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= Initial pipe flow direction d1 = Demand or supply (1) = Peak flow in m 3/hr (2) = Night flow in m 3/hr = for Network One only 165 (EL) = Node elevation Network one = Nodes 1 - 7 Network two = Nodes 1 - 8 Source Pump Reservoir d2=100 (1) d2=0 (2) d3=100 (1) d3=0 (2) d1=420 (1) d1=300 (2) d7=200 (1) d7=0 (2) 3 2 7 6 8 3 5 d5=270 (1) d5=0 (2) 5 d4=120 (1) d4=0 (2) 4 2 1 d6=330 (1) d6=0 (2) 6 4 d8=700 (1) d8=300 (2) 7 9 1 8 (2) (1) (2) (1) (2) (1) d7=200 (1) d1=1120 (1) 210(EL) 150(EL) 160(EL) 155(EL) 150(EL) 165(EL) 160(EL) 195(EL) Table 2.
Alperovits & Shamir [4] (segmental links) Farmani et al [7] (discrete links) Ilemobade & Stephenson [3] (discrete links) Wadessy (segmental links) 267,113.00 268,000.00 262,000.00 253,443.23 The concept of an optimal solution here means the best solution found so far.

%C %Si %Mn %Cr %S.Al.
El% STD 10 15 20 25 30 35 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 holding temp.
El% STD Fig.3 TS ranges obtained Fig. 4 Coiling Temp. versus TS It is clear that coiling temperature should be less than 250°C to obtain the aimed TS for this alloy for all other applied production conditions.
The results showing that there is no strong correlation appeared between elongation % in the applied ranges of holding temperature and coiling temperatur as shown in Fig. 6 &7, therefore holding temperature can be selected below 680°C (there is a weak tendency of increasing El% with decreasing holding temperature) Fig.6 Holding temp. versus El% Fig. 7 Coiling temp. versus El% Elongation % tends to increase with lower tensile strength as shown in Fig.8 So that, the coiling temperature is preferred to be just below 250°C and the holding temperature to be just below 680°C for ~4 seconds. 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 540 560 580 600 620 640 660 TS MPa El% Fig. 8 TS. versus El% 540 560 580 600 620 640 660 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 3.8 mm 3.2 mm 2.8 mm Coiling temp.
Different combinations of these parameters were applied to find the best combination to achieve the aimed properties § According to the results, holding temperature is preferred to be below 680°C (there is a weak tendency of decreasing El% with increasing holding temperature) for ~4 seconds and the coiling temperature to be just below 250°C for better ductility

According to Sharma et al. [6] the kinetics of the esterification reaction products can be analysed using two methods; either by titration or using Gas Chromatography with a choice of detector and carrier gas.
Assumption of the model and parameters estimation According to Zang et al. [9], heterogeneous reaction can be presented with many models including LM, ER and pseudo-homogenous model.
(2) E – S + LA – S EL – S + W – S
(3) EL – S EL + S
(5) Where LA = Lactic Acid, E = Ethanol, EL = Ethyl Lactate, W = Water and S = Vacant site on catalyst surface [9].

Hysteretic Analysis Model of LRB Nonlinear Simulation for Hysteretic Curve of LRB Many experiments results indicate that load-deformation relationship of LRB is nonlinear, Wen et al [4] presented differential hysteretic resorting force model by lots of research on dynamic hysteretic characteristics of structure, For reducing designing calculation, hysteretic curve of LRB can be simplified to bilinear curve, so equivalent bilinear model of hysteretic characteristics of LRB is established.
Table1 Dimension and calculation parameters of LRB Design schemes Diameter of rubber (mm) Diameter of lead plug (mm) Height of LRB(mm) Yield load(kN) Pre-yield stiffness (kN/m) Post-yield stiffness (kN/m) 1 800 100 190 70.6 23930.1 3681.5 2 800 120 190 101.6 25474.4 3919.1 3 800 140 190 138.3 27299.5 4199.9 4 800 160 190 180.7 29405.3 4523.9 Selection of Seismic Ground Motions and Train Traveling Load In this paper, three strong earthquake records are selected in this paper , El Centro, Taft and Parkfield earthquake record are selected to calculate responses of bridge structure, length of be confined to, the paper list only the computation results of seismic ground motions of El Centro earthquake.
Dynamic time-history responses are calculated by inputing different strong motion recordings, speeds and earthquake strength, length of be confined to, the paper list only the computation results of seismic ground motions of El Centro earthquake under train load at speed of 350km/h.
Moss, Nigel Cooke, et al: The Behavior of Bearings Used for Seismic Isolation under Shear and Axial Load.

