Fluorescent Signatures of Organic Matter Attached on Particulate Particle in the Atmosphere Surrounding in Steel Factory

Abstract:

In this research, the characterization and molecular weight of organic matter, adsorbed on both particle sizes from ambient air in the steel factory, was dissolved into adequate distilled water and analyzed by fluorescent spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) equipped with Diode Array Detector (DAD). The components of water-soluble organic compounds (WSOC) attached on both particle sizes, including PM 2.5 μm and PM 2.5-10 μm, were elucidated by the integration of excitation-emission fluorescent matrix (EEFM) with Parallel Factor (PARAFAC) analysis. It reveals that total fluorescent intensity of PM 2.5 μm was higher than that of PM 2.5-10 μm. Similar fluorescent signature was found in WSOC from both particles at the whole sampling locations. High excitation wavelength (280-320 nm) belonging to humic-like substance (220-240 nm) and low excitation wavelength due to fulvic-like substance were found in both particle sizes with the proximity of emission wavelength of 400 nm. Three major components of WSCO for both particles had high explanatory power representing the content of organic matter. For the largest contribution of fluorescence, the wavelengths of Ex/Em for coarse particle were higher than those of fine particle. The phenomenon was coexisted in molecular weight.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 955-959)
• Pages: 1224-1228
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.955-959.1224
• Online since: June 2014
• Authors: Yi Chyun Hsu, Jing Wen Cao, Shao Wei Liao, Chung Yi Chung, Hwa Sheng Gau, Wen Liang Lai*
• Keywords: Excitation-Emission Fluorescent Matrix, Humic Acid-Like, Molecular Weight, Parallel Factor Analysis, Water-Soluble Organic Compounds

References

[1] N. Kishikawa, N. Ohkubo, K. Ohyama, K. Nakashima, N. Kuroda, Chemiluminescence assay for quinones based on generation of reactive oxygen species through the redox cycle of quinone, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 393 (2009) 1337-1343.

DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2541-7

[2] J.L. Bolton, M.A. Trush, T.M. Penning, G. Dryhurst, T.J. Monks, Role of quinones in toxicology, Chemical Research in Toxicology, 13 (2000) 135-160.

DOI: 10.1021/tx9902082

[3] T. Kameda, T. Goto, A. Toriba, N. Tang, K. Hayakawa, Determination of airborne particle-associated benz a anthracene-7, 12-quinone using high-performance liquid chromatography with in-line reduction and fluorescence detection, Journal of Chromatography A, 1216 (2009).

DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.08.009

[4] C.A. Stedmon, S. Markager, R. Bro, Tracing dissolved organic matter in aquatic environments using a new approach to fluorescence spectroscopy, Marine Chemistry, 82 (2003) 239-254.

DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4203(03)00072-0

[5] S. Peldszus, C. Halle, R.H. Peiris, M. Hamouda, X. Jin, R.L. Legge, H. Budman, C. Moresoli, P.M. Huck, Reversible and irreversible low-pressure membrane foulants in drinking water treatment: Identification by principal component analysis of fluorescence EEM and mitigation by biofiltration pretreatment, Water research, 45 (2011).

DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.07.022

[6] Å. Rinnan, J. Riu, R. Bro, Multi-way prediction in the presence of uncalibrated interferents, Journal of Chemometrics, 21 (2007) 76-86.

DOI: 10.1002/cem.1037

[7] J. -W. Cao, S. -W. Liao, C. -Y. Chung, H. -S. Gau, C. -Y. Chiu, W. -l. Lai, Specific Fluorescent Fingerprint of organic matter in Advanced Water Treatment and Its Molecular Weight Applied Mechanics and Materials, 448 - 453 (2013) 317-321.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.317

[8] L.G. Thygesen, Å. Rinnan, S. Barsberg, J.K.S. Møller, Stabilizing the PARAFAC decomposition of fluorescence spectra by insertion of zeros outside the data area, Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 71 (2004) 97-106.

DOI: 10.1016/j.chemolab.2003.12.012

[9] G.J. Hall, J.E. Kenny, Estuarine water classification using EEM spectroscopy and PARAFAC-SIMCA, Analytica chimica acta, 581 (2007) 118-124.

DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.08.034

[10] W. Chen, P. Westerhoff, J.A. Leenheer, K. Booksh, Fluorescence Excitation-Emission Matrix Regional Integration to Quantify Spectra for Dissolved Organic Matter, Environmental science & technology, (2003) 5701-5710.

DOI: 10.1021/es034354c

[11] N. Mladenov, I. Reche, F.J. Olmo, H. Lyamani, L. Alados-Arboledas, Relationships between spectroscopic properties of high-altitude organic aerosols and Sun photometry from ground-based remote sensing, Journal of Geophysical Research-Biogeosciences, 115 (2010).

DOI: 10.1029/2009jg000991

[12] R. Bro, M. Vidal, EEMizer: Automated modeling of fluorescence EEM data, Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 106 (2011) 86-92.

DOI: 10.1016/j.chemolab.2010.06.005