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Online since: November 2011
Authors: Liang Chen, Qiang Xiao, Chao Geng
The coding model of proposed vocoder is built on the MELP, in which bit rate reduction is achieved by taking advantage of PLVQ and TSM techniques.
With our speech data base, PLVQ can save up to 4 bits/frame compared to unstructured codebook MSVQ.
The speech data is taken from the TIMIT database, and down-sampled to 8 kHz.
Conclusion We present a low bit rate speech coder around 1.1 kbps, the coding model is built on MELP, but bit rate reduction is achieved by taking advantage of PLVQ and TSM techniques.
With our speech data base, PLVQ can save up to 4 bits/frame compared to unstructured codebook MSVQ.
The speech data is taken from the TIMIT database, and down-sampled to 8 kHz.
Conclusion We present a low bit rate speech coder around 1.1 kbps, the coding model is built on MELP, but bit rate reduction is achieved by taking advantage of PLVQ and TSM techniques.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Jian Hu, Zi Yang Li, Bo Zhu, Xing Wen Cai
Universal Remote Sensing Parallel Process Framework
As mentioned before, remote sensing data processing has its own distinct characteristic: data comes from multiple sensors (such as optical cameras, SAR, e.g.), multi-types of data processing (such as radiometric correction, geometric correction and fusion, e.g.).
Fig.1 Data flow of framework Structure of the Framework The framework is built on message passing, through message passing interface (MPI), the data is sent and received.
Task divider: divide the data to each computing node.
The data source is high spectral data captured from the unmanned aerial vehicle, with 128 bands and 1030 pixels in each line.
From the curve trend, we can see the reduce rate is not linear, the computing time will reach a relatively stable stage after a sharp reduction.
Fig.1 Data flow of framework Structure of the Framework The framework is built on message passing, through message passing interface (MPI), the data is sent and received.
Task divider: divide the data to each computing node.
The data source is high spectral data captured from the unmanned aerial vehicle, with 128 bands and 1030 pixels in each line.
From the curve trend, we can see the reduce rate is not linear, the computing time will reach a relatively stable stage after a sharp reduction.
Online since: July 2015
Authors: Ryutaro Tanaka, Keiji Yamada, Yasuo Yamane, Jie Xu, Katsuhiko Sekiya
Ft_Vel=1t0i=2kFti-Fti-1 (3)
In Eq.3, k indicates the number of data points in the period of t0.
Fr_STDEV=1ni=1n(Fti-Ft)2+(Fpi-Fp)2 (4) Fr_Vel=1t0j=2m(Ftj-Ftj-1)2+(Fpj-Fpj-1)2 (5) In Eq.4, n means the number of data points during the whole sampling period; while in Eq.5 m indicates the number of data points in the period of t0.
To recognize the pattern of workpiece material with BPNN, the training knowledge data base is necessary, which comprised of the input and target data.
Seven different spindle speeds are involved in the experiments which makes the target data a 256×7 matrix.
Therefore the target data set is a 256×6 matrix.
Fr_STDEV=1ni=1n(Fti-Ft)2+(Fpi-Fp)2 (4) Fr_Vel=1t0j=2m(Ftj-Ftj-1)2+(Fpj-Fpj-1)2 (5) In Eq.4, n means the number of data points during the whole sampling period; while in Eq.5 m indicates the number of data points in the period of t0.
To recognize the pattern of workpiece material with BPNN, the training knowledge data base is necessary, which comprised of the input and target data.
Seven different spindle speeds are involved in the experiments which makes the target data a 256×7 matrix.
Therefore the target data set is a 256×6 matrix.
Online since: September 2010
Authors: Gan Tek Keong, Jaafar Sahari, Abu Bakar Sulong
Experimental results of two sizes if filler shown that
fine filler mold compound exhibited in reduction of gate chip off formation, compared to normal
filler mold compound.
The demand for microelectronics package has increased tremendously in recent years because of the reduction in size of electrical components.
