Advanced Materials Research Vols. 476-478

Abstract: The large number of publications addressing possible methods for quantitative mineralogical analysis is a good reflection of demand for determination by the scientific and industrial communities. The descriptive and determinative aspects of the study of mineral are fundamental to our understanding of geology. Simply put, more accurate geologic models can be constructed if we know something about the relative proportions of mineral constituents in a sample. We analyses some application of XRD, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy methods in analysis of mineral composition.

Abstract: An ionic liquid 1- (triethoxysilyl) propyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroxide ([Smim]OH) was grafted on three kinds of mesoporous hydrophobic silica gel by means of post-grafting under mild conditions. The catalysts were [Smim]OH/SiO2-MTES (methyltriethoxysilane), [Smim]OH/SiO2-TMCS (trimethylchlorosilane), [Smim]OH/SiO2-CPTEO (triethoxysilyl propyl chloride). Such grafted ionic liquids (GILs), which were characterized by means of FTIR and N2 adsorption-desorption could be used as effective heterogeneous catalysts toward propylene carbonate synthesis through cycloaddition of carbon dioxide with propylene oxide under solventless and mild conditions.

Abstract: Eight volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the four disposable food packages at refrigeration temperature, room temperature and heating temperature have been analyzed by a headspace gas chromatography and mass spectrometry method. The results of external standard method show that the amount of VOCs in the four disposable packages at different temperatures are arranged in the following order: black plastic lunch box, white plastic lunch box, paper cup, paper bowl. Under the three types of temperature for an hour, the amount of VOCs in the black plastic lunch box at heating temperatures is higher (1.2382 mg/m² at 90 °C), room temperature has smaller content (0.6682 mg/m² and 0.9105 mg/m² at 20 °C and 30 °C, repectively). Content of VOCs in the white plastic lunch box increases gradually with temperature rising.

Abstract: An improved method of treating data from standard addition analysis for tracing components in samples was proposed. This method was based on the function relationship between content of tested element and measuring signal in theory or experiment. The added component was regarded as disturbance to the function relationship, and the content of tested element was obtained with solving function by mathematical method.

Abstract: Geosynthetic-reinforced and pile-supported (GRPS) embankment systems have been emerged as an effective alternative successfully adopted worldwide to solve many geotechical problems. In the GRPS embankment system, a reinforced earth platform was lying above the piles and includes one or more layers of geosynthetics at the base of the embankment. The geosynsthetic reinforcement carries the lateral thrust from the embankment, creates a stiffened fill platform to enhance the load transfer from the soil to the piles, and reduce the differential settlement between pile caps. A numerical study was conducted to investigate the tension distribution of the geosynethic reinforcement in the GRPS embankment. Four influence factors were investigated, which included the elastic modulus of piles, the elastic modulus of soft soil, the tensile stiffness of geosynthetic reinforcement, and the number of geosynthetic layers. Numerical results suggested these four factors have different influence on the tension distribution and the maximum tension in the geosynthetic reinforcement.