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Online since: November 2018
Authors: Himi Ibrahim, Sim Liew Kar, Azzura Ismail
There are many factors that affect corrosion to the metal.
Other than acidity of fluid, other factors also contribute to this contamination such as the presence of oxidizing agents like nitrates, nitrites, oxygen and other chemical groups consist in the drinking fluid.
Mechanical and Physical Properties The mechanical properties of each packaging material are shown in Table 2.
Electrochemical properties.
Mechanical properties and thickness reduces after electrochemical test for Al and Sn.
Other than acidity of fluid, other factors also contribute to this contamination such as the presence of oxidizing agents like nitrates, nitrites, oxygen and other chemical groups consist in the drinking fluid.
Mechanical and Physical Properties The mechanical properties of each packaging material are shown in Table 2.
Electrochemical properties.
Mechanical properties and thickness reduces after electrochemical test for Al and Sn.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Rafiq Ahmad, Tahir Ahmad, Saima Mumtaz, Rafi Raza
The mechanical behavior; in particular fatigue properties of cast aluminum components are affected due to presence of these defects [9].
However a number of factors are responsible for porosity formation in modified alloys.
Figure 7 Tensile properties of As-Cast alloy Tensile Properties Figure 7 shows the graphical representation of the tensile properties for the alloy before modification, while Figure 8 shows the graphical representation of tensile properties after addition of Sr as metallic modifier.
Figure 11 Tensile properties of KCl:NaF salt modified alloy Figure 12 Tensile properties of NaCl: NaF salt modified alloy The improved tensile properties for the modified alloys may be explained on the basis of microstructures.
Conclusion The alloys treated with Sr in the metal form as well as Sr-salt modifiers (KCl : NaF and SrCl2 : NaF) showed the well modified microstructures with improved mechanical properties and ductility as compared to the alloy treated with NaCl : NaF (2:1) which showed partially modified microstructure with lesser mechanical properties.
However a number of factors are responsible for porosity formation in modified alloys.
Figure 7 Tensile properties of As-Cast alloy Tensile Properties Figure 7 shows the graphical representation of the tensile properties for the alloy before modification, while Figure 8 shows the graphical representation of tensile properties after addition of Sr as metallic modifier.
Figure 11 Tensile properties of KCl:NaF salt modified alloy Figure 12 Tensile properties of NaCl: NaF salt modified alloy The improved tensile properties for the modified alloys may be explained on the basis of microstructures.
Conclusion The alloys treated with Sr in the metal form as well as Sr-salt modifiers (KCl : NaF and SrCl2 : NaF) showed the well modified microstructures with improved mechanical properties and ductility as compared to the alloy treated with NaCl : NaF (2:1) which showed partially modified microstructure with lesser mechanical properties.
Online since: September 2012
Authors: Wan Shan Wang, Tian Biao Yu, Cong Li, Dong Xue Zhang
Its’ quality of parts surface will directly affect the life and strength of mechanical parts.
Therefore, the quality of parts surface in grinding is particularly important to mechanical parts.
With various grinding factors taken into account, we could advance mathematical simulation using MATLAB accord to the triangle or the bands cutting model.
Such as the micro structure properties of 45# structural steel, what kind of temperature can lead to change of organization of austenite?
So that we can overcome the limitations of traditional methods of simulation, subsequently we should deeply study of grinding which can affect temperature field factors in the grinding process.
Therefore, the quality of parts surface in grinding is particularly important to mechanical parts.
With various grinding factors taken into account, we could advance mathematical simulation using MATLAB accord to the triangle or the bands cutting model.
Such as the micro structure properties of 45# structural steel, what kind of temperature can lead to change of organization of austenite?
So that we can overcome the limitations of traditional methods of simulation, subsequently we should deeply study of grinding which can affect temperature field factors in the grinding process.
Online since: November 2023
Authors: Rudolf Hela, Klára Křížová
Possibilities of Using Concrete and Brick Recyclate as a Substitute for Natural Aggregates
Rudolf Hela1,a, Křížová Klára2,b*
1,2Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Veveri 331/95, 620 00 Brno,
Czech Republic
ahela.r@fce.vutbr.cz, bkrizova.k@fce.vutbr.cz
Keywords: Concrete; Brick; Recycled aggregate; Mechanical properties; Environmental influence
Abstract.
The results of physico-mechanical properties of different formulations experimentally and practically verified will be shown and the areas of their safe use will be discussed.
Properties of concrete with recyclate
Results of density and compressive strength after 7 and 28 days Concrete Hardened density [kg/m3] Compressive strength [MPa] 7 days 28 days 7 days 28 days C 16/20 NA 2320 2300 28.3 32.3 C 16/20 RCA 2230 2200 23.8 26.9 C 30/37 NA 2340 2330 35.9 46.4 C 30/37 RCA 2290 2280 30.1 39.2 Conclusion Concrete recycled aggregate has reduced properties compared to natural aggregate, therefore the properties of the concrete made from it are greatly affected.