Morel, et al., Bitumen in colloid science: a chemical, structural and rheological approach.
Foley et al.
Construction and Building Materials 35 (2012) 159-170 [4] Hui Yao, Zhanping You, Liang Li et al.
El-Shafie, I.M.
Abd El Rahman, The addition effects of macro and nano clay on the performance of asphalt binder, Egyptian Journal of Petroleum (2012) 21, 149-154

Davis and Hooks with Abd El-Aleem, et al., [48,49] reported that leachate and run-off from CKD piles have pH values in the range of 12–13which is a highly alkaline leachate.
[20] Taha R., Al-Harthy A., Al-Shamsi K. and Al-Zubeidi M. 2002 Cement stabilization of reclaimed asphalt pavement aggregate for road bases and subbases.
[48] Abd El-Aleem, S., Abd-El-Aziz, M.A., Heikal, M. and El Didamony, H. 2005 Effect of cement kiln dust substitution on Chemical and physical properties and compressive Strength of portland and slag cements The Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, Vol. 30, No 2B, pp. 263-273
[51] Abd El-Fattah, W.I. and El-Didamony, H. 1981 Thermal Investigation of Electrostatic Precipitator Kiln Dust Thermochim.
[56] Al-Harthy A.S,, Taha R. and Al-Maamary F. 2003 Effect of cement kiln dust (CKD) on mortar and concrete mixtures.

El Fallah, L.
El.
El Fallah, F.
El.
El.

The screening functions of Hartree, Taylor, Ichimaru et al., Farid et al. and Sarkar et al. are also integrated for comparative study.
(I) [22], Farid et al.
(F) [23] and Sarkar et al.
References [1] F. el haj Hassan, Phys.
[2] F. el haj Hassan, H.

Some modification to its formulation were performed by Duncan et al [3-4].
Fig. 1a shows the obtained curves of axial strain el vs deviation stress (s1-s3), Fig 1b shows the curves of axial strain el vs the volume strain ev, and Fig. 1c shows the series of Mohr circles.
s 1-s 3 (kPa) e1 Fig. 1a Curves of Axial Strain e1 vs Deviation Stress stress (s1-s3) ev e1 Fig. 1b Curves of Axial Strain el vs Volume Strain ev τ (kPa) s ( kPa) Fig. 1c Mohr Circles c=22 (kPa) and f=33.8 (deg) were obtained from Mohr circles.
el/(σ1-σ3) el Fig.2 Relationship between εl/(σ1-σ3) and εl The intercept and the slope of the straight lines in Fig2 are 1/Ei and 1/(σ1-σ3)ult respectively.
This means the value of tangent modulus essentially the tangent modulus when strain is very small, say to the magnitude of 10-6 as Duncan et al mentioned[3,6,7].

HPTed Ti [4], ECAPed Armco-iron [5], low-carbon steel [6], Al [7], Cu [4,8], ARBed Al alloy. [9] Among SPD techniques, HPT process is one of the most powerful techniques to prepare ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials owing to non-homogeneous deformation with large strain and large strain gradient. [10-12] The principle of HPT-straining bases on the procedure developed by Bridgman. [13] A thin disk is placed between two anvils and subjected to torsional straining under a high pressure.
The ultimate tensile strength, UTS, and the total elongation, EL, were plotted in Fig. 8 as a function of number of turns.
It is also noteworthy that the EL increased with strain from εeq = 45 to εeq = 91 (number of turns from N = 5 to 10) and attained around 30 % in the HPT-processed specimen for N = 10, as shown in Fig. 8 (b).
The large EL and the increase in it with strain seem to be explained with the enhancement of recovery due to the larger fraction of high-angle grain boundaries [32] and the reduction of the stress concentration by the existence of grains with low dislocation density [8].
Fig. 6 Thermal stability of Hv at the region of r = 4 mm after HPT-straining for N = 5 (εeq = 121). 2) The Hv in the HPT-processed submicrocrystalline Fe attained around Hv 3.6 GPa. 3) The UTS and the EL of the HPT-processed Fe for N = 5 and 10 were 1.9 GPa, 20 % and 1.9 GPa, 30 %, respectively.