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Moreover, the properties of large deformation resistance and poor ductility make the necking easy to occur and lead to tool damage during the titanium tube forming.
Material properties of TC4 see reference Literature [7-9].
As shown in Fig.6, when only the pressure die transfers heat to Ti-tube, afterheat affects the tube non-deformation zone; the effects of the mandrel transfer heat is similar to the situation of the pressure die and mandrel transfer heat together, afterheat affects the tube non-deformation zone little, and heating efficiency is high.
Table 1 Ф50×1×R75mm bending tool parameters Tool Groove dimensions (mm) Length dimensions (mm) Note (mm) Bend die 50 150（straight segment） bending radius 75 Clamp die 50 150 Pressure die 50 250 Wiper 50 128 Mandrel 47.6 202 mandrel extension length 6.5 Balls 47.6 18 (thickness) number 3 Take all factors including wall thinning, wall thickening, wrinkling, cross-sectional distortion multiple indices into consideration, the simulation results shows that, the reasonable bending velocity is 0.4rad/s, the matched pressure die velocity is 80%-110%.
Titanium material will appear complex changes of mechanical properties and other series of adverse effects.

Simulation and actual operation results show that using the optimization algorithm has properties of no overshoot, quick response, good robust and the algorithm is simple.
So the PID controller parameter’s optimization becomes a public issue and it directly affects the control effect, also it has a close relationship between system security and the economy operating.
Crossover rate and mutation rate are two important parameters of genetic algorithm and its value’s selection largely affected the optimization algorithm performance.
The crossover probability and mutation probability of selection on genetic algorithm parameters is key factors that impact on the genetic algorithm behavior and performance, which directly affect the convergence of the algorithm.
The adaptive genetic algorithms maintain population’s diversity, at the same time ensuring the convergence of genetic algorithms. 2.4 The Parameter Optimization of the Adaptive Genetic Algorithms based on PID Control Whether the electric furnace PID controller’s performance is good or bad, its key factors is the selection of parameters，，.

Thermal deformation of the guideway can cause changes on straightness of moving parts，the guideway surface angle offset and linear positioning error, which will alter relative position relation of the tool nose and the workpiece, thus affecting machining precision of the workpiece.
Therefore, not only is hermal deformation of machine tool guideway an important basic theoretic issue in mechanical engineering field, but also studying its influencing factors and thermal deformation situation is requirement of practical engineering.
In the paper, a certain large-type CNC lathe sliding guideway (prismatic and plane type) is analysed on thermal deformation by finite element analysis software, and the main influencing factors of thermal characteristics are obtained.
The guideway material is HT300, whose material property parameters are listed in Table. 1.
Y direction thermal deformation curve of guideway along path c Main factors influencing the guideway thermal deformation.

Its properties are rigid and flexible due to its thermoplastic and elastomeric segments.
The addition of micrometric EVA demonstrated a better waterproofness and has a lesser effect on the mortar's mechanical properties than the millimetric EVA.
Thermal Properties.
Thermal Properties.
The decrease in mechanical properties is caused by the characteristics of EVA, a soft and malleable material, so it is weaker than the conventional aggregates and thus promotes damage propagation.

Samples were collected in accordance with a predetermined methodology in order to eliminate the influence of such factors as, for example, time elapsed since the last meal.
Saliva is one of the key factors which influence the homeostasis of the oral cavity.
Additionally, some physico-chemical properties of unstimulated mixed saliva were examined.
In order to increase the accuracy of the study and the quality of the results, the saliva was taken in accordance to instructions developed by the authors - in previous experiments the following factors had been found to affect saliva viscosity values: sampling time, the delay between taking the sample and the analysis, the amount and type of the taken saliva, the condition of the oral cavity.
Brookfield viscosimeter was used to investigate the rheological properties.

