Advanced Materials Research Vols. 641-642

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https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.641-642

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Research on Influence Factors of Heavy Oil-Contaminated Soil Remediation by Fenton Oxidation

Authors: Ya Ming Dong, Yu Hua Meng, Lin Li, Qi You Liu, Chao Cheng Zhao

Abstract: In this paper, Fenton oxidation technology was used for oxidation treatment of soil contaminated by heavy oil, and environmental conditions were investigated for improving the effect of Fenton oxidation. The results showed that under the direct sunlight, liquid to soil was 2:1, pH was 5, 10.0mL 18 mmol•L-1 Fe2+ and 10.0mL 30%H2O2 were added to 1000g soil contaminated by heavy oil which contained 8% petroleum hydrocarbons, the petroleum hydrocarbons reduced from 5.74% to 2.92%.

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Internal Electrolysis Intensified by Microwave for the Treatment of Nitrobenzene – Containing Wastewater

Authors: Zheng Yang An, Yuan Yuan Wang, Xiao Jun Xu

Abstract: Treatment of nitrobenzene-containing wastewater was carried out by iron-carbon internal electrolysis and microwave and its degradation mechanism was investigated. The parameters is found in the process of treating nitrobenzene-containing wastewater. The experimental results showed that the microwave intensified the internal electrolysis effect of iron-carbon and the existence of iron was beneficial to the regeneration of activated carbon. Under the optimized electrolysis conditions as follows: iron dosage was 175g, molar ratio of Fe to C was 3, pH was 3, microwave power was 640W, irradiation time was 4 min and aeration amount was 2.5L/min, the removal rates of CODcr, chroma and turbidity were 94.7 %, 95.6 % and 90.3 %, respectively.

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Study on the Tolerance and Adsorption of Five Heavy Metal Ions by a Radiation-Resistant Acinetobacter sp.

Authors: Jing Zhu, Yu Qing Xie, Su Qin Song, Zhi Dong Zhang, Wei Wang, Mei Ying Gu, Qi Yong Tang

Abstract: To investigate the tolerance and adsorption of five heavy metal ions by radiation-resistant microbes, a radiation-resistant strain NO.9 was identified according to 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis and Biolog system, and the tolerance and adsorption to five heavy metal ions was analysed. The results showed that it had a maximum tolerance 2200mg/L to Pb2+, and it had adsorption ability to Pb2+、Cu2+、Hg2+、Zn2+ and Co2+under the situation as followes: 0.1g the amount of cells, at pH 6.0, 20°C and adsorbed for 40 min. it reached a maximum adsorption 98.9% to Pb2+, and the amount of adsorption was 39.56mg/g. It indicated the strain NO.9 had a strong tolerance and absorption to Pb2+. This assay laid a theoretical basis and technological foundation for further study of the radiation-resistant microorganisms in the heavy metal pollution.

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Detection of the Intermediate in Preparation of Ammonium Polyphosphate by Ammoniating Rate Factor

Authors: Gou Sheng Liu, Yue Long Liu

Abstract: Ammonia atmosphere is significant to controllably obtain a certain crystalline forms. In this paper, the effect of ammoniating rate is investigated. Some intermediates are detected during the preparation process of APP, the XRD spectra of these intermediates are discussed. The results show that low ammoniating rate is suitable for preparation of APP form II. With ammoniating rate increasing, most of the crystals transform to APP V in the intermediate and water insolubility of the product increases. The results are informative for controllable preparation of APP in industrial production.

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Detection of the Intermediate in Preparation of Ammonium Polyphosphate by Temperature Factor

Authors: Gou Sheng Liu, Yue Long Liu

Abstract: Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is a long chain polyphosphate salt, it has six crystalline forms. In preparation of APP, temperature is significant to controllably obtain a certain crystalline forms. In this paper, the effect of temperature is investigated during the preparation process of APP. Some intermediates are detected, the XRD spectra of these intermediates are discussed. The results show that temperature at 2800C is suitable for preparation of form II. With temperature increasing, water insolubility increases. The results are informative for controllable preparation of APP in industrial production.