DOE is a technique widely used by many scientists and engineers to structure the data collection process for reducing trial and error.
DOE suggests various designs, which can reduce the number of data points to collect, while at the same time collecting sufficient data for analytical objectives [4,5].
This would lead to the reduction of possibility of gate chip off formation due higher strength of gate at fine mold compound than normal mold compund.
The demand for microelectronics package has increased tremendously in recent years because of the reduction in size of electrical components.
DOE is a technique widely used by many scientists and engineers to structure the data collection process for reducing trial and error.
DOE suggests various designs, which can reduce the number of data points to collect, while at the same time collecting sufficient data for analytical objectives [4,5].
This would lead to the reduction of possibility of gate chip off formation due higher strength of gate at fine mold compound than normal mold compund.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Zahra Motaghi
Vat and indigo dyes are the series of dyes of different chemical constitution is grouped under this name; they are insoluble in water but by reduction in alkaline solutions are converted into hydro soluble leuco derivatives.
The reduction of vat dyes is based on reversible quinone/hydroquinone reaction which requires reducing agent [5].The reduction of vat and sulphur dyes has attracted much attention in recent years.
The reflectance data of each two samples of dyeing with sodium dithionite and Sheghar were reported in one spectrogram. 2.2.3.
[6] A Roessler, State of the art technologies and new electrochemical methods for the reduction of vat dyes, Dyes and Pigments. 59-3 (2003) 223-235
[8] A Kulandainathan, M A Muthukumaran, Potentiostatic studies on indirect electrochemical reduction of vat dyes.
The reduction of vat dyes is based on reversible quinone/hydroquinone reaction which requires reducing agent [5].The reduction of vat and sulphur dyes has attracted much attention in recent years.
The reflectance data of each two samples of dyeing with sodium dithionite and Sheghar were reported in one spectrogram. 2.2.3.
[6] A Roessler, State of the art technologies and new electrochemical methods for the reduction of vat dyes, Dyes and Pigments. 59-3 (2003) 223-235
[8] A Kulandainathan, M A Muthukumaran, Potentiostatic studies on indirect electrochemical reduction of vat dyes.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Zhi Ming Zhu, Tian Miao Shen, Bing Yan He
Scenario 2: The second scenario is the energy efficiency improvement scenario (EEI), in the scenario that current energy conservation and emission reduction have been considered, but measures for CO2 emission reduction is still in consideration.
Compared with BAU scenario, in the EEI scenario, CO2 emission reduction continues to present energy policy.
The data indicates that the CO2 emission reduction policies and measures will affected the rapid growth of the economy in the future.
However, under the EEI and the LC scenario, due to adopt the policy of energy conservation, emission reduction and low-carbon technologies, the growth of energy consumption was restricted to a certain extent.
In addition, with the advent of the low carbon time, the shortage of resources will inevitably lead to the reduction of the consumption about fossil fuel, the share of the alternative energy, such as water, wind and other renewable resources will be greater and greater.
Compared with BAU scenario, in the EEI scenario, CO2 emission reduction continues to present energy policy.
The data indicates that the CO2 emission reduction policies and measures will affected the rapid growth of the economy in the future.
However, under the EEI and the LC scenario, due to adopt the policy of energy conservation, emission reduction and low-carbon technologies, the growth of energy consumption was restricted to a certain extent.
In addition, with the advent of the low carbon time, the shortage of resources will inevitably lead to the reduction of the consumption about fossil fuel, the share of the alternative energy, such as water, wind and other renewable resources will be greater and greater.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Francesco La Via, Marco Mauceri, Danilo Crippa, Andrea Severino, Massimo Camarda, Andrea Canino, Carmelo Vecchio, Antonino La Magna
Therefore, the reduction of deep traps is also required to realize high-voltage SiC bipolar devices.
Unfortunately no electrical data are available for this new process and, from the first result, it seems that the main limitation is related to the use of a single precursor that fixes the C/Si ratio to 1.
