Development of IOT-Based Battery Pack Enclosure as a Conversion Kit for Electric Bike Conversion

Article Preview

Abstract:

Two-wheeled electric bicycles are widely used by the public as a means of short-distance transportation. To optimize user movement while encouraging the use of environmentally friendly energy in the area around the campus, electric bicycles can be made by converting ordinary bicycles used daily via a conversion kit. The challenge is to develop a design that is simple to install (plug and play) on various types of bicycles. The idea of a universal battery pack for converted electric bicycles with an IoT monitoring system is the advantage feature. The objective is to design the enclosure for the converter kit with a LiFePO4 Li-ion type battery capacity of 576Wh. The result from the simulation for the design shows that the enclosure design with PC-ABS material appropriate to be used for the battery pack for the dimension approximately 50cm x 16cm x 14cm with the weight of 4.5kg.

You might also be interested in these eBooks

Info:

Periodical:

Engineering Headway (Volume 38)

Pages:

265-272

Citation:

Online since:

June 2026

Export:

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Permissions PLS:

Сopyright:

© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

[1] Ç. Tozluoğlu, Y. Liao, and F. Sprei, "Potential of e-bikes to replace passenger car trips and reduce greenhouse gas emissions," Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research, vol. 2, p.100043, 2024/12/01/ 2024.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmr.2024.100043

Google Scholar

[2] N. Horesh and J. C. Quinn, "Fuel shifts reduce most of the greenhouse gas emissions from transportation in the United States," Communications Earth & Environment, vol. 5, no. 1, p.781, 2024/12/20 2024.

DOI: 10.1038/s43247-024-01924-4

Google Scholar

[3] H.D.S.B.D.A.S.M.A.A.S.B.A.S.S.F.Z.G.H.N.R.S. Sonki Prasetya, "Development of Smart Magnetic Braking Actuator Control for a Heavy Electric Vehicle," International Journal of Technology, vol. 11, no. 7, pp.291-319, 2020/12/17 2020.

DOI: 10.14716/ijtech.v11i7.4462

Google Scholar

[4] S. Prasetya et al., "Structural performance evaluation of mobile solar-powered battery swap station for electric motorcycles," Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, vol. 6, no. 8 (132), pp.25-33, 12/30 2024.

DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2024.318787

Google Scholar

[5] E. Arsenio, J. V. Dias, S. A. Lopes, and H. I. Pereira, "Assessing the market potential of electric bicycles and ICT for low carbon school travel: a case study in the Smart City of ÁGUEDA," European Transport Research Review, vol. 10, no. 1, p.13, 2018/01/20 2018.

DOI: 10.1007/s12544-017-0279-z

Google Scholar

[6] X. Zhu, D. Lyu, J. Xu, and Y. Lin, "Travel Characteristics and Cost–Benefit Analysis of Bikeshare Service on University Campuses," Sustainability, vol. 17, no. 8, p.3489, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/8/3489.

DOI: 10.3390/su17083489

Google Scholar

[7] J. Liu et al., "A Study of Electric Bicycle Lithium Battery Charging Monitoring Using CNN and BiLSTM Networks Model with NILM Method," Electronics, vol. 13, no. 16, p.3316, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/16/3316.

DOI: 10.3390/electronics13163316

Google Scholar

[8] S. Sen, P. Talebizadehsardari, A. La Rocca, A. Cairns, A. Pacino, and R. Mehdipour, "Effect of Different Module Arrangements for Thermal Management of Cylindrical Li-ion Battery Packs " presented at the 50th IECON: Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2024.

DOI: 10.1109/iecon55916.2024.10984328

Google Scholar

[9] S. Castano-Solis, D. Serrano-Jimenez, L. Gauchia, and J. Sanz, "The Influence of BMSs on the Characterization and Modeling of Series and Parallel Li-Ion Packs," Energies, vol. 10, no. 3, p.273, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/3/273.

DOI: 10.3390/en10030273

Google Scholar

[10] A. Rahmani, M. Dibaj, and M. Akrami, "Recent Advancements in Battery Thermal Management Systems for Enhanced Performance of Li-Ion Batteries: A Comprehensive Review," Batteries, vol. 10, no. 8, p.265, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/10/8/265.

DOI: 10.3390/batteries10080265

Google Scholar

[11] R. Novović. "Bicycle frame geometry." https://bike.bikegremlin.com/832/bicycle-frame-geometry/ (accessed 2025).

Google Scholar

[12] O. C. Andrei, L. A. Tănăsescu, I. D. Tărlungeanu, M. N. Dina, and M. H. Tierean, "Finite Element Comparative Analysis of Von Mises Stress Levels in Unilateral Removable Partial Denture with and without Distal Implant," Applied Sciences, vol. 12, no. 10, p.5116, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/10/5116.

DOI: 10.3390/app12105116

Google Scholar

[13] A. W. Fatima Sabah, Abdelkarim Kartouni, Hamid Chakir, and M. ELghorba, "Failure Analysis of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) Materials and Damage Modeling by Fracture," Int J Performability Eng, vol. 15, no. 9, pp.2285-2293, 2019-09-30 2019.

DOI: 10.23940/ijpe.19.09.p1.22852293

Google Scholar