The Influence of Three Different Types of Herbicides on Biodiversity

Abstract:

We used methods such as microorganism cultivation and PCR-DGGE to examine the influence of glyphosate, paraquat, and xiao suo (used exclusively in China) on biodiversity. Two weeks after herbicide application, the strongest herbicidal effect was observed from paraquat, followed by glyphosate and then xiao suo. Although weed suppression was maintained over the effective period of each herbicide, surface vegetation gradually recovered after one month. Levels of soil bacteria and fungi were noticeably altered by exposure to herbicide. Actinomycetes were unaffected, however. Bacterial genetic diversity obviously changed, with some DGGE bands disappearing. Although several DGGE bands were lost, fungal genetic diversity remained constant. Actinomycetes remained constant. Overall, glyphosate and paraquat had stronger culling effects on surface plants than xiao suo, whereas glyphosate and xiao suo had stronger effects on soil microorganisms than paraquat. The results have implications for agriculture production, and provide information related to soil ecological stability and recovery for use in ecological management of economic forests.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 838-841)
• Pages: 2417-2426
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.838-841.2417
• Online since: November 2013
• Authors: Yong Chao Tang, Sheng Feng Mao, Xue Qing Ma, Mi Mi Qiu, Kai Ma, Meng Xuan Zhu, Zheng Jia Wang*
• Keywords: Biodiversity, Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE), Herbicides, Plate Method, Soil Microorganism

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