Advanced Materials Research Vol. 1048

Abstract: Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has many excellent engineering applications for its great properties. We investigated the surface of the PTFE membranes treated with atmospheric pressure low temperature plasma in Ar and Ar/H₂ to confirm the effectiveness for introducing functional groups as surface modifications. From the results of attenuated total reflection (ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), it was found that the Ar/H₂ plasma was more effective for proceeding defluorination reactions and introducing oxygen moieties compared to Ar plasma under the experimental condition. On the other hand, from the results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), there were little differences in plasma-treated samples.

Abstract: The toxic metals released into the aquatic environment though various industrial processes are detrimental to all living species. This paper used banana peels as an adsorbent for studying heavy metal Cr(III) containing in waste water. Respectively, the effects of the adsorption dosage, temperature, contact time, pH, initial Cr(III) ions concentration and shock time on adsorption were investigated. The results showed that under the following condition: the dosage was 0.1 g, the pH value of the wastewater was 2, the temperature is 30 °C, the shock time was 2 h, the initial mass concentration of Cr(III) was about 30 mg/L, the adsorbing capacity can be 22 mg/g. The adsorption reaction is an endothermic process and mainly physical adsorption. Using banana peels to treat chromium-contained wastewater has a very good application prospect.

Abstract: PVDF flat UF membranes were optimized to get relative high protein rejection with high permeation fluxes. The effects of PVDF content and the additive species on the membrane performance were investigated. The synergy effect between LiCl and PEG_8k can increase the flux remarkably than the single additive. With the increase of PEG_8k content, the synergy effect of LiCl decreased. In addition, when the PEG_8k content was higher than LiCl, the pure water flux was relatively high, while with the increasing of LiCl content, the membrane tensile strength was increased. The addition of PEG_8k and LiCl should constitute an appropriate method to prepare a series of membranes with controlled flux.

Abstract: Two new imidazole ionic liquid salts, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([AMIM]Cl) and 1-allyl-3-methy-imidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([EMIM]HSO₄), were synthesized with direct synthesis and two-step synthesis method, using a viscosity meter, PH meter, conductivity meter, densitometer, infrared spectrometer determined its chemical structure and properties. The results show that two ionic liquids in the range is slightly different, the trend is roughly same. As the temperature increases, the viscosity decreases, PH gradually increased, the density decreases slightly, can be regarded as constant, the conductivity gradually increased. Ionic liquids of the two IR spectra analysis show its structure and synthetic route consistent with the structure of matter.

Abstract: A new crosslinker containing sulfone group was synthesized by polymerization of 4,4’-dihydroxydiphenyl-sulphone and methacryloyl chloride. Using this kind of crosslinker, the crosslinked polystyrene beads were prepared by suspension polymerization and UV-light polymerization, respectively. The synthesized crosslinker and crosslinked polystyrene beads were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effect of crosslinker amount on sulfonation rate of beads was studied. Polystyrene beads made by suspension polymerization possess higher sulfonation rate when the crosslinker amount is lower than 6%. When the content of crosslinker is higher than 6%, the reaction still can be carried out by UV-light polymerization, but the coagulation occurred during suspension polymerization because of the extremely high polarity of crosslinker.

Abstract: Silicon powder is a kind of important nonmetallic mineral. It not only reduce the cost of polymer materials, but also can improve the performance of materials. In order to make silicon powder play a better role, this paper shows that surface modification of silicon powder by using the silane coupling agents KH550 and KH560. Through hydrophobic property, infiltrating performance, activation index, infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).It can be find that the evaluation and characterization of silicon powder modification effect. Comprehensive analysis shows that the modification effect is best,when KH550 and KH560 is the ratio of 1:2.

Abstract: This paper presents a study on the different applying methods of (NH₄)₂HPO₄ fire retardant influence on physical and mechanical properties of bamboo scrimber. The results showed: the properties of bamboo scrimber would change with applying methods changing of fire retardant; the method of applying fire retardants before gluing would increase the part of physical and mechanical properties of bamboo scrimber, but it would increase the manufacturing cost of bamboo scrimber; the method of applying fire retardants after gluing would reduce the part of physical and mechanical properties of bamboo scrimber.

Abstract: Plant growth is impressed by biotic and abiotic stress inversely. There are many reports about proteins change level in salinity stress. Leaves fill up more soluble sugar of glucose, fructose and proline with treatment of salicylic acid. In this study, Citrullus lanatus seeds planted in pots containing perlite were put in a growth chamber under controlled conditions of 30 ±2 °Cand 14 ±2 °Ctemperature, 14h lightness and 10h darkness; NaCl concentration of 0,4,8,12 ds/m and salicylic acid concentration of 0,1,2,4 mM were used in the form of factorial experiment in a complete randomized design (CRD). The results demonstrated that increasing of proline and sugars due to osmotic slope in plants lead to increasing of tolerance against dehydrations of leave content and acceleration of plant developments in stress conditions.

Abstract: Both basalt fiber and mineral glass are water insulation materials, which are used to improve the permeability of engineered wood composite panels in this study. The contents of water resistant agent in wood composite panels are 0%,5%,10%,15%,20%,25%, respectively. It was found that the minimum thickness swelling was 2.55%, when the mineral glass content was 15%; the minimum thickness swelling was 5.09%, when the basalt fiber content was 5%. Both water insulation materials can reduce the water absorption, but mineral glass powder is more powerful.

Abstract: Hydro-thermal method was used to prepare semi-hydrated calcium sulfate whiskers with sodium oleate as surfactant during the process of preparation and modification integration of calcium sulfate whiskers. Electronic biological microscope was adopted to observe the morphology of semi-hydrated calcium sulfate whiskers. FTIR was used to analyze the surface state of unmodified and modified semi-hydrated calcium sulfate whiskers. The experimental results showed that when the dosage of sodium oleate is less than 0.02%, the morphology of whiskers appears to be fibrous. Different sodium oleate dosages affect the morphology of semi-hydrated calcium sulfate whiskers remarkably and there exists chemisorption between sodium oleate and semi-hydrated calcium sulfate whiskers.