Investigation of Diffraction of Electromagnetic Microwaves on Explosive Materials

Abstract:

A mathematical model of diffraction of electromagnetic microwaves on explosive materials with different physical and electromagnetic parameters has been developed. The model was constructed by solving Maxwell's equation for two surfaces separating three dielectric materials, in particular air, explosive material, and the substrate on which the explosive material is located. Different types of soil and wood are considered as the substrate material, which meets the conditions for demining large areas of the locality. The results of the numerical calculation showed that 67 % to 92 % of the energy of electromagnetic radiation is concentrated in the explosive material. In this case, trinitrotoluene, which is placed on dry sand, has the highest absorption rates, while wet wood, due to its high coefficient of dielectric permittivity, successfully transmits electromagnetic microwaves through its surface. The obtained models and numerical results are considered as theoretical basis for predicting the effectiveness of remote methods of detection and disposal of explosive materials using electromagnetic microwaves. The obtained results showed that this method will be least effective for explosive materials placed on wet wood. In this case, the lowest reflection coefficient is observed that complicates the search for explosive material and the lowest absorption coefficient that complicates the artificial detonation of explosive material due to its heating under the influence of electromagnetic microwaves.

• Periodical: Advances in Science and Technology (Volume 156)
• Pages: 91-102
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-Cg2mbV
• Online since: September 2024
• Authors: Artem Karpov, Maksym Kustov*, Oleksii Basmanov, Oleg Kulakov
• Keywords: Dielectric Loss Angle Tangent, Dielectric Permittivity, Diffraction, Electric Field, Electromagnetic Microwave, Explosive Material, Magnetic Field, Reflection Coefficient, Transmission Coefficient, Wave Length, Wave Vector

References

[1] A.W. Dorn, Eliminating Hidden Killers: How Can Technology Help Humanitarian Demining? Stability: International Journal of Security and Development. 8(1) (2019) 1–17.

DOI: 10.5334/sta.743

[2] M. Prem, M.E. Purroy, J.F. Vargas, Landmines: the Local Effects of Demining, TSE Working Paper, 1305 (2022) 22.

DOI: 10.31235/osf.io/3jzk6

[3] S. Ragimov, V. Sobyna, S. Vambol, V. Vambol, A. Feshchenko, A. Zakora, E. Strejekurov, V. Shalomov, Physical modelling of changes in the energy impact on a worker taking into account high-temperature radiation. Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering. 91(1) (2018) 27–33.

DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.9654

[4] V. Andronov, B. Pospelov, E. Rybka, Development of a method to improve the performance speed of maximal fire detectors. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2/9(86) (2017) 32–37.

DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2017.96694

[5] B. Pospelov, E. Rybka, V. Togobytska, R. Meleshchenko, Yu. Danchenko, Construction of the method for semi-adaptive threshold scaling transformation when computing recurrent plots. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 4/10 (100) (2019) 22–29.

DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2019.176579

[6] B. Pospelov, E. Rybka, R. Meleshchenko, S. Gornostal, S. Shcherbak, Results of experimental research into correlations between hazardous factors of ignition of materials in premises. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 6/10 (90) (2017) 50–56.

DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2017.117789

[7] A. Melnichenko, M. Kustov, O. Basmanov, O. Karatieieva, N. Shevchuk, Devising a procedure to forecast the level of chemical damage to the atmosphereduring active deposition of dangerous gases. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 1(10-115) (2022) 31–40.

DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2022.251675

[8] B. Pospelov, V. Andronov, E. Rybka, O. Krainiukov, N. Maksymenko, R. Meleshchenko, Yu. Bezuhla, I. Hrachova, R. Nesterenko, А. Shumilova, Mathematical model of determining a risk to the human health along with the detection of hazardous states of urban atmosphere pollution based on measuring the current concentrations of pollutants. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise. 4/10 (106) (2020) 37–44.

DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2020.210059

[9] V. Tiutiunyk, H. Ivanets, I. Tolkunov, E. Stetsyuk, System approach for readiness assessment units of civil defense to actions at emergency situations. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 1(163) (2018) 99–105

DOI: 10.29202/nvngu/2018-1/7

[10] O. Popov, A. Iatsyshyn, V. Kovach, V. Artemchuk, D. Taraduda, V. Sobyna, D. Sokolov, M. Dement, V. Hurkovskyi, K. Nikolaiev, T. Yatsyshyn, D. Dimitriieva, Physical features of pollutants spread in the air during the emergency at NPPs. Nuclear and Radiation Safety. 4(84) (2019) 88–98.

DOI: 10.32918/nrs.2019.4(84).11

[11] O. Kulakov, A. Katunin, M. Kustov, E. Slepuzhnikov, S. Rudakov, Investigation of Reliability of Emergency Shutdown of Consumers in Electric Power Systems of Explosive Hazardous Zones. 2022 IEEE 3rd KhPI Week on Advanced Technology (Conference Proceedings). (2022) 173–177.