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Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Subtropical Agricultural Field

Authors: Hui Liu

Abstract: N2O emissions have been increasing in recent years due to intensive agricultural practices. This study was conducted to evaluate N2O emissions from a subtropical paddy field of south China with closed static chamber and a gas chromatograph in situ in the second crop season. Gas samples were taken simultaneously from rice-involved and rice-free plots. It showed that diurnal variation of N2O emission was more regular at the booting stage. The diurnal mean N2O flux of rice-involved plot was higher than that of rice-free plot during flooding time but lower during the drying time. It showed no significant correlation between N2O flux and temperature. The N2O flux was affected by soil water regime. Rice paddy field in growing season is a N2O source to atmosphere.

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The Preparation and Characterization of Polycaprolactone Elastomer Polymer

Authors: Hong Su, Li Mei Guo, Lian Yong Wang

Abstract: polycaprolactone diols (MW=540, 1000, 2000) and citric acid were used as monomers, polycaprolactone-citric acid preformed polymer was preparated firstly by the heating polycondensation, then the preformed polymer was heated and cross-linked to obtain biodegradable elastomeric material. The molecular structure and Molecular weight was proved respectively by 1-HNMR and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC). The shape and glass transition temperature (Tg) of polycaprolactone-citric acid polymer was certified by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The hydrophilicity of the polymer was evaluated by its contact angle. The polymer’s mechanical property and degradation speed was also investigated.

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Research on the Isolation, Identification and Degradation Characteristics of a Diesel Oil Degrading Strain

Authors: Lei Huang, Jing Xie, Xiao Feng Shi, Jing Yan Lian

Abstract: A hydrocarbon-degrading strain ZRS was isolated from petroleum-contaminated soils sampled from Xinjiang oil field and identified as Acinetobacter beijerinckii, which could use diesel oil as solo carbon source. The optimal temperature and pH for strain utilizing ethanol was 25°C and 7.2; the optimal concentration of ethanol and the biomass concentration was 4.5% and 10⁹ CFU/mL, respectively. Inoculated to artificial seawater which added (NH₄)₂SO₄ 2.64g/L、Na₂HPO₄ 1.5 g/L and yeast extract 13 mg/L after 7 days of culture at temperature 25°C, the rate of degradation was 73.9％.

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Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Sediments along the Jiangsu Lagoon

Authors: Zhao Xiang Han, Zhen Zhu, Dan Dan Wu

Abstract: Abstract: In this study we have worked on the evaluation of heavy metal contamination in the sediments taken from the Jiangsu lagoon and thereby used the Enrichment factor (EF), Pollution load index (PLI), Geoaccumulation index (Igeo), Potential ecological risk index (PERI), Potential ecological risk index (PERI), Potential toxicity response index (PTRI) and Risk assessment code (RAC) and the methods of statistical analysis. The average EF of Zn is found to be less than 2, and the average EF of Cu, Cr, Cd, Pb and Ni are found to be greater than 2 in Jiangsu lagoon.The EF for Pb, Cd and Cr are higher along the Jiangsu lagoon and harbor, which reveals the anthropogenic contribution to the increased content of the surface sediments of the Jiangsu coast. PLI values calculated for Yancheng suggest that this zone is appreciably less impacted by metal pollutants than Nantong. Zn (Igeo(mean)<0), as unpolluted to moderately polluted with Cu (0

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Comparison Activating Ability of Three Hydrogen Peroxide Activators

Authors: Sheng Guo, De Yi Huang, Ji Feng She, Xiang Qun Liang

Abstract: The bleaching efficiency of hydrogen peroxide can be promoted by using suitable activator. In our research, two methods were applied to compare the activating ability of three activators, TAED (tetraacetylethylenediamine), acetamide and dicyandiamide. The first part was hydrogen peroxide bleaching. TAED was excellent, because the brightness improvement was the maximum; the viscosity was acceptable. Acetamide was an applied activator in peroxide bleaching，for it could get same effects as TAED if the bleaching process had enough time and enough dosage. In the last part our study was about the kinetics of a lignin model compounds, acetovanillone, in peroxide-alone system, TAED/H2O2 system, acetamide/H2O2 system and dicyandiamide/H2O2 system. The rate constant, k and half-life period, t1/2 can be used to compare the rate of oxidation of acetovanilone. Compared to peroxide-alone system, three systems with activator and H2O2 could accelerate the reactions of hydrogen peroxide and acetovanillone. The t1/2 of TAED/H2O2 system was least of them. It was just 1/5 of t1/2 of peroxide-alone system, 1/4 of t1/2 of acetamide/H2O2 system and dicyandiamide/H2O2 system. The activating ability order of activators was: TAED> acetamide> dicyandiamide.

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