Tool Wear and Reactions in 304 Stainless Steel during Friction Stir Welding

Abstract:

Four kinds of the welding tools made of PCBN, W, WC and Al2O3 were applied to FSW of 304 stainless steel, and then the wear and reaction between the tool debris and the steel matrix were examined for each tool material. Severe tool damage was found in W, WC and Al2O3 tools after FSW, while the PCBN tool was hardly worn. Formations of Cr-rich borides, ferrite phases containing the high W contents and Cr-rich carbides were found in the stir zones produced using PCBN, W and WC tools, respectively. It was suggested that formation of those phases could be expected by calculation using the thermochemical database.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volumes 675-677)
• Pages: 731-734
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.675-677.731
• Online since: February 2011
• Authors: Yutaka S. Sato, Masahiro Muraguchi, Hiroyuki Kokawa
• Keywords: 304 Stainless Steel, Friction Stir Welding (FSW), Microstructure, Reaction, Tool Wear

References

[1] C.D. Sorensen: Proc. 14th Intern. Offshore and Polar Engineers Conf. (ISOPE 2004), Tulon, France, (2004), No. 4, p.8.

[2] A.P. Reynolds, W. Tang, T. Gnaupel-Herold and H. Prask: Scripta Mater. Vol. 48 (2003), p.1289.

DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6462(03)00024-1

[3] S.H.C. Park, Y.S. Sato, H. Kokawa, K. Okamoto, S. Hirano and M. Inagaki: Scripta Mater. Vol. 49 (2003), p.1175.

[4] S.H.C. Park, Y.S. Sato, H. Kokawa, K. Okamoto, S. Hirano and M. Inagaki: Scripta Mater. Vol. 51 (2004), p.101.

[5] S. Klingensmith, J.N. DuPont and A.R. Marder: Weld. J. Vol. 84 (2005), p. 77s.

[6] Y.S. Sato, T.W. Nelson and C.J. Sterling: Acta Mater. Vol. 53 (2005), p.637.

[7] S. Mironov, Y.S. Sato and H. Kokawa: Acta Mater. Vol. 56 (2008), p.2602.

[8] S.H.C. Park, Y.S. Sato, H. Kokawa, K. Okamoto, S. Hirano and M. Inagaki: Metall. Mater. Trans. A Vol. 40 (2009), p.625.

[9] H. Fujii, R. Ueji, Y. Takata, H. Kitahara, N. Tsuji, K. Nakata, K. Nogi: Mater. Trans. Vol. 47 (2006), p.239.

DOI: 10.2320/matertrans.47.239

[10] L. Cui, H. Fujii, N. Tsuji and K. Nogi: Scripta Mater. Vol. 56 (2007), p.637.

[11] T. Weinberger, S. Khosa, B. Führer and N. Enzinger: Proc. 7th Intern. FSW Symp., Awaji Island, Japan, (2008), CD-ROM.

[12] R. Ohashi, M. Fujimoto, S. Mironov, Y.S. Sato and H. Kokawa: Sci. Technol. Weld. Joining Vol. 14 (2009), p.221.

[13] R.S. Mishra and M.W. Mahoney, ed.: Friction Stir Welding and Processing, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, USA, (2007), p.111.

[14] Y.S. Sato, M. Muraguchi and H. Kokawa: Friction Stir Welding and Processing IV, TMS, Warrendale, PA, USA, (2007), p.261.

[15] F.C. Hull: Weld. J. Vol. 52 (1973), p. 193s.