Search results

X-ray diffraction analysis was performed in order to observe and highlight the structural changes depending on the number of hours applied to each treatment compared with the phases that were highlighted on the untreated samples.
Both phases are placed in the nanodimensional area of crystalline grains.
Grain mean diameter and percentage depending on thermal treatment duration Thermal treatment, hours 0 5 10 15 Cubic phase grains diameter, nm 86 55 55 64 Monoclinic phase grains diameter, nm 62 45 41 42 Cubic phase grains percentage, % 92,6 95,27 94,95 95 Monoclinic phase grains percentage, % 7,1 4,73 5,05 5 The mean diameter had a significant decreasing of value, to 55 nm.
The ceramic layer shows a structure formed of elongated grains.
Both phases are placed in the nanodimensional area of the crystalline grains.

Test data of air pollution condition in Anjialing coal preparation plant Serial number Test site Coal dust concentration Respiratory coal dust concentration Homework space environment conditions 1 202 machine tail 143 9.3 Strong wind，Doors and Windows open，drying on ground 2 202 machine tail 772 32 Strong wind，Doors and Windows open，drying on ground 3 102 machine tail 52 4.6 Non producing 4 103, 203 machine tail 304 26 Doors and Windows open，drying Particles motion equation model In simulation process, particle movement model equation in the Euler coordinate system for continuous of fluid phase, in Lagrange coordinate system whit a single particles as phase, after to statistical analysis with all particles track then get the motion law of the equation of whole grain group.
In order to eliminate the other factors influence, content by the simple hypothesis conditions of theoretical calculation, select simulate belt center dust grain movement for simulation[5].
Particle movement numerical simulation At the coal belt of the machine tail roller for rotating clockwise, these are setting up the number of N different particles diameter that nitial velocity is 4 m/s dust particles at the belt machine tail lower side, dust particles make rotate clockwise action with the belt under the adhesion strength.
Graph 1 and Graph 2 is the movement of dust particles grain particle trajectories respectively on 10s and 95s.
Fig.3 Dust concentration diffusion(5s) Fig.4 Dust concentration diffusion(23s) Conclusion This paper through with dust concentration test, fallout weight dispersion test, floating dust number dispersion test in each machine tail department of An Jia Ling coal preparation plant of the branch company of Ping Shuo, which conclusion that the relation data.

However, the widespread industrial use of Superplastic (SP) alloys is hindered by a number of issues including low production rate and limited predictive capabilities of stability during deformation and failure.
The effect of strain hardening is embedded into this model as the effect of grain coarsening as predicted by the grain growth kinetics.
The grain growth model used in the present work is the one proposed by Hamilton [9], which suggests that the total grain growth kinetics (d& ) results from static grain growth rate ( sd& ) and the deformation enhanced grain growth rate ( dd& ).
Clark and Alden [16] proposed a model for the deformation enhanced grain growth kinetics, which assumes that the grain boundary mobility is increased due to an increase in the grain boundary vacancy concentration resulting from grain boundary sliding.
It can be seen that the effect of grain size is more pronounced during the early stages of deformation and as expected smaller grain size yields more ductility.

It was found that the strength heterogeneity between crystal grains with different phases could affect ductile cracking behavior through difference in stress/strain localization behaviors.
All crystalline nuclei were assumed to appear at the same instant of time, and were distributed in a space of volume V (50µm x 50µm x 50µm) by random numbers (a).
The polycrystal, that is Voronoi polyhedra, were computationally constructed as follows; for each nucleus, grain growth occurs at the 50 µm 50 µm 50 µm Ferrite (a) Crystalline nucleus (b) Voronoi polyhedra (c) 3D two-phase polycrystalline model (d) 3D two-phase polycrystalline FE-model Pearlite Number : 125 Fig. 4 Meso-scale FE-model for analyzing stress/strain localization behaviors due to heterogeneous microstructure.
Two-phase polycrystalline FE-model, which was surrounded by homogeneous steel model to reduce edge effects of the model, has totally 125 grains and volume fraction of hard Pearlite phase of about 50%.
Average grain size is about 10µm and element size 1µm that correspond to micro-voids size.

