Evaluation on Safety of Internal Bambooen and Wooden Biomaterials for Food

Abstract:

China is the biggest country in producing and using of bamboo and wood products for food in the world. The quality status of the bamboo and wood products for food concerns the safety of everybody. Samples were taken for safety indexes testing from the provinces of the main production, and marketing of the bamboo and wood products for food at home. A preliminary conclusion of quality and safety status of the bamboo and wood products for food was drawn via the analysis for testing results, and some foundation work has been done for the quality control of the bamboo and wood products for food.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volume 164)
• Pages: 89-92
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.164.89
• Online since: April 2012
• Authors: Hai Yan Guo, Zhen Zhen Zheng
• Keywords: Bamboo Products, Quality, Safety Indexes, Wood Products

References

[1] Agglutination bamboo chopping block Formaldehyde emission, sulfur dioxide extraction volume, melamine, pentachlorophenol, handle soundness.

[2] Other bamboo chopping block Sulfur dioxide extraction volume, melamine, pentachlorophenol, handle soundness.

[3] Disposable Chopsticks Sulfur dioxide extraction volume, thiabendazole, orthophenylphenol, diphenyl, imazalil, microbial indicator (coliform, pathogenic bacterium, molds), antioxidant residues, burr and sharp edge.

[4] Non-disposable chopsticks Paint chopsticks: Heavy metal, sulfur dioxide extraction volume Ecru chopsticks: Sulfur dioxide extraction volume, burr and sharp edge.

[5] Sticks (fork) Sulfur dioxide extraction volume, microbial indicator(coliform, pathogenic bacterium, molds), antioxidant residues, burr and sharp edge.

[6] Bamboo toothpicks Sulfur dioxide extraction volume, microbial indicator(coliform, pathogenic bacterium, molds), antioxidant residues, burr and sharp edge.

[7] Bamboo tube (tank) Sulfur dioxide extraction volume.

[8] Bamboo Bowl Sulfur dioxide extraction volume, burr and sharp edge.

[9] Bamboo garlic can Sulfur dioxide extraction volume.

[10] Bamboo cage drawer Sulfur dioxide extraction volume.

[11] Bamboo spoon Sulfur dioxide extraction volume, burr and sharp edge.

[12] Agglutination wood chopping block Formaldehyde emission, sulfur dioxide extraction volume, extraction volume, melamine, pentachlorophenol, handle soundness.

[13] Other wood chopping block Sulfur dioxide extraction volume, extraction volume, melamine, pentachlorophenol, handle soundness.

[14] Disposable wooden chopsticks Sulfur dioxide extraction volume, microbial indicator(coliform, pathogenic bacterium, molds), antioxidant residues, burr and sharp edge.

[15] Non-disposable wooden chopsticks Paint chopsticks: heavy metal, sulfur dioxide extraction volume.

[16] Wooden string (fork) for food Sulfur dioxide extraction volume, microbial indicator(coliform, pathogenic bacterium, molds), antioxidant residues, burr and sharp edge.

[17] Wood Toothpicks Sulfur dioxide extraction volume, microbial indicator(coliform, pathogenic bacterium, molds), antioxidant residues, burr and sharp edge.

[18] Wooden bowl Sulfur dioxide extraction volume, burr and sharp edge.

[19] Wood spiked Sulfur dioxide extraction volume.

[20] Wood garlic can Sulfur dioxide extraction volume.

[21] Wooden spoon Sulfur dioxide extraction volume, burr and sharp edge.

[22] Cork Sulfur dioxide extraction volume, antioxidant residues Test results and Comprehensive analysis Owing to space constraints, test results were not listed in this paper, qualified rate was listed according to the inspection items, see Table 2. Table 2 Qualified rate statistical table of inspection findings No. Item Sample size Qualification rate Main unqualified products.

[1] Sulfur dioxide extraction volume 232 99. 1% Bamboo chopsticks.

[2] Antioxidant residues.

[92] 93. 5% Bamboo Toothpicks , bamboo fruit fork.

[3] Heavy metal lead.

[18] 77. 8% Paint chopsticks.

[4] Heavy metal cadmium.

[18] 100.

[5] Heavy metal chromium.

[18] 77. 8% Paint chopsticks.

[6] Heavy metal mercury.

[18] 100.

[7] Coliform.

[84] 100.

[8] Pathogenic bacterium.

[84] 100.

[9] Molds.

[84] 94% Bamboo chopsticks.

[10] Mildew preventive.

[9] 100.

[11] Formaldehyde emission.

[23] 39. 1% Bamboo chopping block, wood chopping block.

[12] Pentachlorophenol.

[25] 100.

[13] Melamine.

[25] 100.

[14] Burr and sharp edge.

[70] 99. 1% Bamboo chopsticks.

[15] Handle soundness.

[13] 92. 3% Bamboo chopping block In several respects such as quantify sample volume, sample varieties, sampling region, inspection items, this test has large sample volume, complete variety, wide controlling area, inspection items are relatively able to response the safety performance of the product. Combined with test results, we make the following analysis on the quality conditions of the domestic bamboo and wood products for food: (1) Antioxidant residues of toothpick, fruit fork which are made of bamboo and the like exceed the standard. The production process of toothpick, fruit fork and food sign which are made of bamboo is similar. In order to bleach and be anticorrosive, enterprises always use hydrogen peroxide, but the super scale of the antioxidant residues didn't appear to bamboo food sign. According to our analysis, that's because appearance of toothpick, fruit fork which are made of bamboo affects sales, but bamboo food sign would not affect sales. This makes the enterprise use excessive bleach, causing the unqualified antioxidant residues of the products. (2) Finishing chopsticks especially paint chopsticks have great quality problems. Qualified rate of the indexes such as the amounts of lead, chromium was low, and amounts of lead and chromium in individual products exceeded badly. (3) Microbial index of the disposable products-Mold is easy to appear not qualified. Through the test, we found that the disposable products in the packaging and storage link were easy to bring secondary pollution, causing microbiowoody indicators of the mold to exceed the standard. (4) Qualified rate of formaldehyde emission values of chopping block was very low. In this detection, the qualified rate was 39. 1%, mainly because at present during the chopping block production, enterprises use adhesives containing aldehydes, which are basically used in the wood based panel production, the surface of wood-based panel usually has finish coat, the surface of chopping block is directly exposed, free formaldehyde is more easily released, causing the formaldehyde emission values of chopping block to exceed the standard. (5) As a whole, wood products quality is better than bamboo products, because bamboo becomes mildewed and decomposed more easily than wood, the material processing technology of bamboo is complex which makes more pollution; Secondly, the aperture in bamboo is so wide, material is porous, at the same treatment conditions, bamboo would adsorb more processing reagents than wood, making pests residues increase. Conclusions Through this test we can see, the quality status of China's bamboo and wood products for food still has some problems. These quality problems are caused by many factors, Such as lack of product standards, it is difficult for related department to police the industry effectively; The industry threshold and practitioner quality are low, product quality issues bring harmfulness to society etc can't be recognized profoundly. Solving these problems will require relevant national authorities to unite, to adopt multi-facetted approach, source from the production, to put the production process into effective supervision, to help enterprises to improve the manufacturing technology level, to improve consciousness of product quality and safety, and to make the whole industry to develop in order to benefit the society.