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Abstract The process of implementing a damage identification strategy for aerospace, civil and mechanical engineering infrastructure is referred to as structural health monitoring.
The process of implementing a damage identification strategy for civil and mechanical engineering infrastructure is referred to as structural health monitoring.
The American federal emergency management agency carried out a range of research in welded steel frame structure in Lomaprieta earthquake in 1989, in Northridge earthquake in 1994 and Hyogo-kenNanbu earthquake in 1995, they released the report of the buildings safety and earthquake resistances. 3.The projects and contents of steel structures monitoring 1) material performance It needs test the current situation of steel material performance, including [5]: (a) the mechanical properties of steel structures material;(b) the chemical composition of steel structures material;(c)the metallographic of steel structures material;(d) the physical properties of steel structures material; (e) the surface quality of steel structures material;(f) the welding materials of steel structures; (g) the protective materials of steel structures. 2) the corrosion parts of steel structures (a) the near site underground; (b) the site might be watered;(c) the site lies in wet and dry seasons environment
(4)Genetic algorithm Genetic algorithm can quickly decide the location and degree of structural damage under few information, even if the parts of modal information lose, the optimal capacity can’t be affected.
At the same time, the testing and monitoring of steel structures are important decision of disaster prevention and alleviation in China, it can define insufficient bearing capacity or unsafe structures from the source, we can strengthen them as soon as possible, so it can reduce the damage of human factors and nature, and minimize people's life and property loss and safeguard social stability.

In terms of quality product it is considered any deviation (of dimensions, shape compactness, weight, appearance, macro and microstructure, mechanical parameters and other variables) from properties prescribed by technical standards, specifications or agreed conditions.
Fig. 12 SeparatedparticlesAl2O3 Fig. 13Grouping of particles Al2O3 The effect of particles Al2O3to reduce the mechanical properties is greater than the effect of bubbles.
The oxidation can also occur by using the moist, imperfectly dried molds when there is the emergence of oxygen capable of the metal oxidizing.During mere casting it should be proceeded to avoid the large metal turbulence and its secondary oxidation.[3, 5] Chemical Composition Defects, Incorrect Physical or Mechanical Properties Incorrect chemical composition, properties deviations, non-observance of mechanical values from the agreed specifications or standards.
These factors represent a set of mutual ties that are interacting.
References [1] Gašpár, Š. - Paško, J.: Influence of technological factors of die casting on mechanical properties of castings from silumin, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, Vol. 240, 2013, p. 713-722 [2] Gašpár, Š. - Paško, J.: Metal flow velocity in an intake port in the process of die casting, Advanced Materials research, Vol. 705, 2013, p. 177-180 [3] Paško, J. - Gašpár, Š.

As an example of achieving sufficiently high physical and technical properties of composite materials one can refer to powder-activated concretes [9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14].
This structure can appear in case of certain spatial difficulties and other factors that affect the crystallization.
The disintegration of solid solutions being a phase transformation, is one of the most effective ways to influence the structure and properties of cement stone.
The resulting superstructure has significantly different properties than a solid solution with a statistically ordered structure.
Tuvin, Structure, composition and properties of geopolymers from mineral wool wast, Journal of Civil Engineering. 90(6) (2019) 3-14

In industrial manufacturing, punching and/or stamping is the most common process for cutting electrical steel; however, these processes still affect the deterioration of the magnetic properties of ESs and the high cost of the cutting tools.
Additionally, many research emphasized the detrimental impact of HAZ on magnetic properties by laser cutting of ESs [5, 6, 7].
Minimization of the HAZ along the cut edge should be required in the laser cutting for maintaining the magnetic properties.
Initially, the HAZ was one of the most influential factors affecting the magnetic properties of the electrical steel sheets [14].
Houbaert, Effect of laser cutting on microstructure and on magnetic properties of grain non-oriented electrical steels.

However, one of the main factors of OMI failures is the implant insertion procedure in which the clinician find it difficult to obtain the best angle to insert the OMI.
All these factors should be considered by orthodontists to avoid the risk of complications during and after the treatment [2].
Thus, there are several factors from mechanical and biological point of view that affect the clinical performance of orthodontic mini-implant such as the dimension and design of implant, the thickness of cortical bone and the insertion angle of implant placement.
The material properties of the models were assumed to be homogeneous, isotropic and linearly elastic based on the previous studies [15, 16, 17].
The contact properties between the implant and bones were defined with a friction coefficient of 0.3.

On the other hand, AlN ceramics, which are non- toxic, have several merits, such as good electrical insulation properties, high mechanical strength, and moderate dielectric constant and dielectric loss.
Owing to the relationship between electron energy and wave vector, CNTs can display metallic or semiconductor properties, depending on their structure and diameter [5-7].
Thermal conductivity of the composites was measured on a material physical properties analyzer (PPMS-9, Quantum design, United States), at a temperature of 297K.
Fig. 1 SEM image showing the typical microstructure of CNTs Results and discussion For the CNTs composite ceramic material, there are two key factors that will determine the properties: one is that CNTs are evenly distributed in the ceramic, and the other is that CNTs can survive in the organization.
Factors that affect the thermal conductivity include AlN crystal internal defects, grain boundary state, the second phase distribution along the grain boundary, and porosity, etc.

Results show that strain rate has some effect on the mechanical properties and deformation stability of the alloys.
It is well known that the deformation properties and mechanical behavior of Al-Mg alloys are sensitive to strain rate [1].
Therefore it would be expected that strain rate together with variations in mechanical properties of these alloys would change their failure mechanism.
These results indicate that strain rate has a considerable effect on mechanical properties of these alloys.
It is reported that localization happens due to interaction between different factors such as material hardening or softening, geometry and loading situation [4, 15].

Results and Discussion Influence of WC concentration on friction and wear properties.
There are many factors affecting the wear resistance of Co-WC composite coatings, such as the grain size of the matrix metal, the content and distribution of the WC particles, etc.
Wojciechowski, Influence of Cu coating of SiC particles on mechanical properties of Ni/SiC co-electrodeposited composites, Ceram.
Chen, Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of in-situ bimodal TiC-Fe coatings prepared by reactive plasma spraying, Ceram.
Xu, Microstructure, friction, and wear properties of Ni-Al2O3-MoS2 composite coatings, Int.

It is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic that has good mechanical properties that are constantly improved by the development of new manufacturing processes.
The first assessment of the mechanical properties of a weld bead is to determine the hardness profile across the width of the weld.
The quality of the polymer and the temperature of the material generated with FSW process parameters affect the joint and weld properties because the rheology of polyethylene will be affected.
Common welding processes reduce most of the mechanical properties of the material to be welded.
It is difficult to obtain weld properties that exactly match those of the base material.

In model designing, a series of factors should be considered, including the basal mechanical properties, strength and geometry of the boundary, backstop, deformation material and pre-existing construct, etc.
The basic issue among these factors is related to the selection of the deformation material, especially the granular materials (such as microspheres).
The cohesion of granular materials used to simulate the brittle deformation significantly affects the physical modeling.
This simple setting can reduce the impact of substrate mechanical properties for the modeling results, and prominent the role of granular material properties.
Conclusions The roundness of granule significantly affect the countour of fold-thrust fold, distribution of strain and deformation range of the modeling.