Materials Science Forum Vol. 1156

Abstract: We have demonstrated a novel process that precisely controls the wafer bow, a key parameter of overall warpage, of 4H-SiC wafers to any desired value by integrating a thermal sublimation process, Dynamic AGE-ing® (DA), immediately prior to the CVD epitaxial process. This method achieves atomic-level flatness of the CMP-finished surface independent of the growth and etching amounts, while concurrently eliminating sub-surface damage (SSD). When DA is applied to simultaneously etch the Si-face and grow the C-face, the wafer bow decreases linearly with increasing C-face growth. In wafers with poorer mechanical processing quality, an increase in bow is observed for C-face growth below 120 nm, likely due to the relaxation of SSD on that side. The process also removes SSD from the Si-face, ensuring that both sides are sufficiently cleared of damage. Furthermore, for wafers with an initially negative bow, simultaneous Si-face growth and C-face etching using DA produces a linear increase in bow. By applying these processes, we successfully adjusted the bow to –0.4 µm on an 8-inch wafer that initially measured –12.0 µm. These results indicate that, regardless of the initial bow severity, precise control of the wafer bow can be achieved without adversely affecting subsequent CVD epitaxy processes by appropriately managing the growth layer thicknesses on both faces using DA.

Abstract: This work discusses three aspects of the PVT growth process to reach a higher SiC crystal yield: (i) Type of carbon isolation material and procedure to maintain reproducible growth conditions from one process to the next. (ii) The pros and cons of temperature and power control (or a mixture of both) during the SiC crystal growth phase of the PVT process; and (iii) the selection of a set of process parameters and the specifications of the grown SiC crystal, which serve as a fingerprint of reproducible growth conditions (related to the selection and design of hot zone isolation components).