Isolation and Characterization of a Styrene Trimer Degrading Microorganism

Abstract:

Biodegradation of the styrene trimer was investigated, and its degrading bacteria were screened and isolated. Complex bacteria ST (strain ST1 and ST2) was isolated from contaminated soil by polystyrene and named by strain ST1 and ST2. ST1 and ST2 were identified by 16S rDNA and classified by Ochrobactrum intermedium sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa sp., respectively. Biodegradation experiments were performed in batch and styrene trimer was used as a sole carbon source. Isolated two bacteria were used as degrading microorganisms. Initial liquid phase concentration of the styrene trimer was 50 mg/L. 95% of the styrene trimer was degraded in 17 days by the complex strain ST. The concentration was analyzed by using GC. Metabolites of bacteria were analyzed and three kinds of products that were identified by GC/MS.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 1073-1076)
• Pages: 666-671
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1073-1076.666
• Online since: December 2014
• Authors: Guang Chun Li, Chun Xiang Piao, Katsuhiko Saido, Seon Yong Chung*
• Keywords: Biodegradation, Endocrine Disruptor, Polystyrene, Styrene Trimer

References

[1] Stefan, S., F. Schneider, and G. Obersteiner, The ecological relevance of transport in waste disposal systems in Western Europe. Waste Manage. 27: S47-S57 (2007).

DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2007.02.025

[2] Lui, W. B., and J. Peng, Effects of operating conditions on degradable cushioning extrudate's cellular structure and the specific heat. J. Food Eng. 70: 171-182 (2005).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2004.07.026

[3] K. Date*, K. Ohno, Y. Azuma, S. Hirano, K. Kobayashi, T. Sakurai, Y. Nobuhara, T. Yamada, Endocrine-disrupting effects of styrene oligomers that migrated from polystyrene containers into food, Food and Chemical Toxicology 40, 65–75, (2002).

DOI: 10.1016/s0278-6915(01)00096-5

[4] J.J. Amaral Mendes, The endocrine disrupters: a major medical challenge, Food and Chemical Toxicology 40, 781-788, (2002).

DOI: 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00018-2

[5] JEA (Japan Environment Agency), Strategic Problem on Environmental Endocrine Disruptors 98 (SPEED , 98), (1998): http: /www. env. go. jp/en/pol/speed98/s-p.98. html.

[6] Yamada, T., M. Tanaka, S. Hirano, Y. Nagao, K. Kobayashi, T. Hurukawa, and Y. Nobuhara, Determination of styrene oligomers in instant noodles contained in a polystyrene container. Bunseki Kagaku. 49: 857-867, (2000).

DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.49.857

[7] Nobuhara, Y., S. Hirano, Y. Azuma, K. Date, K. Ohno, K. Tanaka, S. Matsushiro, T. Sakurai, S. Shiozawa, M. Chiba, and T. Yamada, Biological evaluation of styrene oligomers for endocrine-disrupting effects. J. Food Hygienic Soc. Jpn. 40: 36-45, (1999).

DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.40.36

[8] Ohno, K., Y. Azuma, K. Date, S. Nakano, T. Kobayashi, Y. Nagao, and T. Yamada, Evaluation of styrene oligomers eluted from polystyrene for estrogenicity in estrogen receptor binding assay, reporter gene assay, and uterotrophic assay. Food Chem. Toxicol. 41: 131–141, (2003).

DOI: 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00211-9

[9] Toshinobu Higashimura, Mitsuo Sawamoto, Tae Hiza, Masato Karaiwa, Akio Tsuchii, and Tomoo Suzuki, Effect of methyl substitution on microbial degradation of linear styrene dimer by two soil bacteria, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. 46, No. 2, pp.386-391, (1983).

DOI: 10.1128/aem.46.2.386-391.1983

[10] Sielicki M, Fochi DD, Martin JP, Microbal degradation of [C14C]polystyrene and 1, 3-diphenylbutane, Can J Microbiol. Vol. 24, No. 7, 798-803, (1978).

DOI: 10.1139/m78-134

[11] Katsuhiko Saido, Hiroyuki Taguchi, Yoichi Kodera, Yumiko Ishihara, In-Jae Ryu, Seon-Yong Chung, Novel Method for Polystyrene Reactions at Low Temperature, Macromolecular Reserch, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp.87-91, (2003).

DOI: 10.1007/bf03218335

[12] Sadik, O. A., M. M. Ngundi, and F. Yan, Environmental biosensors for organochlorines, cyanobacterial toxins and endocrine disrupting chemicals. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 6, pp.407-412, (2000).

DOI: 10.1007/bf02931939

[13] Kim S. W., S. H. Choi, J. H. Min, and M. B. Gu, Toxicity monitoring of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) using freeze-dried recombinant bioluminescent bacteria. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 6, pp.395-399, (2000).

DOI: 10.1007/bf02931937

[14] Norihisa Tatarazako, Yuji Takao, Katsuyuki Kishi, Norio Onikura, Koji Arizono, Taisen Iguchi, Styrene dimers and trimers affect reproduction of daphnid (Ceriodaphnia dubia), Chemosphere, 48, p.597–601. (2002).

DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00119-4

[15] Ken-ichi Ohyam, Fumiko Nagai, Yoshiteru Tsuchiya, Certain Styrene Oligomers Have Proliferative Activity on MCF-7 Human Breast Tumor Cells and Binding Affinity for Human Estrogen Receptor α, Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 109, No. 7, pp.699-703, (2001).

DOI: 10.1289/ehp.01109699

[16] Ren Haiyan, Ji Shulan, Naeem ud din Ahmad, Wang Dao, Cui Chengwu, Degradation characteristics and metabolic pathway of 17a-ethynylestradiol by Sphingobacterium sp. JCR5, Chemosphere, Vol. 66, No. 2, pp.340-346, (2007).

DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.04.064

[17] Saido, K., H. Taguchi, Y. Kodera, Y. Ishihara, I. J. Ryu, and S. Y. Chung, Novel method for polystyrene reactions at low temperature. Macromol. Res. 11, pp.87-91, (2003).

DOI: 10.1007/bf03218335

[18] T. Aungpradit, P. Sutthivaiyakit, D. Martens, S. Sutthivaiyakit, A.A.F. Kettrup, Photocatalytic degradation of triazophos in aqueous titanium dioxide suspension: Identification of intermediates and degradation pathways, Journal of Hazardous Materials, , Vol. 146, No. 1-2, pp.204-213, (2007).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.12.007

[19] Higashimura, T., M. Sawamoto, and T. Hiza, M. Karaiwa, A. Tsuchii, and T. Suzuki, Effect of methyl substitution on microbial degradation of linear styrene dimers by two soil bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. Vol. 46, pp.386-391, (1983).

DOI: 10.1128/aem.46.2.386-391.1983

[20] Milstein, O., R. Gersonde, A. Huttermann, M. J. Chen, and J. J. Meiste, Fungal biodegradation of lignopolystyrene graft copolymers. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. Vol. 58, pp.3225-3232, (1992).

DOI: 10.1128/aem.58.10.3225-3232.1992

[21] Selicki, M., D. D. Focht, J. P. Martin, Microbial degradation of [14C] polystyrene and 1, 3-diphenylbutane. Can. J. Microbiol. Vol. 24, pp.798-803, (1978).

DOI: 10.1139/m78-134