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Three-Dimensional Geometrically Exact Dynamic Modeling of Electrohydrodynamic Direct-Writing under a Non-Uniform Electric Field
Abstract:
Electrohydrodynamic direct-writing (EDW) is widely applied in the field of micro-nano manufacturing due to its advantage of rapid deposition of line structure. However, due to the difficulty of bending-torsion coupled modeling for EDW with large deformation, the mechanism and effective control strategies of EDW still unclear. This study firstly establishes a three-dimensional geometrically exact model for EDW using Euler angles. It contains differential equations for the mass conservation, the jet geometry, the jet kinematics, the jet dynamics, and the electric field and charge. Euler angles are used to exactly describe the jet’s geometric variation. A theoretical electric field description for non-uniform electric field is introduced. The universality of the model is validated by reducing the governing equations system to a two-dimensional steady-state situation. The geometrically exact model established in this study is useful for revealing the mechanism of EDW and exploring its control strategies.
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9-16
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June 2026
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© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved
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