Synthesis of 8 %mol Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Powders by Mechanochemical Processing of ZrOCl₂.8H₂O and YCl₃.6H₂0 with Li₂CO₃

Abstract:

Mechanochemical processing of zirconium oxychloride and yttrium chloride precursors with lithium carbonate has been used to synthesis ultrafine powders of yttria-stabilized zirconia. The purposes of this work are to synthesis 8% mol yttria-stabilized zirconia powder via a mechanochemical process and to study the effect of LiCl as an inert diluent on agglomerate size of ultrafine powders. 8% mol yttria-stabilized zirconia powder was prepared from zirconium oxychloride and 8 %mol yttrium chloride precursors with lithium carbonate by using planetary ball mill and heat treatment. Chemical reaction between reactant mixtures occurs during post-milling heat treatment at low temperature to form composite powder. The products of this reaction consist of ultrafine powders embedded within LiCl as soluble salt by-product. The ultrafine powder is then recovered by removing the salt through a washing procedure. The powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and particle size analysis. The results indicated that 8% mol yttria-stabilized zirconia crystal structure depends on post-milling heat treatment temperatures. The structure of yttria-stabilized zirconia is transformed to a tetragonal form at 400 oC and 500 oC. Furthermore, it tends to form a cubic structure at 600 oC. However, agglomerate size of ultrafine powders also depends on the concentration of lithium chloride as an inert diluent and the washing procedure. Primary particle size of ultrafine powders is 30 nm.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 93-94)
• Pages: 344-349
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.93-94.344
• Online since: January 2010
• Authors: Kanatip Kumproa, Apinon Nuntiya, Qi Wu Zhang, Fumio Saito
• Keywords: Inert Diluent, Mechanochemical Process, Planetary Ball Mill, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (ZrO₂/8%Y₂O₃)

References

[1] V. Grover, R. Shukla and A.K. Tyagi: Facile Synthesis of ZrO2 Powders: Control of Morphology. Scripta Materialia. 57 (2007), 699-702.

DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2007.06.053

[2] H. Wang, G. Li, Y. Xue and L. Li: Hydrated Surface Structure and its Impacts on the Stabilization of t-ZrO2. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 180 (2007), 2790-2797.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2007.08.015

[3] P. N. Kuznetsov, L. I. Kuznetsova, A. M. Zhyzhaev, G. L. Pashkov, and V. V. Boldyrev: Ultra Fast Synthesis of Metastable Tetragonal Zirconia by Means of Mechanochemical Activation. Applied Catalysis A: General. 227 (2002), 299-307.

DOI: 10.1016/s0926-860x(01)00946-2

[4] DoIPoMS: Electrolyte, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom. (2006).

[5] P. D. L. Mercera, J. G. Ommen, E. B. M. Doesburg, A. J. Burggraaf and J. R. H. Ross: Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconium Oxide as a Support for Catalysts and Evolution of the Texture and Structure on Calcination in Static Air. Applied Catalysis. 78 (1991).

DOI: 10.1016/0166-9834(91)80090-j

[6] H. Yang, J. Ouyang, X. Zhang, N. Wang and C. Du: Synthesis and Optical Properties of Yttria-doped ZrO2 *anopowders. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 458 (2008), 474-478.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.04.011

[7] C. W. Kuo, Y. H. Shen, I. M. Hung, S. B. Wen, H. E. Lee and M. C. Wang: Effect of Y2O3 Addition on the Crystal Growth and Sintering Behavior of YSZ *anopowders Prepared by a Sol-gel Process. Journal of Alloys and Compounds (2008), in Press.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.05.027

[8] K. Chih-Wei, L. Yueh-Hsun, F. Kuan-Zong and W. Moo-Chin: Effect of Y2O3 Addition on the Phase Transition and Growth of YSZ *anocrystallites Prepared by a Sol-gel Process. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. 351 (2005), 304-311.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.11.002

[9] D. S. Patil, K. Prabhakaran, C. Durgaprasad, N. M. Gokhale, A. B. Samui and S. C. Sharma: Synthesis of *anocrystalline 8 mol% Yttria Stabilized Zirconia by the Oleate Complex Route. Ceramics International. 35 (2009), 515-519.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2008.01.023

[10] K. Junya, K. Eiko, W. Tongamp and S. Fumio: Preparation of Ga* Powder by Mechanochemical Reaction between Ga2O3 and Li3*. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 464 (2008), 337-339.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.09.120

[11] A. C. Dodd and P. G. McCormick: Synthesis of *anocrystalline ZrO2 Powders by Mechanochemical Reaction of ZrCl4 with LiOH. Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 22 (2002), 1823-1829.

DOI: 10.1016/s0955-2219(01)00500-3

[12] A. C. Dodd, T. Tsuzuki and P. G. McCormick: *anocrystalline Zirconia Powders Synthesised by Mechanochemical Processing. Materials Science and Engineering. A301 (2001), 54-58.

DOI: 10.1016/s0921-5093(00)01386-1

[13] A.C. Dodd and P.G. McCormick: Synthesis of *anoparticulate Zirconia by Mechanochemical Processing. Scripta mater. 44 (2001), 1725-1729.

DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6462(01)00792-8

[14] A. C. Dodd and P.G. McCormick: Solid-state Chemical Synthesis of *anoparticulate Zirconia. Acta mater. 49 (2001), 4215-4220.

DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6454(01)00311-1