall, usually increased the anabranches runoff sharply in short time and caused water level of the Yellow River trunk stream rise quickly at the city district, and that usually brought out flood disasters accordingly.
In 1805, ＂water level of the Yellow River rose suddenly and sharply at Lanzhou city during the evening time in June 19th...
The earthquake disaster and secondary disasters would seriously damaged buildings, roads, electricity facilities, water supply and drainage facilities, and also would sharply reduce the suitable construction land in city district.
Simultaneously, the city prevention disaster planning is only a professional planning in city general planning, and not a statutory planning, and its content is appeared with several single disaster preventions, which are earthquake disaster reduction planning, flood control planning, geology disaster prevention planning, etc.
And formulate integrated disaster prevention planning and disaster emergency plan by organizing professionals and relevant departments.

Typical Distresses of Skewback, Abutments and Foundation 1） Asymmetry deformation of arch ribs or sedimentation of foundation leads to cracks and crushing on skewback and foundation. 2） The concrete of foundation cracks, seep water and expose steel bars, because of wash out and erode or poor construction quality. 3） Sidewalls and conical slope swell, crack and sink after absorbing water, for the reason of drain destroy, compacting shortage or poor masonry quality.
(a) Cracks and spalling of concrete on ribs (b) Water seeping on ribs (c) Concrete spalling between ribs and crossbeam (d) Pillars on the arch installed error Fig.3.
Moreover, due to shortage of professionals and funds, maintenance mostly aims at members on the top of deck, such as deck pavement, water pipes and rails, and members under deck are ignored sometimes.

These factors were further assessed through online interviews with knowledgeable professionals in construction and associated nanomaterials.
The secondary method of data collection consisted of interviewing an expert in this field, as well as an accredited green star building professional in South Africa, knowledgeable in construction (names withheld).
Materials incorporating TiO2 also gives off hydrophobic properties, meaning that when rainwater/water is applied to the surface, the water is spread over the surface evenly which washes the broken-down pollutants, dust and dirt away.
Furthermore, NS reduces the potential of degradation by reducing the porosity of concrete and the ability of water to penetrate it.
With these phones; clients, tenants and owners can manage a building’s water and electricity metering through an app.

Desalination is the most viable solution to the 21th century's shortage of fresh water to be obtained from sources of saline waters (SW), mainly seawater and brackish water.
The economic and social relevance of the desalination industry is evident by the activities of the diverse international and national professional associations and R & D institutions involved in all the aspects of desalination science, engine ring and technology.
In general, the thermal processes are more expensive than RO but distillation produces pure water independent of the quality and salinity of the feed water.
The average expense for desalting brackish water is 0.50 USD/m3 and for seawater 1.5 USD/m3.
Technologies, Fresh Water from the Sea, (2004) Israel www.ide-tech.com [4] G.

Piping System Design of Subsea Manifold Jing’an Zhang1,a, Zhuo Wei1,b, Chenggang Li1,c, Changbao Sun1,d 1Geophysical -China Oilfield Services Limited, Tianjin 300450 azhangja@cosl.com.cn, bweizhuo@cosl.com.cn, clicg@cosl.com.cn, dsuncb@cosl.com.cn Key words: Deep water, Manifold, Piping, West Africa, Strength check Abstract: Show the layout of subsea manifold piping system, whose design base on the relevant parameters of the E oil and gas field in West Africa.
Design of manifold’s piping system: (1)Routing layout should be as compact as possible under the premise to meet the erosion shield requirements and consider different angles between the different subsea production facilities jumper; (2)The pipeline connection is reliable, safe, in the life of trouble-free; (3)Subsea pipelines jumper need to facilitate operating on the surface in the help of ROV; (4)The pipeline should not be crushed in deep-water.
Take calculated based on security consideration, input the maximum flow rate in a century in various water depth to AUTOPIPE to obtained stress under the extreme conditions
Summary For different oilfield, it should be in accordance with the parameters of the reservoir to design subsea manifold, especially in deep water, selecting an appropriate design method is very critical because of the complex sea conditions and high costs of detection and maintenance.
In accordance with authoritative international standards, using professional pipe design and checking software and selecting the parameters of the target oilfield accurately make subsea manifold design safe and stable and have an important significance to localization for deep water equipment and breaking the monopoly of foreign technology.