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This is often done based on the available computer-aided design data and results in a high geometric resolution.
The model structure is initially build and parameterized based on machine design data, component data sheets and literature based information.
The experiments are reproduced in a simulation using the load data as the model input.
These data are the outcome of the equations for the parameter settings, which already include the information of many partial parameters.
Due to the limited operational conditions, the data for the adjustment can be obtained by means of a relatively simple load case.

In the cold rolling stage, the inherited texture intensities increase with increasing the total reduction.
An adequate cold reduction is necessary to increase the dislocation density and the number of favorable recrystallization nucleation sites for the gamma-fiber.
The sheet was cold rolled to the final thickness of 1.0 mm by an 80% (0.59 true strain) thickness reduction.
EBSD data was analyzed with an HKL Channel5 software (Oxford Instruments, version 5.12.56.0) and EBSD scans were corrected prior measuring.
Stumpf, Effect of cold reduction and annealing temperature on texture evolution of AISI 441 ferritic stainless steel, J.

S is shearing variability (1/s), F is the shearing strength (N/m2), T is the percent of torque moment that is the data displayed on the digital display panel of the viscometer or displayed on the computer, being the percent of entire range of the viscometer.
The G*-δ of KeLaMaYi modified asphalt is similar to that of base asphalt and along with reduction of G* under different aging state, δ will be gradually increased, shown as fig. 9.
Along with reduction of G* and under different aging state, the δ of modified asphalt is not that increasing all the while, shown as fig. 7 and 8.
For original sample the δ will be firstly increased with reduction followed along with reduction of G*. it means that in original modified asphalt the resilience of asphalt will be firstly reduced with increasing followed, G* to be reduced, indicating that when the asphalt material is subjected to repeating shearing, the resistance to total deformation will be reduced.
Under the joint dominating of the two, the modified asphalt will be finally materialized as the reduction of δ, with increase of resilience, causing the Phase angle in fig. 7 and 8 to have the inflection point occurred.

Fig. 3 shows rupture elongation and reduction of area of the water-quenched steels ruptured at 923 K and the various stress conditions as a function of time to rupture.
It was found that the addition of nickel improved the elongation and slightly improved the reduction of area.
Creep rate vs. time curves of the furnace- cooled base steel and the water-quenched steels with the various nickel contents at 140MPa and 923K. 0 20 40 60 80 100 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 Rupture elongation / reduction of area (%) Time to rupture / h EL RA base 0.4Ni � ��� 0.8Ni��� ��� 1.2Ni��� ��� 1.6Ni��� �� 2.0Ni��
��� 923K Elongation Reduction of area Water quenching Fig.3.
Rupture elongation and reduction of area of the water-quenched steels ruptured at 923K and the various stress conditions as a function of time to rupture .
[12] Data Package for NF616 Ferritic Steel (9Cr-0.5Mo-1.8W-Nb-V), Second Edition (Nippon Steel Corporation, Tokyo, 1994)

The simple equation has been validated by the experiment data published in the related literature.
By the experimental data of Kazim [4] and a plot of variation of HR with Cw is shown in Fig.1.
In order to test the feasibility of equation (17), 68 sets of data from references[4]，[8]，[15] and [16] are extracted.
The correlations are generally based on a small number of test data, and the range of parameters considered is relatively narrow.
In addition to the developed correlation, seven other correlations in the literature have been verified by a large number of experimental data.

DLM builds on the new data integration, data visualization, data acquisition, and data processing abilities to make distinct descriptive, prescriptive, and predictive analytics applications to detect, prevent, and predict any type of waste within the manufacturing or production line, as presented in Fig. 6 [21][45-46].
Big Data Analytics.
Big data analytics as a digital lean tool will assist the AM industry in analyzing data related to customer demand, inventory (such as materials), and supply chain management.
Smart Manufacturing must Embrace Big Data.
Mathews, How Big Data is Being Used to Reduce Waste. (2021).

Then, the soil specimens are labeled with the important data and transported to the soil mechanics laboratory to conduct tests.
Also, this decrease can be attributed to the reduction of void ratio which causes decreasing the permeability and increasing the time required for consolidation.
The percentage of reduction in the cohesion of soil is larger than a reduction in angle of internal friction of soil because the tested soil specimens are considered cohesive soil and sensitive for change in cohesion rather than friction.
The cohesion value is decreased in contaminated soil and this reduction increases with increasing the content of kerosene in the soil.
· The rate of reduction of initial porewater pressure with time measured during CDT test decreases with increasing the content of kerosene in soil due to the reduction of the permeability of the soil.

Key energy-using companies of the first quarter of each year submit the annual energy-using condition on a report submitted by the system, the data cached in the database, the uploading data displayed on the charge of the management accounts department supervisors, inspectors examine the data , labeled on the data items with errors, review and submit comments back to the reporting companies, and then correct the errors and resubmit to the system, and the data confirmed by the inspectors, then stored into the database.
Logically from the presentation layer, business layer and data layer composed of three levels.
Data services layer contains various data sources, because of the isolation of data access sub-layer, so the business logic part of the system does not depend directly on the data source [6,7].
Data access layer is opened, and the system currently uses Microsoft SQL server as the primary data storage, for Oracle, DB2 and other heterogeneous data sources can be expanded when it is needed in the future.
Energy-saving information management system uses centralized application architecture to ensure that basic data and important data are uniform, so that it can be achieved the greatest degree of data sharing.

In this study, EEG data were recorded to analyze mental workload and EMG data to analyze physical workload when a worker was tasks in the production line.
In the present study, we measured EEG data and EMG data by means of Biofeedback instrument.
The video camera recorded data simultaneously.
Data collection and processing.
Guided by the EEG data and EMG data, we found the inadequacy of the design of original equipment and process, and we further improved the design.

Table 1 gives universal life rubbish in the production of and the corresponding garbage disposal costs statistics from 1999 to 2010 , statistical data from that of urban living garbage as hard in Nanchong the acceleration of urbanization development and increasing.
Second, every 6.8 yuan / month standard charge residents garbage at lower cost, have operation according to the feasibility of predictive regression model result, PLS in Nanchong city life rubbish will continue to increase, universal is now establishing national environmental health city, must increase the garbage reduction and reuse the pace of the management system of garbage charge in Nanchong city in the establishment of regional for other cities waste management has a certain pilot demonstration city garbage charge system for urban domestic waste treatment market into the industrialization of financial support and policy guarantee two is to perfect the charge standard and system will make city life waste treatment to harmless reduction resources, so as to promote urban domestic waste treatment virtuous circle.
Research on processing mode to amount of rubbish and reduction in Beijing[J].Urban managerial technology, (3):56-58,2009