Development of PID-Based RPM Control on Rotary Forcespinning for Nanofiber Fabrication

Abstract:

This study reports the development of a PID-based rotational speed control system for a rotary forcespinning (RFS) device aimed at improving the stability of nanofiber fabrication. The system integrates an Arduino Nano as the main controller, an optocoupler-based RPM sensor as feedback, and a BTS7960 motor driver to regulate a high-speed DC motor. The PID controller was implemented in a closed-loop configuration to maintain stable rotational speeds across multiple setpoints. The accuracy of the RPM measurement system was validated using a commercial tachometer, yielding a high linear correlation with R² = 0.9997 and an average error of 0.23%. The dynamic response of the PID controller demonstrated rapid stabilization with minimal steady-state error at rotational speeds up to 11000 RPM. The performance of the developed RFS system was evaluated by fabricating nanofibers from a 10 wt% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solution at rotational speeds of 7000; 9000; and 11000 RPM. The results show that stable and precise RPM control significantly influences the resulting nanofiber diameter and its distribution. These findings confirm that PID-based RPM control plays a critical role in enhancing operational stability and ensuring consistent nanofiber quality in rotary forcespinning systems.

• Periodical: Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials (Volume 44)
• Pages: 31-38
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-8Cjhw2
• Online since: August 2026
• Authors: Panji Setyo Nugroho*, Kamilah Nada Maisa, Khairurrijal Khairurrijal, Dian Ahmad Hapidin
• Keywords: Nanofiber Fabrication, PID Control, Rotary Forcespinning, RPM Stabilization

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