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Φ11mm Punch Base steel Al layer Interface Al layer Base steel 1mm Load 62.5mm 65mm Al layer Base steel Tensile test Tension shear test Compression shear test ND RD ND RD RD ND Φ13mm Fig.1 Schematic diagram of tensile, tension shear and compression shear specimen The tests were performed using a tensile testing machine (CMT7540) at a constant crosshead speed of 5mm/min, and force and displacement data was recorded to calculate the bond strength of the Al clad steel strips.
(a) Curves from different tests (reduction: 40%); (b) Curves from different reductions Fig.2 Strength-displacement curves under three tests and/or different reduction Discussions Fracture morphology by three methods.After being broken, the fracture morphology of clad materials at different tests with the same reduction of 40% has been shown in Fig.3.
It is noted that residual Al could be found in almost all samples with reduction from 25-40%, which represents a fact that a bonding has been obtained at that reduction.
Fig.4 Bond strength-reduction curves obtained by different tests From the experimental data given in Fig.4, the results show that strength by tensile test is the highest and it is the lowest obtained by tension shear test.
Summary (1) Bond strength significantly increases at reduction less than 40%, but it slightly changes when deformation increases from 40% to 60% in reduction

After a preliminary data processing, the data of 118 days outperform other days and are defined as the valid data.
Yu and Yang [6] proposed a linear dimensionality reduction (LDA) method to achieve dimensionality reduction using the original high-dimensional face data set, and then successfully identified clustering and different sets of faces.
Dimensionality reduction is conducted on the high-dimensional data, while clustering methods are applied afterwards.
Data Description The Smart Card (SC) data used in this study come from Shenzhen, China.
The low-dimensional data are more feasible in data analysis and pattern recognition.

Just like the technology list classification group derived at previous analysis on domestic policy, demonstration and research data, the environment-friendly, low-energy construction technology group recommended by domestic and international environment-friendly building certification systems was also divided into new & renewable energy, reduction of envelope load, high-performance facilities, high-efficiency lighting and building energy management.
If the conventional assessment methodology is applied as it is, in other words, the scope of data collection aimed to assess environmental load by environment-friendly, low-energy product group differs individually.
Because a life cycle which determines the scope of data collection and effects of load reduction by applying environment-friendly, low-energy technology varies, the amount of environmental load reduced cannot be quantitatively stated.
To solve this kind of problem, this study proposes limiting the data collection and LCA during the building usage stage only.
Building GHG Reduction Technology The environment-friendly, low-energy construction technology which is being applied to current domestic systems, design criteria, research data and demonstration houses is divided into new & renewable energy, high-performance envelope, high-efficiency facilities and operation & maintenance, and detailed technologies in each section are summarized.

The point cloud data should be preprocessed with noise rejection, multi-view stitching and data reduction by Geomagic Studio software.
After that, the model surface data should be converted into Solidworks parts.
Data measurement A three-dimensional 3D human model point cloud data can be gotten by using point cloud data acquisition software for measurement work and parsing the collected two-dimensional images.
Interpolation refers to a given set of data points which are known, and then construct a curve connecting the data points in order.
Data.

Assessing the energy saving of natural ventilation is difficult, especially for large scale naturally ventilated buildings, due to the lack of deterministic data and method.
However, there is not still deterministic data and method about the energy saving effect of natural ventilation in residential building.
The wind speed and direction data in ESTPNV in TMY [5] were obtained for the ventilation environment simulation of rooms with the PHOENICS software.
Rate of Cooling Loads Reduction.
The meteorological data for thermal environment analysis in China.

So speckle reduction is an important pre-processing step in the ultrasound image feature extraction and analysis.
Various methods have been employed in the literature for the speckle reduction.
Transform the multiplicative noise model into an additive model by taking the logarithm of the original specked data. 2).
As the chart shows, our algorithm is better than the other method in noise reduction and detail preservation.
Saxena, Wavelet-based statistical approach for speckle reduction in medical ultrasound images, Med.

Firstly, the amount of water supplied calculation standard in office building in Korea is below: · Office buildings : 100~200 liter water usage per people per day, 0.2 occupancy in unit area(㎡), 55~57% ratios of validity area per gross area Differently, the amount of actual input water usage in office buildings in Korea is below: Table 1 Literature study of actual water usage data Researcher, year actual data source Water usage in office buildings J.
Bae, 2002 336 data from 10 regions in Korea 8.0 L/㎡·d Y.
In terms of the amount of sewage produced, actual sewage wastes data have been analyzed through literature references just like the water supply amount.
The sewage amount(8.9 L/㎡·d) is almost 80% of the actual water usage amount(11.01 L/㎡·d). [5,6,7] Table 2 Literature study of actual sewage wastes data Researcher, year actual data source Water usage in office buildings Y.
Bae, 2002 336 data from 10 regions in Korea 6.9 L/㎡·d Y.

Effects of Mechanical Activation during the Synthesis of Tungsten Carbide Powders by Carbothermic Reduction of Tungsten Oxide J.
The as-milled powder underwent a rapid reduction reaction at about 150°C lower than the un-milled powder.
The reduction sequence to WC was illustrated to differ for the two powders.
The as-milled powder underwent a rapid reduction reaction at 150°C lower than un-milled one.
Phase identification was done using MDI Jade 5.0 software (Materials Data Inc., United States).

Approach Lactate was assumed to be the dominant limiting substrate and the steady-state experimental data were used to determine the kinetic constants.
The steady-state data were analysed using the Chen and Hashimoto (Eq. 3), Contois (Eq. 4) and Monod (Eq. 5) kinetic expressions to determine the kinetic constants
Data from the experiment using 1.0 g l-1 feed sulphate were used to describe lactate utilisation under conditions where the biological sulphate reduction reaction and concomitant lactate oxidation reaction were dominant, in accordance with the stoichiometric analysis presented by Oyekola et al
Using these data, the relative growth rates of lactate oxidation and lactate fermentation were compared as a function of operating conditions.
Experimental data studying BSR kinetics on varying feed sulphate concentration in chemostat STRs, shown in Fig. 3, agree well with the simulation presented.

ϕ2 = 45˚ ODF sections obtained by XRD for cold rolled and annealed sheet, (a) 66% cold rolling reduction, (b) 76% cold rolling reduction, (c) 86% cold rolling reduction.
Conventional rm (a) and ∆r (b) as a function of cold reduction ratio. 66 71 76 81 86 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 rm Cold reduction ratio (%) HACA HCA (a) 66 71 76 81 86 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 ∆∆∆∆r Cold reduction ratio (%) HACA HCA (b) Fig. 4.
Modified rm (a) and ∆r (b) as a function of cold reduction ratio.
But in case of HCA, the modified ∆r became higher after 76% cold rolling reduction.
Comparison of the experimental r-value data and the calculated values of r for the {554}<225> texture component.