Another factor is the different bulk density, which is always lower for recycled aggregate than for natural aggregate.
The results of physico-mechanical properties of different formulations experimentally and practically verified will be shown and the areas of their safe use will be discussed.
Properties of concrete with recyclate
Results of density and compressive strength after 7 and 28 days Concrete Hardened density [kg/m3] Compressive strength [MPa] 7 days 28 days 7 days 28 days C 16/20 NA 2320 2300 28.3 32.3 C 16/20 RCA 2230 2200 23.8 26.9 C 30/37 NA 2340 2330 35.9 46.4 C 30/37 RCA 2290 2280 30.1 39.2 Conclusion Concrete recycled aggregate has reduced properties compared to natural aggregate, therefore the properties of the concrete made from it are greatly affected.
Another factor is the different bulk density, which is always lower for recycled aggregate than for natural aggregate.
Online since: January 2011
Authors: Mohd Afendi, Tokuo Teramoto, Akihiro Matsuda
There are many critical factors affecting the structural integrity and reliability of scarf joints.
In the literature, the most commonly considered factors are joint geometry, mechanical properties of adhesive and adherend, bonding surface as well as loading condition.
In our previous study [3], the mechanical properties of the bulk epoxy adhesive were measured using the dog-bone specimen in uniaxial tension, and the pertinent results are tabulated in Table 1.
Table 1 Mechanical properties of materials.
The adherends were assumed to remain elastic materials and the mechanical properties data were taken from Table 1.
In the literature, the most commonly considered factors are joint geometry, mechanical properties of adhesive and adherend, bonding surface as well as loading condition.
In our previous study [3], the mechanical properties of the bulk epoxy adhesive were measured using the dog-bone specimen in uniaxial tension, and the pertinent results are tabulated in Table 1.
Table 1 Mechanical properties of materials.
The adherends were assumed to remain elastic materials and the mechanical properties data were taken from Table 1.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Jiu Li Ruan, Qi Qiao, Shi Bing Sun, Ling Ling She, Yu Wen Guo
The result showed that foam glass was affected by sintering temperature, as well as other factors such as foaming agent, oxygen supply agent and reaction time.
Using calcium carbonate as a foaming agent easily leads to a large number of open pores which exerts profound influence on the insulation properties of foamed glass, and excessively high sintering temperature increases the cost of production.
As the effect of foaming affected thermal insulation properties directly, the satisfactory foaming effect could be seen from Fig.1 (b) and (f).
As foam glass required properties of lightweight and porous, excessive density would demand higher load-bearing capacity in its application areas and limit its use.
Under the optimal conditions, foam glass produced by mixed glass had excellent properties with density reaching 0.2211 g/cm3.
Using calcium carbonate as a foaming agent easily leads to a large number of open pores which exerts profound influence on the insulation properties of foamed glass, and excessively high sintering temperature increases the cost of production.
As the effect of foaming affected thermal insulation properties directly, the satisfactory foaming effect could be seen from Fig.1 (b) and (f).
As foam glass required properties of lightweight and porous, excessive density would demand higher load-bearing capacity in its application areas and limit its use.
Under the optimal conditions, foam glass produced by mixed glass had excellent properties with density reaching 0.2211 g/cm3.
Online since: January 2021
Authors: Paul Ludwig Geiss, Melanie Schumann
Time-, Temperature- and Frequency-Dependent Viscoelastic Properties of a Curing Epoxy Adhesive
Paul L.
After gelation, the microstructure of the resin is fixed and further cure is affected by diffusion limitations [1].
Once vitrified, diffusion will govern further cure in the glassy region and energetic elasticity will rule mechanical properties.
Properties: Cure Behavior (2008)
Monnerie, Polymer materials: Macroscopic properties and molecular interpretations, Hoboken (N.J), J.
After gelation, the microstructure of the resin is fixed and further cure is affected by diffusion limitations [1].
Once vitrified, diffusion will govern further cure in the glassy region and energetic elasticity will rule mechanical properties.
Properties: Cure Behavior (2008)
Monnerie, Polymer materials: Macroscopic properties and molecular interpretations, Hoboken (N.J), J.
Online since: January 2016
Authors: Andrzej Norbert Wieczorek
The impact of the operational factors was reproduced by filling the test box with quartz abrasive, which resulted in its continuous presence between the chain wheels tested and the chain surface.
The chemical composition of the steels and cast steels (was used the spectroscope FOUNDRY MASTER) subjected to tests was compared in Table 1, while mechanical properties are presented in Table 2.
