Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 295-298

Abstract: Based on cooperative game theory, this paper analyzes, from the two aspects of maximizing benefits and risk control, the interactions of symbiotic industrial enterprises during the process of developing circular economy, before proposing the effective measures to reduce cooperation risks, thus providing industrial enterprises and government with some theoretical guidance and basis for actions for recycling of industrial zone wastes.

Abstract: The chemical compositions of the Yellow River silt, coal gangue, air-float algae slag and the effect in pavement brick making were analyzed. The main factors which effect the compressive strength of the pavement brick was researched. The best pavement brick factor level combination by orthogonal experimental design was determined. The effects of air-float algae cement addition and sintering temperature on the compression resistance of the brick were discussed.

Abstract: The waste liquor from the first cooking stage of reed three-stage counter-current batch cooking with ethanol-water process was decolorized by preliming, sulfitation and activated carbon absorption combination method. The preliming temperature, calcium superphosphate dosage, pH Value, Na₂SO₃ dosage in preliming and sulfitation, column height and velocity in activated carbon absorption have effect on decolorization. The results indicated that the 50 mL un decolorized waste liquor have the best decolorizing effect when the preliming temperature was 80°C, calcium superphosphate dosage was 1 g, pH value was 7, Na₂SO₃ dosage was 0.04 mol, column height was 12 cm and velocity was 2mL/min, the decolorized rate of waste liquor could be up to 98.1%.

Abstract: Based on the principle of the ISO14042 standard on life cycle impact assessment, the paper uses the environmental eco-indicators to evaluate the environmental impact of waste electrical in reverse logistics. Firstly, build environmental impact indicator system based on the method of eco-indicator99, and use rough set theory to calculate the weight of all the indicators. Then combine the weight with eco-indicator99 database to calculate the environmental eco-indicators. Finally, take waste refrigerator for example to illustrate the process of environmental impact assessment of general waste electrical.

Abstract: Polypropylene grafted with maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) was prepared and then was used as compatibilizer in the alloy of r-PET/PP to improve the compatibility of different phases. The influences of grafting ratio of MA, the additive amount of PP-g-MA, and the ratio of r-PET and PP to the flowability and the mechanical properties of r-PET/PP were researched. The results obtained show that PP-g-MA can improve the compatibility of different phases; the favorite grafting ratio of MA on PP mainchains is 1.4%; when the additive amount of PP-g-MA is 12%, melt index of r-PET/PP indicates that not only the flowability of r-PET/PP becomes better but also the tensile strengthen is higher; the ratio of r-PET and PP should be designed at 20/80 in order to obtain satisfied results.

Abstract: With the deepening of China's new socialist countryside construction, rural ecological environment has been paid more and more attention. This paper applies the system engineering theory to analyze rural waste comprehensive utilization by taking Xi Baidian Village, Pinggu District of Beijing which is a representative and ongoing pilot village of circular agriculture as an example. The whole village domain system is divided into three subsystems: breeding system, farming system, living environment system. Through overall investigation the paper analyzes the rural waste production and current situation and anatomizes the waste comprehensive utilization measures, using effect and the existent problems. The countermeasures and development directions of waste comprehensive utilization and rural environmental protection are proposed.

Abstract: The properties of municipal solid waste is important to design and construction the landfill. In this paper, research the properties of municipal solid waste apply the indoor test and consulting literatures. The results showed that the density of Chongqing municipal solid waste is 430 ~610 , the average is 470 . The water content value of municipal solid waste in China is higher than foreign countries. The specific gravity of municipal solid waste in Chongqing is between 1.70~2.56. The porosity ratio of municipal solid waste in Chongqing between 1.0~4.0. The permeability order of magnitude is approximately . The properties of municipal solid waste includes density、water content、specific gravity and porosity ratio, these parameters will be used frequently when calculation and analysis[1]. And these parameters related to landfill capacity calculation、 stability evaluation、leachate and landfill gas collection system design. Compare to the test of soil engineering properties, the properties test of municipal solid waste is difficult. The reasons are that (1) At different time and area, the municipal solid waste content will present great difference. For example, if the region use coal for heating, the ash content will higher than other regions. (2) Due to the composition uniformity and fifferent bury time, the organic matter degradation is different, so it is difficult to obtain representative samples. (3) The traditional soil sampling and test methods have rules to follow, in contrary, the municipal solid waste sampling and methods haven’t accepted method.

Abstract: This paper introduces a kind of removable pyrolytic furnace for the medical wastes based on the combined methods of thermal decomposition and combustion. Use the environmental protection design to minimize the pollution and the secondary pollution. Due to many infectious medical wastes cannot be transported, and must be solved locally, so infectious waste thermal decomposition furnace emerges as the time requires. Based on the thermal decomposition principle to decompose the organic, before combustion, the garbage should be carbonized first, so the original structures of polymer can be destructed, and be transformed into low molecular compounds. Heat it by heating resistance after gasification so it can continues to burn, this can decompose the dioxin and prevent the synthetic of dioxin at the largest degree. Its differential to other equipments is that it using the electric energy, the thermal decomposition furnace is internal of the incinerator in structure, which plays the effect of energy saving, so it is energy conservation and environmental protection. It is easy to install and convenient to use.

Abstract: Based on the analysis of the structure property of the ions in the cuprous chloride wastewater, the study on the ion exchange of the cuprous chloride wastewater and the regeneration of resin had been experimentally investigated with 201×7OH— strong-alkali negative ion resin and 732Na strong-acidity positive ion resins. The influence on the disposal effect from the variation of pH and the addition of NaCl and Na2SO4 had been examined. The results showed that for the negative ion exchange reaction. If pH was adjusted with HCl, the concentration of copper in the waste water decreased slowly as pH decreases. If pH was adjusted with H2SO4, the concentration of copper in the waste water increased slowly as pH decreases. The addition of NaCl and Na2SO4 could enhance the exchange efficiency of negative ion. For the positive ion exchange reaction, the exchange efficiency of positive ion could be enhanced by the addition of HCl or H2SO4 which decreases pH; the addition of NaCl and Na2SO4 could enhance the exchange efficiency of positive ion, but was not significant.

Abstract: Sludge pyrolysis oil has the potential to substitute for refinery petroleum products for its similar characters with petroleum. In this study, the diesel-like fraction, with high heating value and low sulfur content compared with sludge pyrolysis oil, was obtained from sludge pyrolysis oil which was processed by two-step distillation to remove volatile component and compounds with high boiling points. The chemical composition of diesel-like fraction was investigated by Gas Chromatograph / Mass Spectrometer. The results indicated that this part comprises compounds containing N and O element 48.3% and hydrocarbons 51.7%, the hydrocarbon chain length of the alkanes and alkenes distributes across the C10~C20 mass range in the latter which was close to that of diesel. The sulfur content of diesel-like fraction is 10 times higher than that of diesel, and other fuel characters were similar with that of diesel, which indicated that diesel-like fraction was promising to substitute for diesel. After adding 10% diesel-like fraction into 5 # diesel, the fuel characters of diesel changed so little that it did not influence the application of diesel, which would be significant to alleviate the shortage of petroleum.