Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 501-504

Abstract: Based on "controlling sand to fix sand, managing sand with sand", aiming to the problems of sand hazard in the northwest desert area during the highway construction, the new technique of sand fixation is formed by bags of using widely distributed desert aeolian sand. The flow field characteristics of aeolian sand barrier with fins & nofins are analyzed by wind tunnel tests, the influence of sand barrier forms and specifications to wind speed reduction ratio and roughness are researched by field tests as well as sand fixation effect, the results can provide the guidance and application value to sand fixation engineer of the desert areas

Abstract: Taking Majiazhai double highway tunnel as a prototype, the mathematical model of double tunnel fire is established to analyze smoke plume spread and diffusion during air flow organization process of highway tunnel fire. In the conditions of double tunnel fire jet fans closed, tunnel jet fans open, ventilators of tunnel and cross-road open simultaneously, the temperature field, pressure field and concentration field of air flow and smoke relative motion are obtained. Then it puts forward that the key technology for smoke countercurrent control in double tunnel fire is to increase the ventilation resistance in fire source upwind cross-road and reduce the air quantity flowing from tunnel jet fans into cross-road.

Abstract: First, the gray theory and analytic hierarchy brief overview, and then establish the evaluation index system, using the gray system theory and the analytic hierarchy process AHP gray formed to establish a specific hazardous materials transportation safety risk assessment model, Company X hazardous materials transportation risk evaluation, get the value of the company's risk level, and the evaluation value analysis.

Abstract: Through the discussion on the nature of the reasons for the accident, it is easy to analyze that the management faults are a source of accidents, and extract the concept of HSE management system in petrochemical enterprises, which as a dynamic security management system, in view of the "all accidents are avoidable" concept, implements security affairs management by the means of planning, implementation, leadership and monitoring, and finally, illustrates that HSE management system realize the whole process management of accident control though examples in drilling operations.

Abstract: In this paper a process framework was constructed for the inspection and assessment of urban gas pipeline. Take a certain gas pipeline network as an example, work directory for complete inspection was established as well as models for risk assessment. Feasible and effective rectification measures could be taken according to the relative importance of the results of the inspection and assessment. Some work in this paper could be adopted for the inspection and assessment of urban gas pipeline.

Abstract: External wind is one of the major factors that influence the spread of fire along building exterior facade in high-rise buildings. Fire simulation experiments are conducted .First, under two circumstances of low-speed and high-speed side-blown wind, observing barrier of window spill plume along building exterior facade under different dimensions of windows, windowsill walls and balconies. Then the correlation between smoke temperature near the exterior facade and dimensions of window, windowsill wall and balcony is obtained by numerical fitting and dimensional analyses. The correlation indicates that, on low-speed side-blown wind, spill plume spreading diagonal up downwind, balcony width plays a leading barrier; on high-speed side-blown wind, spill plume horizontal spreading downwind, balcony extension plays a leading barrier.

Abstract: This paper analyses the construction of present situation and the existing problems of Chinese cities emergency shelters, proposed Chinese cities emergency shelters countermeasures and suggestions in the planning layout, processing the scientific and rational layout of Chinese cities emergency shelters to improve the ability of Chinese cities earthquake disaster reduction. Hoping this paper can provide some reference for other cities of earthquake disaster reduction emergency shelters layout studies.

Abstract: In emergency, the crowd evacuation from public buildings is the most important issue to save human lives. Panic generation and spread normally can lead to the unstable state -stampede during the crowd motion. The stability of crowd evacuation is a complex problem being researched for decades. This paper introduces self-organized criticality(SOC) theory to build the mapping model from a collective crowd into a sand pile with SOC. Therefore, the complex problem of stability analysis for crowd evacuation is converted into sandpiper stability analysis in a relatively simpler way.

Abstract: This article through the analysis of the overall urban planning and the correlation between urban earthquake disaster prevention plan, and points out that the overall urban planning management in the problems of earthquake disaster prevention plan, and puts forward the establishment of urban earthquake disaster prevention plan suggestions and countermeasures.

Abstract: The fire accident of petroleum storage and transportation has the characteristics of difficult disposal, wide range of influence, and a long-term hazard. Many derivative accidents or secondary accidents caused in the emergency process show that there are some potential risk sources in the process of accident emergency disposal. Effectively identifying these potential risk sources is the key for the active protective design in advance, and it is a minimum cost mean to prevent and reduce accident harm. In the paper, from the perspective of analyzing the nature of accident’s development and evolution process, the causal relationship between events is studied based on the accident-causing theory. The event causal chain is built in according with the order of event occurrence. The risk sources of accident are mined and identify from the node of event chain, and the hierarchical identification method oriented accident’s risk sources is established. For accident’s risk sources, the possible design measures in advance can be given from the perspective of principle design, structural design and control design. For design measure’s risk sources in emergency process can be mined by using man-human engineering method, and the graded risk sources identification method oriented secondary accidents is established. Combining the two methods, the hierarchical risk source identification method connected with event causal chain is put forward so as to effectively identify these potential risk sources in emergency process. Finally, oil pipeline explosion accident of dalian’s xinggang harbor on July 16, 2010 is taken as a case to verify the feasibility of proposed method.