Study on Formalization of Oil Palm Trunk Modified by Melamine Formaldehyde

Abstract:

The structure, composition and water content of a oil palm wood influence its dynamic mechanical properties. These are very important to study in relation to wood applications. The quality of oil palm wood can be improved through formalization treatment in acid and alkaline conditions and then impregnated by melamine formaldehyde. Variation of formalization time and curing temperature after impregnation on specimens were investigated. Based on physical properties and FTIR characterizations, the formalization time of both acidic and alkaline conditions with the melamine formaldehyde impregnation treatment, showed improving in physical properties of the samples after treatment and this is also indicated with a shift in wave numbers and emergenced a new functional group on FTIR spectra of the samples. The curing temperature has also led to increase density and decrease water content of the specimen, so therefore revealing a decrease of the hygroscopicity of wood.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 966)
• Pages: 151-156
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.966.151
• Online since: August 2019
• Authors: Tetti Novalina Manik, Mashuri Mashuri, Darminto Darminto
• Keywords: Acidic, Alkaline, Formalization, Oil Palm Trunk

References

[1] Erwinsyah, Improvement of oil palm wood properties using bioresin, PhD Thesis, Technische Universität, Dresden, German, (2008).

[2] R. I. M. Damanik, Kekuatan kayu, e-USU Repository, (2005).

[3] Mamiński, Mariusz, P. Kozakiewicz, W. Jaskółowski, K. L. Chin, P. S. H'ng, and R. T. Mamińska. (2016), Enhancement of technical value of oil palm (elaeis guineensis jacq.) waste trunk through modification with 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU), Eur. J. Wood Wood Prod. 74 (2016) 837–844.

DOI: 10.1007/s00107-016-1086-2

[4] J. Lamaming, R. Hashim, C. P. Leh, O. Sulaiman, T. Sugimoto, and M. Nasir, Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanocrystals from parenchyma and vascular bundle of oil palm trunk (elaeis guineensis), Carbohydr. Polym. 134 (2015) 534–40.

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.08.017

[5] B. Chieng, S. Lee, N. Ibrahim, Y. Then, Y. Loo, Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanocrystals from oil palm mesocarp fiber, Polymers 9 (2017) 355.

DOI: 10.3390/polym9080355

[6] T. Malutan, R. Nicu, V. I. Popa, Contribution to the study of hydroxymetylation reaction of alkali lignin, BioResources 3 (2008) 13-20.

[7] H. Akitsu, M. Norimoto, R. M. Rowell, effect of humidity on vibrational properties of chemically modified wood, Wood and Fiber Science 25 (1993) 250-260.

[8] H. Yano, K. Minato, Controlling the timbre of wooden musical instruments by chemical modification, Wood Sci. Technol. 27 (1993) 287-293.

DOI: 10.1007/bf00195306

[9] W. Gindl, C. Hansmann, N. Gierlinger, M. Schwanninger, B. Hinterstoisser, and G. Jeronimidis, Using a water-soluble melamine-formaldehyde resin to improve the hardness of norway spruce wood, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 93 (2004) 1900–(1907).

DOI: 10.1002/app.20653

[10] Information on https://www.scribd.com/document/367906138/SNI-01-4449-2006-Papan-serat.

[11] R. Herrera, T. Krystofiak, Jalel Labidi, Rodrigo, Llano-Ponte, Characterization of thermally modified wood at different industrial condition, Drewno. Pr. Nauk. Doniesienia Komun. 59 (2016) 150-164.

[12] D. J. Merline, S. Vukusic, and A. A. Abdala, Melamine formaldehyde: curing studies and reaction mechanism, Polym. J. 45 (2013) 413–419.

DOI: 10.1038/pj.2012.162