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On the other hand, the reduction of rubbing against the bond material can lead to increased surface roughness of the ground workpiece.
In recording and interpreting the grinding power data care should be taken to extract the power associated with the material removal and not the power consumed owing to the bearing friction and lubricant incidence.
Higher cutting speeds are also favorable regarding the reduction of the grinding forces.
The tangential force values also follow the same trend, so that, reductions of up to 45% can be detected in the tangential force values.
Considering the reduction of grinding power and increment of roughness values in grinding with laser-dressed grinding wheels, it can be deduced that the laser-dressed grinding wheels are most effective for rough grinding processes, otherwise a finer laser-dressing with smaller pitch values would be necessary.

The as-received Ni-Ti materials were manufactured from primary melting and followed by multiple steps of annealing and cold extrusion with a final 30% cold reduction.
The as-received Ni-Ti-Pd alloy was in as-cast condition due to difficulty in roll reduction.
A large uniform strain intensity at each pass was introduced in the material under low pressure without a reduction of the initial billet cross-section.
ECAE processing at a lower temperature (425 r&) may introduce more grain refinement, and result in increase in transition temperature. 44 124 80 NiTi-Pd (Solutionized + ECAE)*** 22 135 113 NiTi-Pd (Solutionized) 44 124 80 NiTi-Pd (As-Cast + ECAE)* 35 137 102 NiTi-Pd (As-Cast) 57 87 30 NiTi (Solutionized + ECAE)** 50 109 59 NiTi (Solutionized) 45 113 68 NiTi 30%CW (As Received + ECAE)* 24 78 54 NiTi 30%CW (As Received) ∆∆∆∆T (°C) = Af-Mf Af (°C) Mf (°C) Process Condition 44 124 80 NiTi-Pd (Solutionized + ECAE)*** 22 135 113 NiTi-Pd (Solutionized) 44 124 80 NiTi-Pd (As-Cast + ECAE)* 35 137 102 NiTi-Pd (As-Cast) 57 87 30 NiTi (Solutionized + ECAE)** 50 109 59 NiTi (Solutionized) 45 113 68 NiTi 30%CW (As Received + ECAE)* 24 78 54 NiTi 30%CW (As Received) ∆∆∆∆T (°C) = Af-Mf Af (°C) Mf (°C) Process Condition * ECAE Processed at 700 °C ** ECAE Processed at 425 °C *** ECAE Processed at 400 °C Table 1 The DSC data
This may be due to the effect of high processing temperature (700 °C) which causes annealing and reduction of dislocation density.

The research data from domestic and overseas shows that, the structural factors that might affect the stability of the industrial ecosystems included: the interdependence among the members (Lowe Ernest A.etc.,1998), the distance of the members (Jouni Korhonen,2002), the diversity of industries among the members (Cote R,Cohen Rosenthal,2003,Judy Kincaid,Michael Overcash,2001,Pierre Desrochers，2002), the geographic location of the industrial ecosystems (Pauline Deutz,2003), the key enterprises (Lingmei Wang,2003), the length of ecological industrial chains (Lingmei Wang,2003,Zhongdong Xiao,2002) and the correlation of the systems (Catherine Hardy,2002,Cote R.1998).
The reduction of internal management cost is mainly produced by information efficiency effect, while the reduction of external transaction cost is mainly produced by information synergy effect.
Information platform can greatly reduce the costs by achieving the information efficiency effect and information synergy effect, including: the reduction of internal management cost and the reduction of external transaction cost.

Data of geometry and dimension of end-face tooth on some specifications of coupling flange are provided in JB/T3242-1993[3], but there is no general method of design, it can not meet users’ requirement on design and type selection of end-face tooth for both multi-specifications and nonstandard couplings.
Height of addendum named h is: (3) In the equation: λ stands for parameter for the height reduction of addendum, it can be selected in Table1, h which is calculated according to the parameter that conforms to JB/T3242-1993[3] completely, sphere of application of this design method is in the range of φ500~φ1200,whether or not make use of standard specification.
Table 1 List of parameters for the height reduction of addendum D[mm] φ500～φ550 φ580～φ750 φ780～φ950 φ1000～φ1200 Z 96 120 144 180 R[mm] 2.25 2.5 2.5 2.5 λ[mm] 0.399 0.261 0.351 0.620 Height of tooth named H is： (4) Bottom clearance of addendum named f is： (5) in the equation: l2 stands for tooth width of non-cone part of end-face tooth.
Conclusions (1) According to design equations for the geometric dimension of end-face tooth of the coupling flange and parameters for the height reduction of addendum listed in Table 1, we can design any specifications of the end-face tooth of the coupling flange in range of φ500~φ1200, tooth profile designed conforms to JB/T3242-1993[3] completely.
This method is also suitable for us to design small specification of end-face tooth of coupling flange, but parameters for the height reduction of addendum can be confirmed by using interpolation method on the basis of specification border upon in JB/T3242-1993[3]