Mechanical properties of the tested cast steels (data from the certificate of producer) Mechanical Properties Tensile Strength TS, MPa Yield Strength YS, MPa Elongation A5, % GS42CrNiMo4 1115±3.8 905±3.6 8.9±0.1 L20HGSNM 1134±4.0 1083±3.8 10.0±0.1 L30GS 631,8±3.1 396±3.0 17.8±0.1 A6 739±3.8 526±3.4 16.3±0.1- LS5GSM 1152±3.7 891±3.7 8.7±0.1 L20HGSNM A6 L35GSM GS42CrMo4 L30GS Fig. 3.
[8] Wieczorek A.N., The role of operational factors in shaping of wear properties of alloyed Austempered Ductile Iron.
[9] Wieczorek A.N., The role of operational factors in shaping of wear properties of alloyed Austempered Ductile Iron.
The chemical composition of the steels and cast steels (was used the spectroscope FOUNDRY MASTER) subjected to tests was compared in Table 1, while mechanical properties are presented in Table 2.
Mechanical properties of the tested cast steels (data from the certificate of producer) Mechanical Properties Tensile Strength TS, MPa Yield Strength YS, MPa Elongation A5, % GS42CrNiMo4 1115±3.8 905±3.6 8.9±0.1 L20HGSNM 1134±4.0 1083±3.8 10.0±0.1 L30GS 631,8±3.1 396±3.0 17.8±0.1 A6 739±3.8 526±3.4 16.3±0.1- LS5GSM 1152±3.7 891±3.7 8.7±0.1 L20HGSNM A6 L35GSM GS42CrMo4 L30GS Fig. 3.
[8] Wieczorek A.N., The role of operational factors in shaping of wear properties of alloyed Austempered Ductile Iron.
[9] Wieczorek A.N., The role of operational factors in shaping of wear properties of alloyed Austempered Ductile Iron.
Online since: July 2015
Authors: Viorel Bogdan Rădoiu, Alexandru Pintilie, Melat Bormambet
It's numerically analyzed the influence of main pipe's ramification due to modification of mechanical and geometrical parameters.
The obtained results represent a comparative factor for technical regulation in the safety assessment in operation of natural gas pipelines.
We consider for material behavior a bilinear isotropic hardening model, with thermal property according to Table 1.
Therefore, the thermal fields induced by the welding branch on gas main create a zone with stress concentration with implications on the level of residual stress, negatively affecting the operation of gas main safety.
So, for the safe operation of natural gas main is necessary to create favorable thermal fields to ensure adequate welded joint properties.
The obtained results represent a comparative factor for technical regulation in the safety assessment in operation of natural gas pipelines.
We consider for material behavior a bilinear isotropic hardening model, with thermal property according to Table 1.
Therefore, the thermal fields induced by the welding branch on gas main create a zone with stress concentration with implications on the level of residual stress, negatively affecting the operation of gas main safety.
So, for the safe operation of natural gas main is necessary to create favorable thermal fields to ensure adequate welded joint properties.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Xue Song Zhang, Shu Hong Sun, An Bang Gu
So, to grasp the mechanical properties of this type of bridge should also pay much more attention to the main beam, in addition to above issues.
Study on mechanical characteristics for the PC beam of Chongqing Jiayue Bridge Chongqing Jiayue Bridge is over Jialingjiang River.
For the large flange, the cross beam’s internal force in direction along the central line of bridge was significantly affected by the load conditions, support conditions and prestressing.
The rational design of prestressing, external prestressing and cable force for PC beams is a comprehensive work, and economic factors must be in considered together Study on the PC beam of Jiayue Bridge was focused on the mechanical properties of the PC beam under the interaction of prestressing, kiloton cable force, and the special flange anchorage, external prestressing was not applied or taken into account.
How to simplify the calculation method of achieving a practical mode, considering the three factors of prestressing, external prestressing and cable tension, not only to meet the PC beam’s safety requirements, but also to meet the need of the construction process simplification and economy?
Study on mechanical characteristics for the PC beam of Chongqing Jiayue Bridge Chongqing Jiayue Bridge is over Jialingjiang River.
For the large flange, the cross beam’s internal force in direction along the central line of bridge was significantly affected by the load conditions, support conditions and prestressing.
The rational design of prestressing, external prestressing and cable force for PC beams is a comprehensive work, and economic factors must be in considered together Study on the PC beam of Jiayue Bridge was focused on the mechanical properties of the PC beam under the interaction of prestressing, kiloton cable force, and the special flange anchorage, external prestressing was not applied or taken into account.
How to simplify the calculation method of achieving a practical mode, considering the three factors of prestressing, external prestressing and cable tension, not only to meet the PC beam’s safety requirements, but also to meet the need of the construction process simplification and economy?