Compared with the AA treated sample, the number of T1 phases increased and became more uniform and dense after PA treatment.
However, compared with PA, the T1 number density is further increased, and the small size T1 phase is increased, as shown in Fig. 4(f).
Fig. 5(b) shows the average diameter size and precipitation number density of the T1 phase under three aging systems.
Fig. 6 shows a TEM photograph of grain boundary morphology under three ageing regimes.
In the tensile test, the grain boundary microcracks and micropores will expand and coarsen along the precipitation-free precipitation zone under stress, which will reduce the grain boundary bonding force and induce the material to break along the crystal.

With increase of annealing temperature from 400 to 550ºC, the evolution of grain size and the morphologies of ATO films were analyzed by means of atom force microscopy (AFM).
For obtaining higher thickness films, the sequence of dipping, drying and then dipping again was performed for a number of times.
The thickness of the films increases almost linearly with respect to number of dipping.
They revealed that all the deposited films were polycrystalline and retained the rutile structure, despite of some rhombic SnO crystals which resulted from antimony substituting the sites of tin in the tetragonal lattice or antimony segregating into the non-crystalline region in grain boundary.
The higher the annealing temperature was, the better the grains grew, and the crystallinity of the deposited ATO films improved.

The grains averaged 10 µm in diameter.
The lighter bands consist of 5- 10 たm g grains surrounded by grain boundary く.
Numbers next to figures (e.g. 8X) are the intensities of the highest peaks in times random units.
The textures of the deformed, unrecrystallized grains do not display a clear trend beyond a relationship with those of the zone of equiaxed grains.
The textures of the deformed, recrystallized grains match those of the grains in the weld line.

Table 2: Parameters used for interface state charge QIT definition in the 3D-simulation; the values were collected from a number of sources [1-16].
The fixed charge is kept at a low number value of 3.0 x 1010 cm-2 which means it has little effect on the simulation.
Devedit can model polycrystalline materials, but this requires information on grain size and recombination parameters at grain boundaries.
Qing, “Simulation of grain boundary effect on characteristics of ZnO thin film transistor by considering the location and orientation of grain boundary,” Chinese Phys.
Takagi, “Modeling of grain boundary barrier modulation in ZnO invisible thin film transistors,” Phys.

The most important part in a Monte-Carlo simulation model is the pseudo random number generator (PRNG).
The simulation requires high quality pseudo random numbers in a short time.
By specifying a seed to the algorithm, the researchers can get a pseudo random number sequence with uniform distribution in [0, 1].
A SRM design uses fin-slot grain as Fig.2 shows.
Fig. 2 Surface of the grain Fig. 3 Standard Pc-t curve Six uncertain parameters are chosen to conduct the Monte-Carlo simulation.

The average austenite grain size was determined manually by linear measurements using programs with built-in methods adapted in accordance with GOST 8233 and GOST 5639.
It is known [18-19] that the grain size of steel has a significant effect on the mechanical properties and hardness — steels with a coarser grain are more prone to the formation of heat-treatment cracks, while the different grain sizes reduce the structural strength.
Typical microstructure of specimens after quenching in water depending on the heating temperature: 950 °C (a), 1100 °C (b), x 1000 Study of the prior austenite grain after quenching at the temperature range from 850 °C to 1100 °C showed that the average austenite grain size remains approximately equal to 18 μm up to the heating temperature of quenching — 950 °C (see Figure 2 and Table 1).
The actual steel grain size depending on heating temperature during quenching: 850 (a), 950 (b), 1050 (c), 1100 (d), x 500 However, the heating temperature increase over 1000 °C leads to a sharp increase in the average grain size (size of martensite needles) — over 30 µm (Figure 1, Figure 2, Table 1).
Quenching temperature, [°C] Structure Average austenite grain size, [μm] Grain number Hardness HV1 Impact strength KCV-60, [J/cm2] 1 850 Martensite + retained austenite 16.03 9 442 39.3 2 900 17.53 9 429 37.5 3 950 18.30 9 431 35.0 4 1000 24.73 8 428 32.3 5 1050 35.53 7 430 29.7 6 1100 60.75 5 433 21.3 An increase in the austenitization temperature above 950 °C was revealed to causes a decrease in the impact toughness of steel (Fig. 3).