Paper Titles

Validate the DSSAT Model on Winter Wheat under Conservation Tillage Treatments in the West Henan, China
p.699

A Method for Computing Return on Investment of Ecological Restoration of Coastal Mud Flat
p.709

Audit Evaluation on the Environmental Influence of Military Action
p.713

Allelopathic Effect of Sargassum fusiforme on Growth of Karenia mikimotoi
p.721

Coral Reefs Damage Assessment due to Oil Pollution in Egyptian Water
p.725

On the Experience of Enterprise Energy Conservation and Emissions Reduction in Developed Countries and the Enlightenment to China
p.729

Preparation of Activated Carbon Loaded with Ferric Oxide Hydrate and its Absorption for Arsenic
p.735

Study on the Effects of Domestic Sewage on Soluble Protein Content of Parts Constructed Wetland Plants
p.741

Multispecies Phytoremediation on Degradation of PAHs in Soils
p.745

HomeApplied Mechanics and MaterialsApplied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 522-524Coral Reefs Damage Assessment due to Oil Pollution...

Coral Reefs Damage Assessment due to Oil Pollution in Egyptian Water

Article Preview

Abstract:

Coral reefs are the most biological systems productive and versatile on the surface of the planet earth, which is a source with economic and social, returns great for the country that God-given this natural wealth. Egypt is home to some of the most spectacular coral reefs and associated marine life in the world. Egypt has enacted laws and takes effective measures for the protection and management of coral reefs and associated ecosystems in the Red Sea and its Gulf to characterize these areas of the richness and diversity of coral reef environment is scarce to be repeated elsewhere in the world. The largest sub-sector for the Egyptian tourism market is the coastal tourism. Coastal tourism depends largely on intact reefs, and this is also one of the most important causes of reef degradation in Egypt. Over the last two decades live coral cover has declined in Egypt. Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) implements its own methodology to estimate the coral reefs impacts as a result of the destruction of coral reefs due to ship aground or anchorage. This paper focuses on and presents the modelling of the destruction of coral reefs as a result of the collision and the ship ground damage assessment in case of oil spills in Egyptian coastal water referring to the EEAA methodology applied in Egypt.

You might also be interested in these eBooks

Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development

Info:

Periodical:

Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volumes 522-524)

Pages:

725-728

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.522-524.725

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

February 2014

Authors:

E. H. Hegazy, Ahmed Kh. Mehanna, Mohamed Y. Omar, Heba Elkilani, Amr A. Hassan

Keywords:

Coral Reef, Damage Assessment, Economic, Modeling and Oil Spills, Red Sea, Tourism

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Request Permissions

Permissions PLS:

Request Permissions

Сopyright:

© 2014 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

[1] Abduljalil. A: Seminar recommends emergency anti-pollution team. Yemen Observer, Sana'a. Vol. VIII Issue 32 (2005).

[2] Alter. Christian., and Mach Von. Victoria: Survey of Kalawy house reef, Safaga, Egypt. Report of Reef Check e.V. GERMANY (2010).

[3] EEAA: Ministry of State for Environmental Affairs (MSEA) - Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA), (2013). www. eeaa. gov. eg, accessed April, (2013).

[4] El-Raey. Mohamed: Impact of Sea Level Rise on the Arab Region, Report of the United Nations Development Programme - Regional Bureau for Arab States (UNDP RBAS). (2010).

DOI: 10.18356/9789210019293c002

[5] Heiss. Georg., Kochzius. Marc., and Roder. Cornelia, December 2005: Assessment of the status of coral reefs in the El Quadim Bay, El Quseir, Egypt. SUBEX Red Sea Diving Centres, Report of Reef Check e. V (2005).

DOI: 10.1080/09397140.2007.10638251

[6] ITOPF: Effects of Oil Pollution on the Marine Environment, International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation, Technical Information Papers, Series 13 (2011).

[7] Loya, Y. and Rinkevich. B: Effects of Oil Pollution on Coral Reef Communities, MARINE ECOLOGY - PROGRESS SERIES, Volume 3 (1980), pp.167-180.

DOI: 10.3354/meps003167

[8] Mohamed M Nour El-Din: Proposed CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION STRATEGY for the Ministry of Water Resources & Irrigation EGYPT, Report of Joint Programme for Climate Change Risk Management in Egypt, Mainstreaming of MDGF Projects (January 2013).

[9] Nathalie Hilmi, Alain Safa, Stéphanie Reynaud, and Denis Allemand: Coral Reefs and Tourism in Egypt's Red Sea, Topics in Middle Eastern and African Economies, Volume 14 (2012), pp.416-434.

DOI: 10.4324/9781315537320-3

[10] National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), (2012): http: /coralreef. noaa. gov/, accessed April, (2013).

[11] Nature Foundation St. Maarten, (2009): Coral Reefs: http: /www. naturefoundationsxm. org/education/coral_reefs/coral_reefs. htm, accessed May, (2013).

DOI: 10.1007/s00338-008-0460-x

[12] NOSCP: National Oil Spill Contingency Plan (NOSCP) for Egypt, (September 1998).

[13] PERSGA: Guidelines for Compensation Following Damage to Coral Reefs by Ship or Boat Grounding. Part 1, PERSGA Technical Series Number 15 (2009). PERSGA, Jeddah.

[14] PERSGA: The Status of Coral Reefs in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. PERSGA Technical Series Number 16 (2009). PERSGA, Jeddah.

[15] Smith, L: Coral reef area and the contributions of reefs to processes and resources of the world's oceans. Nature 273 (1978), pp.225-226.

DOI: 10.1038/273225a0

[16] Wilkinson. C: Status of Coral Reefs of the World, Australian Institute of Marine Science and Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network, Townsville, Australia. (2000).

[17] Wilkinson. C: Status of Coral Reefs of the World. Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network and Australian, Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia, Volume 1&2 (2004), p.557.