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Online since: June 2021
Authors: Zhang Feng Wang, Meng Jun Wang, Chi Xiang Ou, Bai Chen Chen, Gang Xian Fan
The tensile properties were tested in the universal tensile tester with the special tooling chuck at the stretching rate of 0.5mm/min, and each tensile test data were tested in three times.
The variation of ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) and elongation, reduction of area are shown in Fig. 5(b) and (c).
In the upper rim, the values of UTS, YS and elongation, reduction of area are equal to 282.4MPa, 185.1MPa and 14.3%, 5.6%, respectively, indicating the best mechanical properties.
After hot spinning, the elongation and area reduction of the rim are as high as 18.9% and 19.7%.
The tensile strength and yield strength of the lower rim are slightly lower than the upper rim, but its elongation and reduction of area are slightly improved.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Shu Guang Cai, Xiao Yun Ye, Chan Zheng, Xue Qing Xiao
Under the increased experimental power, it is much easy for the reduction of the silver ions to silver nanoparticles, then to reach on the surfaces of silica spheres.
The morphologies of the silver nanoparticles were related to the reduction rate of the silver ions.
Slow reduction rate resulted in uneven shapes[8].
With the silver ion concentration increased, as shown in Fig. 2B, more uniform Ag shells were formed due to the increased reduction rate of silver ions.
As can be seen from the data, no distinct peaks were observed for bare silica owing to the strong scattering from the silica colloid (Fig. 4a) [9].
Online since: October 2022
Authors: Ming Han Jing, Jun Lin Yang, Xiao Qian Wang, Yi Liu, Zheng Jing Zhao, Jing Bo Li, Hai Bo Jin
The Nb doping induces a reduction of θc at a rate of ~ -13.0 ℃ per at.% Nb as Nb is less than ~1.5 at.%.
In the XPS analysis, the XPS data are calibrated with the C 1s (286.4 eV) peak as the reference.
The Tlum, and ΔTsol are calculated based on the transmittance data and shown in Fig. 8b and Table 2.
The W doping is more effective in reducing θc and showed a reduction rate of ~ -17.2 ℃ per at.% W.
The 1.0 at.% W + 1.5 at.% Nb co-doped VO2 film realizes the reduction of θc to 23.0 ℃ and ~9.6% of ΔTsol.
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Xin Lan, Ying Jie Yang
Compared with the reduction of furfural content, a pyrolysis product of pentose polymers in hemicellulose, reduction of the content of guaiacyl lignin which contained one-carbon side chain was huger in the hindgut, indicating the degradation of depolymered lignin is greater than that of hemicellulose.
Pyrolysis GC-MS analysis of the hindgut contents of macrotermes barneyi The data processing was the same as 2.1 Fig. 2 The total ion chromatogram (TIC) of constituents at 650℃ for termite hindgut According to statistics (Fig.2), those whose retention time can be 2.00~6.00 min were mainly splitting ingredients of timbers’ constitutes like cyclobutene, styrene, furfural, pentanone et al and the metabolite of termite such as urea et al.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Jia Uddin, Mohammed Faisal, Shimul Shil
Voice and data packets traverse over IP networks with fixed maximum capacity.
Separating the transmission of voice call and voice data, the utilization of network resources might be increased and could reduce the failure of voice call.
MPLS-TE ensures the efficient path selection and fast recovery mechanism with ensuring the quality of voice data [3].
This resulted in higher throughput which has a ripple effect on operating efficiency and reduction of infrastructure cost.
Online since: March 2012
Authors: Xiao Yang Hu, Jun Yao
The results of simulation and calculation compared with empirical data.
Results of simulation The results of simulation and calculations were duplicated in the calculated complex ANSYS / LS-DYNA and compared with experimental data at certain points.
Acceleration on points 4 and 14. • - is experimental data Fig.5.
The efficiency of structures provided such a purpose: a) increase the lower frequencies of vibration, b) increasing the fatigue strength due to material selection; c) decrease the area of exposed solid surfaces with acoustic emission; d) reduction level of the transmission of force from the discharge chamber to the structural elements.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Ainul Akmar Mokhtar, Masdi Muhammad, Hilmi bin Hussin
Generally three types of data are needed when performing availability study: Process flow diagram (PFD) supported with P&ID; Reliability and Maintainability (R&M) data; and maintenance system data.
Some equipment in the system including type 1 and 2 pumps, however, are found having incomplete or missing data.
Flow rates data also provide insight on the existing configuration of pump operation.
A simulation based on OREDA data shows that the availability is 99.87, relatively better than the plant simulation data indicating that the system real performance is slightly lower than the industrial average.
Running of simulation using OREDA data (2-out-of-3 configurations) resulted in availability of 99.44%, a mere 0.35% reduction from the base case.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Jiang Qi Long, Zhong Gen Su
Using electronically controlled EGR technology can precise control EGR rate under the different engine conditions, it is as much as possible reduction of NOx emissions under effectively maintaining the performance requirements of diesel engine.
The control panel has the functions of data collection, determining the conditions, the coordination of the subroutine, controlling signal output.
The data of Table 1 show that NOx emissions total reduces 30.9% subject to diesel engine performance after the use of electronically controlled EGR system.
In contrast, change of EGR rate has obvious effect on the diesel engine performance at high load, the use of big EGR rate brought a significant reduction in NOx, but will bring a rise in particles emissions and the significant increase of the fuel consumption.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Meng Meng Lin, Sheng Tao Yu, Yu Lin Ying
China’s civil car ownership and forecast If electric vehicles replace fuel vehicles in 10% of speed, specific data is as table 1.Obviously, in accordance with the above results, the widespread use of electric vehicles can save a large part of energy for society.
If pure electric vehicles account for 10% of auto possession by 2020, then each car will reduce 90% carbon dioxide emissions, and a 9% reduction of carbon dioxide emissions will happen in the auto industry, which will in return cause nearly a 1.5% in the overall reduction of carbon dioxide emissions.
Carries on standardized processing to the data and get the standardized computed result.
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Liudmila Muravyeva, Nikolay Vatin
Reduction of pipeline deflections and stresses under certain loading level is the prerequisite of structural operability.
tu= p/2×DH×g×H(1+k0)tg(kjs), (3) where Н - in-soil pipeline laying depth (along the centerline); k0 – empirical parameter with recommended value (for normally packed noncohesive soils) 0.35-0.47; k – empirical reduction coefficient, the recommended value for pipelines with relatively smooth insulation surface being within 0.5 – 0.7.
Since the method of statistical modeling is a simulation of a real experiment, the use of experiment design algorithms and data processing algorithms proves to be fairly efficient for complex systems [3].
A typical compound diagram of failure-free operation areas, as represented in Figure 2, is plotted on the basis of the analytic data.
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