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Mechanical alloying has led to a reduction in peak intensities and broadening of the diffraction peaks as the milling time duration was extended.
Generally, larger amount of defects were introduced to the milled sample when subjected to high energy impact, thus causing the peak broadening and reduction in crystallite size as the milling time increased.
All the XRD diffraction patterns revealed the formation of single-phase SrTiO3-type cubic (Pm-3m) perovskite structure, which corresponded to 98-006-6631 of the International Center Diffraction Data (ICDD) standard.
For microstructural analysis, a reduction in grain size was noticed as the milling time was increased.
The reduction in grain size resulted in the decrease in the dielectric constant as the milling time was increased.

To characterize the clay it were used data from the literature, which indicated a particle size of 200 mesh, corresponding to 74 μm value close to that obtained for the powder of stone São Tomé used.
This effect may be due to the reduction of active sites caused by the addition of quartzite with a consequent reduction of interstitial water.
This fact can be explained by the reduction of water allocation sites, which generates a higher packing of the particles, coupled with a higher drying rate characteristic of microwave drying.
Also, the composite showed interesting features like the possibility of reduction of structural defects in the product.

There is a reduction in transmittance of the composites with the increasing weight percentage of the BC as there is increase in the fibrous network density which causes the reduction.
The transparency of as prepared and dried sample was reduced with increasing BC content which corresponds to transmittance data.
As it is evident from fig 6, that fibres are randomly oriented which may be the cause for reduction in the Young’s Modulus and tensile strength.
This reduction may also be due to high porosity or poor blending between BC and PMMA.

On the other hand, the reduction of rubbing against the bond material can lead to increased surface roughness of the ground workpiece.
In recording and interpreting the grinding power data care should be taken to extract the power associated with the material removal and not the power consumed owing to the bearing friction and lubricant incidence.
Higher cutting speeds are also favorable regarding the reduction of the grinding forces.
The tangential force values also follow the same trend, so that, reductions of up to 45% can be detected in the tangential force values.
Considering the reduction of grinding power and increment of roughness values in grinding with laser-dressed grinding wheels, it can be deduced that the laser-dressed grinding wheels are most effective for rough grinding processes, otherwise a finer laser-dressing with smaller pitch values would be necessary.

The research data from domestic and overseas shows that, the structural factors that might affect the stability of the industrial ecosystems included: the interdependence among the members (Lowe Ernest A.etc.,1998), the distance of the members (Jouni Korhonen,2002), the diversity of industries among the members (Cote R,Cohen Rosenthal,2003,Judy Kincaid,Michael Overcash,2001,Pierre Desrochers，2002), the geographic location of the industrial ecosystems (Pauline Deutz,2003), the key enterprises (Lingmei Wang,2003), the length of ecological industrial chains (Lingmei Wang,2003,Zhongdong Xiao,2002) and the correlation of the systems (Catherine Hardy,2002,Cote R.1998).
The reduction of internal management cost is mainly produced by information efficiency effect, while the reduction of external transaction cost is mainly produced by information synergy effect.
Information platform can greatly reduce the costs by achieving the information efficiency effect and information synergy effect, including: the reduction of internal management cost and the reduction of external transaction cost.

Because COG flamed propagation speed, cylinder combustion duration, HC had more time for oxidation reaction, so HC emissions of COG vehicles compared to CNG vehicles have a high degree of reduction in the maximum reduction of approximately 32.4%.
Table V Content of Coke Oven Gas Vehicle Exhaust CO (%) HC(ppm) CO2 (%) NO(ppm) O2 (%) First 0.02 32 5.92 8 8.91 Second 0.03 32 5.87 10 8.87 Third 0.01 31 5.69 6 8.60 The data in Table V showed that COG vehicle exhaust emissions were better than the State IV emission standards.
Investigating Combustion Enhancement and Emissions Reduction with the Addition of 2H2+O2 to a SI Engine.
Improvement of performance and reduction of pollutant emission of a four stroke spark ignition engine fueled with hydrogen-gasoline fuel mixture.

