Improve the Frequency Quality of Power System Using Decentralized Intelligent Loads

Abstract:

Frequency is an indicator of the balance between electricity generation and consumption. Maintaining the frequency stability is the first of all for a stable operation of power system. After analyzing the traditional power system’s primary frequency control, secondary frequency control and tertiary frequency control, the electric heater, water heater, refrigerator, air conditioner and other domestic electric appliances are tried to use to improve the frequency quality as the decentralized intelligent loads based on the thought of “demand following supply”. The statistics of the overall power of different domestic electric appliances of several countries are given. It indicates that the domestic electric appliances can be used to improve the frequency quality from the overall power. The operating characteristics and control requirements of different domestic electric appliances are analyzed. Their control strategies are put forward and model of decentralized intelligent loads is constructed. A series of questions of technology, economic and policy that need to be solved while utilizing the decentralized intelligent loads to control the power system frequency are put forward.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volumes 291-294)
• Pages: 2187-2192
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.291-294.2187
• Online since: February 2013
• Authors: Li Cheng, Dong Xu Han, Zhong Wei Li, Dong Zheng
• Keywords: Decentralized Intelligent Loads, Domestic Electric Appliances, Frequency Quality, Spinning Reserve of Frequency Control

References

[1] X. Zhao, J. Østergaard, M. Togeby and etc, Evaluating frequency quality of Nordic system using PMU data, in Proc. 2008 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting - Conversion and Delivery of Electrical Energy in the 21st Century, pp.1-5.

DOI: 10.1109/pes.2008.4596468

[2] ERGEG final report: The lessons to be learned form the large disturbance in the European power system on the 4th of November 2006, Ref: E06-BAG-01-06.

[3] Z. Xu, J. Østergaard, M. Togeby and etc, Design and modeling of thermostatically controlled loads as frequency controlled reserve, in Proc. 2007 IEEE PES General Meeting, pp.1-6.

DOI: 10.1109/pes.2007.386014

[4] Xu Bingliang, Cao Shiguang, Yu Jilai, etc. DSM Based Frequency Quality Control of Power Systems. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2003, 27(11): 72-76.

[5] J. A. Short, D. G. Infield and L. L. Freris, Stabilization of grid frequency through dynamic demand control, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 22, pp.1284-1292, August (2007).

DOI: 10.1109/tpwrs.2007.901489

[6] J. W. Black, and M. Ilic, Demand-based frequency control for distributed generation, in Proc. 2002 IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, pp.427-432.

DOI: 10.1109/pess.2002.1043270

[7] Z. W. Li, O. Samuelsson, R. Garcia-Valle. Frequency Deviations and Generation Scheduling in the Nordic System. 2011 IEEE PES Trondheim PowerTech: The Power of Technology for a Sustainable Society, pp.1-6, June, (2011).

DOI: 10.1109/ptc.2011.6019176

[8] Fred. C. Schweppe, Richard D. Tabores, James L. Kirtley and etc, Homeostatic utility control, IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. PAS-99, no. 3, pp.1151-1163, May (1980).

DOI: 10.1109/tpas.1980.319745

[9] K. Samarakoon and J. Ekanayake, A survey of frequency control methods and demand side contribution in Sri Lanka and in Great Britain, in Proc. The Fourth International Conference on Industrial and Information Systems, pp.454-458, December (2009).

DOI: 10.1109/iciinfs.2009.5429817

[10] M. Bailey, Provision of Frequency Responsive Power Reserve from disconnectable load, IEE Colloquium on Economic Provision of a Frequency Responsive Power Reserve Service, pp.1-5, February (1998).

DOI: 10.1049/ic:19980017