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Surface Roughness Control in Incoloy 800HT via Laser Engraving Parameters

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Abstract:

Although Laser engraving (LE) is increasingly adopted for precision surface texturing, the resulting surface is highly sensitive to the coupled thermal and hydrodynamic mechanisms governing laser–material interaction. In this experimental work, LE of Incoloy 800HT is systematically investigated using an L9 Taguchi design of experiments considering Laser Power (LP), Laser Scanning Speed (LSS), and Laser Pulse Frequency (LPF) as control parameters. Surface roughness is quantified using the arithmetical mean height (Ra), maximum profile height (Rz), skewness (Rsk), and the height at material ratio Rmc = 20%, enabling both amplitude-and function-oriented assessment of the engraved textures. The contribution of each parameter is evaluated through ANOVA and response ranking, and regression-based correlations are established to support predictive selection of processing conditions. The results show that LP is the dominant factor for Ra, Rz, and Rmc (20%), while LSS primarily governs Rsk, reflecting the role of scanning speed in controlling melt redistribution and peak–valley balance. High cumulative energy conditions promote thermal accumulation, melt ejection, spatter redeposition, and recast formation, leading to substantially rougher surfaces, as corroborated by topography and SEM observations.

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Periodical:

Solid State Phenomena (Volume 391)

Pages:

115-122

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-eSLz2C

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Online since:

April 2026

Authors:

Evangelos Nikolidakis, Panagiotis Karmiris-Obratański, Emmanouil Lazaros Papazoglou, Lisa Fatyga, Angelos P. Markopoulos*

Keywords:

Laser Engraving, Nickel, Surface Roughness, Taguchi DoE

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Creative Commons CC BY 4.0

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* - Corresponding Author

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