In both case a large reduction is observed increasing the growth rate.
Forum, 679-680, 67 (2011) the growth rate should be the main factor in the BPD reduction.
Generally SFs lead to a reduction of carrier life-time and an increase of the leakage current.
Unfortunately no electrical data are available for this new process and, from the first result, it seems that the main limitation is related to the use of a single precursor that fixes the C/Si ratio to 1.
In both case a large reduction is observed increasing the growth rate.
Forum, 679-680, 67 (2011) the growth rate should be the main factor in the BPD reduction.
Generally SFs lead to a reduction of carrier life-time and an increase of the leakage current.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Ming Yang, Juan Juan Xia
It is also a critical component of the fuel cell technology, where platinum acts as the most effective electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction and fuel (including hydrogen, methanol, ethanol, and formic acid) oxidation reaction [5].
Many studies on the methods for the preparation of platinum nanoparticles were reported, such as controlled chemical reduction [7, 8], electrochemical synthesis [9], irradiation method [10], and thermal decomposition process [11, 12].
The peak positions are in good agreement with those for platinum powder obtained from the International Center of Diffraction Data card (ICDD, formerly JCPDS, 04-0802).
The peaks at 71.0 eV and 74.3 eV, which was corrected with reference to C1s (284.6 eV), corresponding to the binding energy of Pt7/24f and Pt5/24f are in good agreement with the data observed for Pt [13].
Many studies on the methods for the preparation of platinum nanoparticles were reported, such as controlled chemical reduction [7, 8], electrochemical synthesis [9], irradiation method [10], and thermal decomposition process [11, 12].
The peak positions are in good agreement with those for platinum powder obtained from the International Center of Diffraction Data card (ICDD, formerly JCPDS, 04-0802).
The peaks at 71.0 eV and 74.3 eV, which was corrected with reference to C1s (284.6 eV), corresponding to the binding energy of Pt7/24f and Pt5/24f are in good agreement with the data observed for Pt [13].
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Xiao Ming Yuan, Zhao Yan Li
The reason possibly is the formation of SPT data mainly from the local area, but the Bachu-Jiashi area soil is quite different, therefore is worth the deep research.
Obviously for the SPT test method provides a unique opportunity. 47 in-situ SPT data have been collected in the liquefaction survey.
Collection of additional 7 sites SPT data.
Liquefied level determination In SPT, a more important step in survey data analysis is to determine the liquefied layer position and thickness.
Preliminary view that the formation of the SPT method data from other regions, while the Bachu-Jiashi area soil and burial conditions associated with these regional differences, it is worth further study. 4.
Obviously for the SPT test method provides a unique opportunity. 47 in-situ SPT data have been collected in the liquefaction survey.
Collection of additional 7 sites SPT data.
Liquefied level determination In SPT, a more important step in survey data analysis is to determine the liquefied layer position and thickness.
Preliminary view that the formation of the SPT method data from other regions, while the Bachu-Jiashi area soil and burial conditions associated with these regional differences, it is worth further study. 4.
Online since: May 2010
Authors: Nan Tian Huang, Dian Guo Xu, Xiao Sheng Liu
The power line communication (PLC) channel has been a transmission medium that
enables to transfer high-speed digital data through the classical electrical wires.
There are a number of challenges associated with data transfer through electrical grid networks.
When the data rate is up to kbps, the channel can be regarded as time invariant [9]
A data transmitting rate of 100 Mbit per second for an OFDM system can be achieved [16]
In the last few years, the international researches about LV power line communication characteristics are mainly focused on the high-speed data transmission.
There are a number of challenges associated with data transfer through electrical grid networks.
When the data rate is up to kbps, the channel can be regarded as time invariant [9]
A data transmitting rate of 100 Mbit per second for an OFDM system can be achieved [16]
In the last few years, the international researches about LV power line communication characteristics are mainly focused on the high-speed data transmission.