Stone et al. [5] first investigated precursor characterization, conversion to active catalyst and activity data for a full range of Cu/Zn ratios in both unsupported and alumina-supported Cu-ZnO catalysts for the RWGS reaction.
In order to demonstrate the structure change of K/Cu-Zn catalyst during reduction and reaction under the optimal conditions, the XRD was used to characterize these catalysts (Fig.4).
Reduction conditions: 673 K, 1.5 MPa and 1200 h-1 under pure hydrogen atmosphere.
After reduction by pure hydrogen, the diffraction peaks of reduced catalyst become sharper, indicating that the crystallinity of catalyst is effectively improved.
It also can be seen that the diffraction peaks of ZnO are still present and new diffraction peaks at 2θ values of 42.8o, 49.8o and 73.2o which are belonged to the reduction of CuO to Cu are showed.

According to previous identification from this paper as shown in Figure 1 where the CLD of minapolitan area development application is a conceptual model, thus the causal relationship among variables were formulated in dynamic system model structure which covers: stock as counted variables, flows as determinant variables, and converters as data input that compiled into one flow system.
Effective land expansion and land reduction mechanisms can increase the carrying capacity of land and spatial structure in the region.
In the land submodel, there are variable area of ​​the pond as a level and the rate of expansion and reduction of land as a rate (inflow and outflow) that affect the level.
In addition, the rate of expansion and reduction of land is influenced by the flow of information as a converter.
While the rate of land reduction is influenced by the conversion of pond areas, such as the expansion of agricultural areas and the conversion of pond areas into settlements.

There are two wheels before and after the model respectively, its control adopts the scheme of the front wheel steering and rear wheel driving, the design and optimization of the intelligent vehicle model is mainly to the front wheel alignment mechanism, the steering gear and reduction mechanism of the trailing wheel gear.
In practice, we optimize it by theoretical calculation, and then work out the actual structure to verify the theoretical data, and continuously improve it in actual debugging process.
Table 1 Vehicle model's parameter and size parameter size wheel base 198mm front gauge 137mm track rear 138mm/146mm wheel diameter 52mm The main reduction ratio 18/76 The rear wheel reduction gear optimization.
The adjusted gears' drive noise is tiny without kinds of noise like collision, then the reduction gear mechanism of rear wheel is basically adjusted, and the transmission is smooth.

The as-received Ni-Ti materials were manufactured from primary melting and followed by multiple steps of annealing and cold extrusion with a final 30% cold reduction.
The as-received Ni-Ti-Pd alloy was in as-cast condition due to difficulty in roll reduction.
A large uniform strain intensity at each pass was introduced in the material under low pressure without a reduction of the initial billet cross-section.
ECAE processing at a lower temperature (425 r&) may introduce more grain refinement, and result in increase in transition temperature. 44 124 80 NiTi-Pd (Solutionized + ECAE)*** 22 135 113 NiTi-Pd (Solutionized) 44 124 80 NiTi-Pd (As-Cast + ECAE)* 35 137 102 NiTi-Pd (As-Cast) 57 87 30 NiTi (Solutionized + ECAE)** 50 109 59 NiTi (Solutionized) 45 113 68 NiTi 30%CW (As Received + ECAE)* 24 78 54 NiTi 30%CW (As Received) ∆∆∆∆T (°C) = Af-Mf Af (°C) Mf (°C) Process Condition 44 124 80 NiTi-Pd (Solutionized + ECAE)*** 22 135 113 NiTi-Pd (Solutionized) 44 124 80 NiTi-Pd (As-Cast + ECAE)* 35 137 102 NiTi-Pd (As-Cast) 57 87 30 NiTi (Solutionized + ECAE)** 50 109 59 NiTi (Solutionized) 45 113 68 NiTi 30%CW (As Received + ECAE)* 24 78 54 NiTi 30%CW (As Received) ∆∆∆∆T (°C) = Af-Mf Af (°C) Mf (°C) Process Condition * ECAE Processed at 700 °C ** ECAE Processed at 425 °C *** ECAE Processed at 400 °C Table 1 The DSC data
This may be due to the effect of high processing temperature (700 °C) which causes annealing and reduction of dislocation density.