However, the reduction of temperature of gas can effectively improve the compression efficiency of compressor, as shown in the following figure 1.
The reduction of the temperature of strong solution makes the refrigerant vapor absorb easily in the absorber, which not only ensures virtuous cycle of lithium bromide refrigerator, but also improves the refrigerating efficiency of the machine.
We can see from the data that the reduction of the temperature at compressor entrance can improve the efficiency [6].
[6] Hao Li, Chen Chao, Liu Hongquan, Energy utilization and sustainable development , Scientific and Technological Information, 2008，（20）：646-647 [7] Ding Hongyan, Zhao Hong, Zhang Xiaoming, Promoting renewable water source heat pump heating in Cities and realizing new breakthroughs in energy saving and emission reduction , Environmental Protection Science, 2008,34(2).

Qieerduweiqi (Y.Zeldovich) explained the mechanism[3]: (1) (2) (3) Introduction of the SCR System Selective catalytic reduction method (SCR) is a method of exhaust gas after treatment, could dramatically reduce NOx in exhaust gas emissions, is also a recognized mature, standard main method, for which IMO’s third level can be achieved.
To achieve more experimental data in once, we could set four lines SCR operation system.
Lieutenant in the SCR reactor exhaust of NOx reduction to N2, to achieve the objective of reducing NOx emissions, the main chemical reaction equation is as follows: (4) (5) Fig 2.2 SCR operation principle SCR Catayst.
Development of Selective Catalytic Reduction for Low-speed Marine Diesel Engines[J].
Simulation and optimization for urea selective catalytic reduction systems [D].

Because COG flamed propagation speed, cylinder combustion duration, HC had more time for oxidation reaction, so HC emissions of COG vehicles compared to CNG vehicles have a high degree of reduction in the maximum reduction of approximately 32.4%.
Table V Content of Coke Oven Gas Vehicle Exhaust CO (%) HC(ppm) CO2 (%) NO(ppm) O2 (%) First 0.02 32 5.92 8 8.91 Second 0.03 32 5.87 10 8.87 Third 0.01 31 5.69 6 8.60 The data in Table V showed that COG vehicle exhaust emissions were better than the State IV emission standards.
Investigating Combustion Enhancement and Emissions Reduction with the Addition of 2H2+O2 to a SI Engine.
Improvement of performance and reduction of pollutant emission of a four stroke spark ignition engine fueled with hydrogen-gasoline fuel mixture.

For public buildings that consume comparatively more energy, a new and renewable energy system that can be operated using repeatedly renewable energy at a relatively reasonable cost will lead to reductions in energy consumption.
For a comparative economic analysis, data on the actual utilization of the newly introduced system was collected.
If the reduction in the cost of cooling is assumed to be about 30%, it is expected that the annual energy consumption would be reduced by more than KRW 61,000,000.
In the investment recovery analysis, only the cost saved was considered, and the substitution effect of the import of crude oil caused by a reduction in the consumption of fossil fuel was not included.
Moreover, by comparing the heating cost of the SCW system with the heating cost of general boilers, a reduction in energy cost was found.

Stone et al. [5] first investigated precursor characterization, conversion to active catalyst and activity data for a full range of Cu/Zn ratios in both unsupported and alumina-supported Cu-ZnO catalysts for the RWGS reaction.
In order to demonstrate the structure change of K/Cu-Zn catalyst during reduction and reaction under the optimal conditions, the XRD was used to characterize these catalysts (Fig.4).
Reduction conditions: 673 K, 1.5 MPa and 1200 h-1 under pure hydrogen atmosphere.
After reduction by pure hydrogen, the diffraction peaks of reduced catalyst become sharper, indicating that the crystallinity of catalyst is effectively improved.
It also can be seen that the diffraction peaks of ZnO are still present and new diffraction peaks at 2θ values of 42.8o, 49.8o and 73.2o which are belonged to the reduction of CuO to Cu are showed.

According to previous identification from this paper as shown in Figure 1 where the CLD of minapolitan area development application is a conceptual model, thus the causal relationship among variables were formulated in dynamic system model structure which covers: stock as counted variables, flows as determinant variables, and converters as data input that compiled into one flow system.
Effective land expansion and land reduction mechanisms can increase the carrying capacity of land and spatial structure in the region.
In the land submodel, there are variable area of ​​the pond as a level and the rate of expansion and reduction of land as a rate (inflow and outflow) that affect the level.
In addition, the rate of expansion and reduction of land is influenced by the flow of information as a converter.
While the rate of land reduction is influenced by the conversion of pond areas, such as the expansion of agricultural areas and the conversion of pond areas into settlements.