The author drew on the bored pile end after grouting pile subsidence influence factor and the main reasons as well as some useful conclusions.
As a result of pile bottom grouting, so in the bottom of the pile to form a larger size large, In this way, can use the expanding head D into the above formula, replacing d. 2）The settlement of single pile in one pile soil coupling problem, But the single pile settlement also includes pile compression, these are shallow foundation settlement analysis need not consider. 3）Single pile settlement mechanism and affecting factors of complex than shallow foundation, Therefore, in the application of stratified summation method for settlement analysis to the concrete analysis of concrete problems.
For grouting pile body, On one hand, the grout injected into lateral climbs along pile, This can be the pile and the soil around the pile are combined into a whole, increases the frictional resistance, On the other hand, is injected into the slurry can be extruded into the pile bottom sediment in, This improved the pile of mechanical properties of soil, increase the pile end soil modulus, is actually solve the problem of pile bottom sediment, At the same time, because the grouting pressure is relatively large, Injection grout can be pressed into the soil around the pile bottom, formed with an enlarged head, By Formula1 knowable, pile end diameter D and pile bottom is proportional to the area of, When D diameter increases, pile bottom area is also increased, While formula 3in additional stress of pile bottom and pile bottom area is inversely proportional to, When the pile bottom area A increases, reduce the additional stress of pile bottom, Then the calculated settlement will be reduced,
Material parameter The pile for isotropic elastic hypothesis, and soil constitutive model using Drucker-Prager model, CPL evaporation materials of the mechanical parameters as shown in the pile model design parameter table1, some parameters of analysis, the value is changing.
In conclusion, pile end grouting on pile settlement in civil engineering is very effective method, Slurry bubble size and bubble of plasma modulus and other factors on the pile settlement pile settlement decisive factors had been analyzed in civil engineering,which will be very useful for civil engineering.

It is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic that has good mechanical properties that are constantly improved by the development of new manufacturing processes.
The first assessment of the mechanical properties of a weld bead is to determine the hardness profile across the width of the weld.
The quality of the polymer and the temperature of the material generated with FSW process parameters affect the joint and weld properties because the rheology of polyethylene will be affected.
Common welding processes reduce most of the mechanical properties of the material to be welded.
It is difficult to obtain weld properties that exactly match those of the base material.

On the other hand, AlN ceramics, which are non- toxic, have several merits, such as good electrical insulation properties, high mechanical strength, and moderate dielectric constant and dielectric loss.
Owing to the relationship between electron energy and wave vector, CNTs can display metallic or semiconductor properties, depending on their structure and diameter [5-7].
Thermal conductivity of the composites was measured on a material physical properties analyzer (PPMS-9, Quantum design, United States), at a temperature of 297K.
Fig. 1 SEM image showing the typical microstructure of CNTs Results and discussion For the CNTs composite ceramic material, there are two key factors that will determine the properties: one is that CNTs are evenly distributed in the ceramic, and the other is that CNTs can survive in the organization.
Factors that affect the thermal conductivity include AlN crystal internal defects, grain boundary state, the second phase distribution along the grain boundary, and porosity, etc.

Many of the previous studies on cutting properties have compared various steels with a same heat treatment, and there are almost no studies that focus on the differences in heat treatments of a same material.
The variation is generally influenced by a combination of some factors, including individual differences of cutting tools and workpieces, and also differences in heat treatment of workpieces.
Many of the previous studies on cutting properties have compared various steels with a same heat treatment, and there are almost no studies that focus on the differences in heat treatments of a same material [1, 2, 3].
Mechanical structural carbon steel like C55 is widely used for mechanical parts and structures, and usually heat treated to control the microstructure of workpieces and improve its mechanical properties.
Experimental Methods and Workpiece Properties Experimental methods.

Then the shielding factor of 732 in Z-component was achieved.
However, it shows properties similar to those of a ferromagnetic material after martensitic transformation by history during its fabrication.
Conversion factor of Volt to Tesla is 1.2 nT/V.
The signal was not affected by either electromagnetic radiation of a mobile phone or motion of a bulky steel cart near the system.
On the contrary, for stainless steel balls (open circle), which are nominally austenitic stainless signals deviate from expected value because their magnetism depends on the martensitic phase content which is affected by the mechanical history of the balls.