Advanced Materials Research Vols. 953-954

Abstract: A novel method was proposed for preparing oxychloride octahydrate by the two – step decomposition of zircon sand concentrate in sodium hydroxide system. The effect of decomposition temperature and NaOH – to – zircon mass ratio of each stage on the decomposition of zircon sand was investigated. The macrokinetics of the two – step decomposition process was also examined. The experimental date showed that the shrinking core model with diffusion through the residual layer is most applicable for the first step decomposition process with the apparent activation energy of 42.9 kJ/mol, but the second step process was controlled by chemical reaction with the apparent activation energy of 30.1 kJ/mol.

Abstract: The compositions and kinematic viscosity of Pistacia Chinensis-based biodiesel (PCME) are investigated. Viscosity temperature equations are proposed for predicting kinematic viscosity of PCME and its blends with 0 petrodiesel (0PD) /-10 petrodiesel (-10PD) at different temperature. In this work, we show that PCME is mainly composed of fatty acid methyl esters of 14-24 even-numbered C atoms: C_14:0-C_24:0, C_16:1-C_22:1, C_18:2-C_20:2 and C_18:3. PCME has higher kinematic viscosity and unfavorable viscosity temperature property, its kinematic viscosity (40 °C) is 5.99 mm²/s. An approach to reduce viscosity and enhance viscosity temperature property is put forward: blending with 0 PD/-10PD.

Abstract: Ethanol has great potential to be a candidate for the source of light olefins such as ethylene and propylene. However, ethanol to olefin (ETO) process has not been fully investigated. In this work, the conversion of ethanol to propylene was investigated over H-ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts with different Si/Al₂ ratios (80 and 280). Similar product distributions were obtained with the two catalysts at different contact times, and the turnover frequencies of the two catalysts were identical. These results strongly imply that the product distribution was independent of the Si/Al₂ ratio and that the active site for conversion of ethanol to propylene was the identical for both catalysts.

Abstract: In the process of pressurized coal gasification, coal particles experience rapid devolatilization to become chars, which react with H₂O and CO₂. The characteristics of the char play an important role in the gasification research. Hence acquisition of coal char fitting real situation is demanded. The article uses PDTF system to produce coal char at high heating rate under pressurized conditions, and char morphology and pore structure are analyzed.

Abstract: Coal is absolute dominance in reserves-to-production ratio terms. The development of fuels derived from pyrolysis of low-rank coals is beneficial to lower fossil fuels cost and greenhouse gas emissions. The research proposal briefly summarized energy situation and sustainable development strategy as they were by 2013 at first. Then some recent process in the understanding of the pyrolysis behaviors of coal was reviewed. The influencing factors of atmospheres, additives, and catalysts during coal pyrolysis will be followed to literature. The review paper on pyrolysis characteristics will achieve the development of advanced technologies for the clean and efficient utilization of low-rank coals

Abstract: Deep desulfurization of a hydrotreated diesel fuel was investigated with H₂O₂ oxidation coupled with solvent extraction intensified by ultrasound. The process parameters for the oxidation desulfurization of diesel fuel, such as the type and dosage of catalyst, co-solvent, ultrasound time, molar ratio of H₂O₂ and sulfur were investigated. The results showed that sulfur content of the hydrotreated diesel fuel was reduced from 140 ppm to 10 ppm with using 2%wt of phosphotungstic acid as catalyst, 20%wt of methanol as co-solvent during the reaction, reaction temperature at 90°C, ultrasound time for 10 min and H₂O₂/S molar ratio of 16, and ultrasound irradiation had the obvious reinforcement in oxidative desulfurization of diesel fuel.

Abstract: AgBr nanoparticle decorated mesoporous Bi₂WO₆ architectures was fabricated via a facile precipitation-deposition process. As-prepared AgBr/Bi₂WO₆ heterojunction was characterized by XRD, FE-SEM and HR-TEM. The photocatalytic activities of the samples were evaluated by the photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) under visible light irradiation. The results showed that AgBr nanoparticles decrodation great improved the photocatalytic activity of Bi₂WO₆. The 2.0at%AgBr/Bi₂WO₆ sample exhibited the best photocatalytic activity for decolorization of MO.Furthermore, the mechanism of enhanced photocatalytic activity for hierarchical AgBr/Bi₂WO₆ heterojunction was also discussed.

Abstract: BiPO₄ microcrystal was prepared via a simple deposition –precipitation synthesis process. XRD, UV-Vis-DRS and FE-SEM techniques were employed to investigate its’ phase composition, morphology. The photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared samples was evaluated by the degradation rate of Rhodamine B (RhB) and p-nitrophenol. The photo degradation experiments result indicated that RhB and p-nitrophenol were easily photodegradated with as-synthesis BiPO₄ microcrystal under mental halide lamp irradiation. Furthermore, the photoctalytic activity mechanism was also discussed.

Abstract: Uniform 1D MoO₃ nanobelts were synthesized via a facile template-free hydrothermal process using (NH₄)₆Mo₂₄·4H₂O as raw materials. XRD, FE-SEM, HR-TEM techniques were employed to investigate the phase composition, morphology, and microstructure of as-synthesized samples. The MoO₃ nanobelts have single crystalline orthorhombic phase structure, preferentially grow in [001] direction. The photocatalytic properties were evaluated by the photodegradation of Rhodamine-B under visible light irradiation. The experimental result illustrated that the compound exhibits good photocatalytic performance for degradation of RhB under visible light irradiation.

Abstract: Flash pyrolysis of Shenmu coal with solid heat carrier was carried out in a fluidized bed using semi-coke as the solid heat carrier and nitrogen as the carrier gas. The effects of pyrolysis temperature, reaction time and mass ratio of heat carrier to coal on the yields of products were studied. It is found that the best operating conditions involving pyrolysis temperature 550°C, reaction time 6 min and mass ratio of heat carrier to coal 2. The properties of coal tar from fluidized bed, such as density, viscosity, freezing point, carbon residue and hydrogen carbon atom ratio, are almost higher than that of the above water coal tar and lower than that of the below water coal tar, while the above and below water coal tar obtained from Sanjiang squared retort. The results of simulation distillation show that gasoline and diesel fractions of coal tar from fluidized bed are higher than that of below water coal tar and lower than that of above water coal tar, while the heavy oil fraction is opposed.