Research of Bioproof Materials at Superfical Modification of Wood

Abstract:

The mechanism and conditions of superficial modifying of wood by phosphoric and siliceous organic compounds are studied. Essentially new fire- and bioprotective preparations are developed and introduced. Wood can absorb moisture from air; the moisture considerably affects physical and mechanical characteristics of wood. While moisture of wood increases by 30%, its mechanical strength decreases by 70%. Increase in wood moisture leads to its rotting. Nowadays, due to ecological pollution, atmospheric moisture often contains acid agents. Wooden external constructions due to their contact with acid atmospheric moisture are subject to considerable hydrological destruction. Hydrophobization of wood happens with the help of polymers and siliceous organic compounds, the effect of the decrease of hydroscopability occurring because of the block system of hydro groups, filling of capillary porous structure of density of suture of lignocarbohydrate mould[5]. But if there is a considerable amount of polymers in wood, density of polymeric net gets broken which leads to worse characteristics of the material, and sometimes to its spontaneous destruction. Siliceous organic compounds (SOC) are considered to be traditional hydrophobizators of wood and cellulose materials. To create stable effect of hydrophobization it is necessary to carry out. Treatment of wood by silicium compounds. Saturation of wood by SOC has certain difficulties as SOC are hydrophobic agents. Saturation is carried out by means of autoclave, by method of hot-cold baths with overfall of temperatures from 65°C to 20°C. The time of saturation must be no less than 7 hours. These methods of saturation mean the usage of great number of materials and they are energy consuming. The present research is aimed at the development of technology of ‘’soft’’ treatment by silicium compounds under which a level of chemical modifying is not high and content of chemically related Si is 1%. As silicium agents alkilhydrosiloksans and alkoksilans were used. To make it easier for SOC to enter into wood , various hydrofilous additions were used, which had to decrease the energy of activation of silicium reaction simultaneously in order to turn treatment by silicium compounds into a “soft” regime. Out of alkilhydrosiloksans polythilhydrosiloksans (PEHS) and polymethilhydrosiloksans with various levels of polymerization were used. The role of activating hydrophilian additions performed ammonia phtorids, potassium, hydrochloric titanium acid.

• Periodical: Applied Mechanics and Materials (Volumes 584-586)
• Pages: 929-933
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.584-586.929
• Online since: July 2014
• Authors: E. N. Pokrovskaya, T. G. Beltsova
• Keywords: Bioproof Materials, Superfical Modification, Wood

References

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