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The required temper and mechanical properties of a product have to be made in the final pass of cold-rolling or annealing process [2].
But, starting properties of hot-coil before cold-rolling are determined in hot-rolling process.
Therefore, it is need to be understand the effects of Mg and Mn content on hot-rolling condition and the relationship between the condition and final microstructure and mechanical properties.
Grain structure is another important factor affecting thermomechanical behavior in rolling, extrusion, forging processes, etc.
The mechanical properties in hot-rolled temper (F) is generally similar to the annealed properties because of elimination of dislocation pile-up.

In order to find out possible causes for the damage, relevant mechanical properties of the roll have been determined and thermally and mechanically induced stresses were assessed by numerical simulation.
Figure 1: Large fragment chip-off on a roll Figure 2: Elliptic crack in the calibre of the roll Figure 3: Cross section of a roll with in-depth propagated cracks Material Properties In order to perform numerical calculations of the thermal-mechanical stresses, relevant material properties of Si3N4 had to be determined.
Values for other material properties needed for calculation have been taken from suppliers' data sheets [8,9].
First considerations and estimates of stress intensity factors KI indicate that mechanically induced stresses occurring during the rolling of superalloys can lead to catastrophic failure after only a few tonnes of wire.
Fett: Ceramics : Mechanical Properties, Failure Behaviour, Materials Selection, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1998 [18] M.

Property of the plastic packing ring was decided compared with the experiment result changing property, since it has always been changed with the processing method in which a packing ring carries out property.
Properties of the rupture disk appear in Table 1.
The level of each factor at levels 3 and 4 were used for DOE.
Fig. 4 Stress distribution and changing strain Mean of press 0.5 0.3 0.1 18 16 14 12 10 9.0 8.5 8.0 9.50 7.25 5.00 18 16 14 12 10 Fillet Ring Path Main Effects Plot (data means) for press Mean of pressure 0.50 0.40 0.25 0.10 30.0 27.5 25.0 22.5 20.0 17.5 15.0 9.5 8.0 6.5 5.0 Fillet Path Main Effects Plot (data means) for pressure Fig. 5 Main effect and interaction plot in 3 factors and 2 factors Figure 5 demonstrates the main effect of the design variables.
[2] Fratini, L., Ambrogio, G., Lorenzo, R.Di, Filice, L., Micari, F.: Influence of mechanical properties of the sheet material on formability in single point incremental forming, Annals of the CIRP, 53/1:207-210 (2004)

Spray parameters used in detonation gun spraying and mechanical properties of the fabricated micron/nano structured coatings.
Mechanical properties of as-sprayed coatings Fuel gas amounts and distance between substrate and end of nozzle as spraying parameters in detonation gun were controlled.
From results of hardness and abrasive wear tests, it is concluded that density of coatings is a main factor to determine the properties in nano WC-Co coatings.
Variation of mechanical properties such as hardness, fracture toughness and wear resistance were shown in Fig. 3.
Fracture toughness is a one of main factor to affect wear resistance of materials.

Numerical study on effect of wall on upwelling flow Pan Huachen1, a, Guo Bin2,b 1,2School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China a,bE-mail: guobin8709@163.com Keywords: numerical method; gas-liquid two phase flow; wall; upwelling flow.
It is one of the gas-liquid two phase flows and it is influenced by many factors, e.g. air supply, height, bubble diameters, nozzle distance to wall and so on.
When the physic model is defined, the fluid properties and boundary conditions are specified.
So there exists a flow circulation and the reverse flow could affect upwelling flow.
The result shows that reverse flow is influenced by wall and then it affects upwelling flow.

On the basis of the main parameters affecting hot stamping, four process parameters (factors) were considered: (i) normal pressure, (ii) sheet temperature, (iii) sliding velocity, and (iv) tool surface finishing.
Low level and high level of factors, shown in Table 1, were chosen on the basis of a compromise between process conditions and a preliminary sensitivity analysis.
The levels of factors for pin-on-disk experiments carried out on USIBOR 1500P™.
Factors Low level High level Normal pressure [MPa] 5 25 Temperature [°C] 500 800 Sliding velocity [mm/s] 3 6 Surface condition Turned Polished Results LFT.
Furthermore, with the aim to find a basic explanation of the determined development of the tribological properties, smoothing effects affecting the real contact area between workpiece and sheet as well as the increased ductility of the blanks' bulk material has to be taken into consideration.

The reinforcement of the steel columns becomes the focus of the project, what’s more, heavy workload is needed, which became the main factors affecting the duration and cost. 1.
This project strengens the columns with the method of increasing the component’s section, changing component’s section properties, increasing the bearing capacity and stiffness.The method adopted in this project refers to the method that the new steel columns composed of the original steel columns and added H-shaped steel columns, connected by the bolts, reach the design requirement according to the property of the component, meantime, taking the reduction factor into account [2].
These three points are the main factors which affect the reasonable force of the columns.
The element that affects the force of the bolts is the axial force of new steel columns and original steel columns and the moment of the columns.
The figure 6 and figure 7 show how to pick up external loads that affect the force of the bolts.

The paper describes selected passive methods of modifying properties and structures of metal surfaces.
The properties and structure of a heating surface can be modified using chemical, thermal, mechanical or combined mechanical and thermal processes.
Intensity of the transfer of the material depends on the number of factors, mainly on impulse energy.
The process under discussion consists in processing the material to achieve required geometric and/or the distribution of properties.
One of the surfaces (texturing 1) has the best properties in terms of heat transfer.

The substance construction, rock mass structure and mechanical properties of Badong formation are very complex, especially the developmental weak section can be seen everywhere, which make Fengjie become one of the regions where the geological disasters grow intensely.
Analysis of influence factors Tectonism.
The different proportion of the three minerals decides the difference of physical, chemical and mechanical properties of rock[16].
So along the profile, the chemical composition changes little; while the physical mechanical properties changes obviously.
Meanwhile it may lead the mud lime rocks to corrode and easily fracture, make their mechanical properties reduce.

PREPARATION METHOD AND DEVICE OF MICROCELLULAR SHEET BASED ON BATCH FOAMING Xin XIAO, Xuetao HE, Yumei DING, Liu QIN, Weimin YANG College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
Furthermore, CO2 will affect some physical properties of polymers, such as reducing the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer, melting point (Tm) and the melt viscosity.
Fig.2: The sketch figure of supercritical CO2 diffusion kettle 1-CO2 gas bomb; 2-condense; 3-diffusion kettle; 4-preheater Fig.3: The real figure of supercritical CO2 diffusion kettle 2.1.2 The processing parameter of diffusion kettle with saturate pressure Based on the microcellular foamed materials prepared by supercritical CO2, the saturation pressure, saturation temperature and saturation time are the crucial factors at the saturation stage in kettle.
The unloading time of taking off the PVC from diffusion kettle will affect the nucleation density of gas in the foaming stage.
Fig.9: Microcellular sheet prepared by this method Conclusion Microcellular foamed plastic can reduce the amount of polymer without sacrificing mechanical properties of materials at the same time.