DOI: 10.1109/khpiweek57572.2022.9916418

[12] B. Pospelov, V. Andronov, E. Rybka, V. Popov, A. Romin, Experimental study of the fluctuations of gas medium parameters as early signs of fire. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 1/10 (91) (2018) 50–55.

DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2018.122419

[13] O. Popov, D. Taraduda, V. Sobyna, D. Sokolov, M. Dement, A. Pomaza-Ponomarenko, Emergencies at Potentially Dangerous Objects Causing Atmosphere Pollution: Peculiarities of Chemically Hazardous Substances Migration, Systems. Decision and Control in Energy. 298 (2020) 151–163.

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-48583-2_10

[14] O. Rybalova, S. Artemiev, M. Sarapina, B. Tsymbal, A. Bakhareva, O. Shestopalov, O. Filenko, Development of methods for estimating the environmental risk of degradation of the surface water state. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2/10 (92) (2018) 4–17.

DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2018.127829

[15] O. Popov, A. Iatsyshyn, V. Kovach, V. Artemchuk, D. Taraduda, V. Sobyna, D. Sokolov, M. Dement, T. Yatsyshyn, Conceptual approaches for development of informational and analytical expert system for assessing the NPP impact on the environment. Nuclear and Radiation Safety. 3 (79) (2018) 56–65.

DOI: 10.32918/nrs.2018.3(79).09

[16] R.W. Armstrong, W.L. Elban, Materials science and technology aspects of energetic (explosive) materials, Materials Science and Technology. Energetic (explosive) materials and deformation at high strain rates. 22(4) (2006) 381–395.

DOI: 10.1179/174328406x84049

[17] R. Kovalenko, A. Kalynovskyi, S. Nazarenko, B. Kryvoshei, E. Grinchenko, Z. Demydov, M. Mordvyntsev, R. Kaidalov, Development of a method of completing emergency rescue units with emergency vehicles. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 4/3 (100) (2019) 54–62.

DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2019.175110

[18] D.P. Williams, V. Myers, M.S. Silvious, Mine Classification With Imbalanced Data. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. 6(3) (2009) 528–532.

DOI: 10.1109/lgrs.2009.2021964

[19] Vl. Barannik, S. Sidchenko, N. Barannik, Val. Barannik, Development of the method for encoding service data in cryptocompression image representation systems, Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 3/9 (111) (2021) 103–115.

DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2021.235521

[20] N. Palka, M. Szala, E. Czerwinska, Characterization of prospective explosive materials using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Applied Optics. 55/17 (2016) 4575–4583.

DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.004575

[21] C. Yilmaz, H.T. Kahraman, S. Söyler, Passive mine detection and classification method based on hybrid model. IEEE Access. 6 (2018) 47870–47888.

DOI: 10.1109/access.2018.2866538

[22] T.J. Janssen, Explosive materials: Classification, composition and properties. Nova Science Publishers. (2011) 1–292.

[23] L.S. Yoo, J.H. Lee, Y.K. Lee, S.K. Jung, Y. Choi, Application of a drone magnetometer system to military mine detection in the demilitarized zone. Sensors. 21(9) (2021) 3175.

DOI: 10.3390/s21093175

[24] M.V. Kustov, O.М. Kulakov, A.A. Karpov, O.Ie. Basmanov, Yu.V., Mykhailovska, Model dyfraktsii elektromahnitnykh khvyl na vybukhonebezpechnykh predmetakh. Problemy nadzvychainykh sytuatsii. 2(38) (2023) 39–52.

[25] M. Kustov, A. Karpov, S. Harbuz, A. Savchenko, Effect of Physical and Chemical Properties of Explosive Materials on the Conditions of their Use. Key Engineering Materials. 952 (2023) 143–154.

DOI: 10.4028/p-0h8ung

[26] G.N. Shabanova, A.N. Korohodska, M.V. Kustov, M.Y. Ivashchenko, D.V. Taraduda, Barium-containing cement and concrete for protection against electromagnetic radiation. Functional Materialsthis. 28(2) (2021) 323–326.

[27] Yu. Otrosh, O. Semkiv, E. Rybka, A. Kovalov, About need of calculations for the steel framework building in temperature influences conditions. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 708 (2019) 012065.

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/708/1/012065

[28] M.V. Kustov, V.D. Kalugin, V.V. Deineka, E.D. Slepuzhnikov, D.M. Deyneka, Radioprotective cement for long-term storage of nuclear waste. Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii. 2 (2020) 73–81.

DOI: 10.32434/0321-4095-2020-129-2-73-81

[29] Microwave power engineering: edited by E.C. Okress (in 3 vol.), Academic press, New York and London, 1968.

[30] L.D. Landau, E.M. Lifshitz, Electrodynamics of continuous media: translated by J.B. Skyes and J.S. Bell, Addison-Wesley, Boston, 1960.